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Federated learning (FL) enables the collaborative training of large-scale language models (LLMs) across edge devices while keeping user data on-device. However, FL still exposes sensitive information through client-provided gradients.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Haaris Mehmood , Jie Xu , Karthikeyan Saravanan , Rogier Van Dalen , Mete Ozay

When applying machine learning to medical image classification, data leakage is a critical issue. Previous methods, such as adding noise to gradients for differential privacy, work well on large datasets like MNIST and CIFAR-100, but fail…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-10 Xiaobo Huang , Fang Xie

Developing a differentially private deep learning algorithm is challenging, due to the difficulty in analyzing the sensitivity of objective functions that are typically used to train deep neural networks. Many existing methods resort to the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-10-16 Frederik Harder , Jonas Köhler , Max Welling , Mijung Park

Decentralized min-max optimization allows multi-agent systems to collaboratively solve global min-max optimization problems by facilitating the exchange of model updates among neighboring agents, eliminating the need for a central server.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-12 Yueyang Quan , Chang Wang , Shengjie Zhai , Minghong Fang , Zhuqing Liu

While location trajectories offer valuable insights, they also reveal sensitive personal information. Differential Privacy (DP) offers formal protection, but achieving a favourable utility-privacy trade-off remains challenging. Recent works…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-06-12 Erik Buchholz , Natasha Fernandes , David D. Nguyen , Alsharif Abuadbba , Surya Nepal , Salil S. Kanhere

Differentially Private Stochastic Gradient Descent (DP-SGD) is a standard method for enforcing privacy in deep learning, typically using the Gaussian mechanism to perturb gradient updates. However, conventional mechanisms such as Gaussian…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-09-09 Qin Yang , Nicholas Stout , Meisam Mohammady , Han Wang , Ayesha Samreen , Christopher J Quinn , Yan Yan , Ashish Kundu , Yuan Hong

Differentially private stochastic gradient descent (DPSGD) is a variation of stochastic gradient descent based on the Differential Privacy (DP) paradigm, which can mitigate privacy threats that arise from the presence of sensitive…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-12-09 Ali Davody , David Ifeoluwa Adelani , Thomas Kleinbauer , Dietrich Klakow

Recent work on Renyi Differential Privacy has shown the feasibility of applying differential privacy to deep learning tasks. Despite their promise, however, differentially private deep networks often lag far behind their non-private…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-09-08 Jaewoo Lee , Daniel Kifer

This paper studies the convergence of clipped stochastic gradient descent (SGD) algorithms with decision-dependent data distribution. Our setting is motivated by privacy preserving optimization algorithms that interact with performative…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-01-31 Qiang Li , Michal Yemini , Hoi-To Wai

Differential privacy (DP) has become the standard for private data analysis. Certain machine learning applications only require privacy protection for specific protected attributes. Using naive variants of differential privacy in such use…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-06-25 Saeed Mahloujifar , Chuan Guo , G. Edward Suh , Kamalika Chaudhuri

Traditionally, the random noise is equally injected when training with different data instances in the field of differential privacy (DP). In this paper, we first give sharper excess risk bounds of DP stochastic gradient descent (SGD)…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-01-31 Yilin Kang , Jian Li , Yong Liu , Weiping Wang

This paper presents an auditing procedure for the Differentially Private Stochastic Gradient Descent (DP-SGD) algorithm in the black-box threat model that is substantially tighter than prior work. The main intuition is to craft worst-case…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-11-05 Meenatchi Sundaram Muthu Selva Annamalai , Emiliano De Cristofaro

Machine learning (ML) models trained by differentially private stochastic gradient descent (DP-SGD) have much lower utility than the non-private ones. To mitigate this degradation, we propose a DP Laplacian smoothing SGD (DP-LSSGD) to train…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-12-10 Bao Wang , Quanquan Gu , March Boedihardjo , Farzin Barekat , Stanley J. Osher

Traditional data masking techniques such as anonymization cannot achieve the expected privacy protection while ensuring data utility for privacy-preserving machine learning. Synthetic data plays an increasingly important role as it…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-22 Qiwei Ma , Jun Zhang

In this paper, the problem of federated learning (FL) through digital communication between clients and a parameter server (PS) over a multiple access channel (MAC), also subject to differential privacy (DP) constraints, is studied. More…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-11-03 Amir Sonee , Stefano Rini

Differentially private stochastic gradient descent (DP-SGD) has become the standard algorithm for training machine learning models with rigorous privacy guarantees. Despite its widespread use, the theoretical understanding of its long-run…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-21 Amartya Mukherjee , Jun Liu

As deep learning models are usually massive and complex, distributed learning is essential for increasing training efficiency. Moreover, in many real-world application scenarios like healthcare, distributed learning can also keep the data…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-08-24 Jie Xu , Wei Zhang , Fei Wang

The injection of heavy-tailed noise into the iterates of stochastic gradient descent (SGD) has garnered growing interest in recent years due to its theoretical and empirical benefits for optimization and generalization. However, its…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-05-13 Umut Şimşekli , Mert Gürbüzbalaban , Sinan Yıldırım , Lingjiong Zhu

Many high-stakes applications require machine learning models that protect user privacy and provide well-calibrated, accurate predictions. While Differential Privacy (DP) is the gold standard for protecting user privacy, standard DP…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-09 Ossi Räisä , Stratis Markou , Matthew Ashman , Wessel P. Bruinsma , Marlon Tobaben , Antti Honkela , Richard E. Turner

Scalability is a significant challenge when it comes to applying differential privacy to training deep neural networks. The commonly used DP-SGD algorithm struggles to maintain a high level of privacy protection while achieving high…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-06-22 Kamil Adamczewski , Yingchen He , Mijung Park