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Standard classification models often map inputs directly to labels without explicit reasoning, potentially limiting their performance, robustness, and interpretability. This paper introduces a novel two-stage approach to enhance text…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-02 Mads Henrichsen , Rasmus Krebs

Language models are widely used in chemistry for molecular property prediction and small-molecule generation, yet Natural Products (NPs) remain underexplored despite their importance in drug discovery. To address this gap, we develop…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-17 Ho-Hsuan Wang , Afnan Sultan , Andrea Volkamer , Dietrich Klakow

Pharmaceutical three-dimensional (3D) printing is an advanced fabrication technology with the potential to enable truly personalised dosage forms. Recent studies have integrated artificial intelligence (AI) to accelerate formulation and…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Adeshola Okubena , Yusuf Ali Mohammed , Moe Elbadawi

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities across various tasks, with their performance heavily dependent on the quality of input prompts. While prompt engineering has proven effective, it typically relies on…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2025-04-17 Xavier Sécheresse , Jacques-Yves Guilbert--Ly , Antoine Villedieu de Torcy

We report a flexible multi-modal mechanics language model, MeLM, applied to solve various nonlinear forward and inverse problems, that can deal with a set of instructions, numbers and microstructure data. The framework is applied to various…

Materials Science · Physics 2023-10-20 Markus J. Buehler

Foundational models with billions of parameters which have been trained on large corpora of data have demonstrated non-trivial skills in a variety of domains. However, due to their monolithic structure, it is challenging and expensive to…

This paper contributes to speeding up the design and deployment of engineering dynamical systems by proposing a strategy for exploiting domain and expert knowledge for the automated generation of a dynamical system computational model…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-23 Matthew Anderson Hendricks , Alice Cicirello

For over half a century, computer-aided structural elucidation systems (CASE) for organic compounds have relied on complex expert systems with explicitly programmed algorithms. These systems are often computationally inefficient for complex…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2024-10-28 Xiaofeng Tan

Language-molecule models have emerged as an exciting direction for molecular discovery and understanding. However, training these models is challenging due to the scarcity of molecule-language pair datasets. At this point, datasets have…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-08 Carl Edwards , Qingyun Wang , Lawrence Zhao , Heng Ji

Longer timelines and lower success rates of drug candidates limit the productivity of clinical trials in the pharmaceutical industry. Promising de novo drug design techniques help solve this by exploring a broader chemical space,…

Biomolecules · Quantitative Biology 2023-12-05 Ishir Rao

In derivational morphology, what mechanisms govern the variation in form-meaning relations between words? The answers to this type of questions are typically based on intuition and on observations drawn from limited data, even when a wide…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-15 Hathout Nabil , Basilio Calderone , Fiammetta Namer , Franck Sajous

Conditional set generation learns a mapping from an input sequence of tokens to a set. Several NLP tasks, such as entity typing and dialogue emotion tagging, are instances of set generation. Seq2Seq models, a popular choice for set…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-10-25 Aman Madaan , Dheeraj Rajagopal , Niket Tandon , Yiming Yang , Antoine Bosselut

Drug discovery using deep learning has attracted a lot of attention of late as it has obvious advantages like higher efficiency, less manual guessing and faster process time. In this paper, we present a novel neural network for generating…

Biomolecules · Quantitative Biology 2021-10-08 Abhinav Sagar

Unconditional molecular generation is a stepping stone for conditional molecular generation, which is important in \emph{de novo} drug design. Recent unconditional 3D molecular generation methods report saturated benchmarks, suggesting it…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2025-05-02 Martin Buttenschoen , Yael Ziv , Garrett M. Morris , Charlotte M. Deane

In the rapidly evolving landscape of online recipe sharing within a globalized context, there has been a notable surge in research towards comprehending and generating food recipes. Recent advancements in large language models (LLMs) like…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-09-02 Fnu Mohbat , Mohammed J. Zaki

Recent progress in Large Language Models (LLMs) and language agents has demonstrated significant promise for various future applications across multiple disciplines. While traditional approaches to language agents often rely on fixed,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-18 Lukas Vierling , Jie Fu , Kai Chen

Large language models (LLMs) and their variants have shown extraordinary efficacy across numerous downstream natural language processing (NLP) tasks, which has presented a new vision for the development of NLP. Despite their remarkable…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-01-18 Yazhou Zhang , Mengyao Wang , Youxi Wu , Prayag Tiwari , Qiuchi Li , Benyou Wang , Jing Qin

The ability of generative large language models (LLMs) to perform in-context learning has given rise to a large body of research into how best to prompt models for various natural language processing tasks. Machine Translation (MT) has been…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-07 Armel Zebaze , Benoît Sagot , Rachel Bawden

Materials discovery requires navigating vast chemical and structural spaces while satisfying multiple, often conflicting, objectives. We present LLM-guided Evolution for MAterials discovery (LLEMA), a unified framework that couples the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-06 Nikhil Abhyankar , Sanchit Kabra , Saaketh Desai , Chandan K. Reddy

The rational design of molecules with desired properties is a long-standing challenge in chemistry. Generative neural networks have emerged as a powerful approach to sample novel molecules from a learned distribution. Here, we propose a…