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The Autonomy of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) in indoor environments poses significant challenges due to the lack of reliable GPS signals in enclosed spaces such as warehouses, factories, and indoor facilities. Micro Aerial Vehicles…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-04-09 Amit Kumar Singh , Prasanth Kumar Duba , P. Rajalakshmi

The miniaturisation of sensors and processors, the advancements in connected edge intelligence, and the exponential interest in Artificial Intelligence are boosting the affirmation of autonomous nano-size drones in the Internet of Robotic…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-05-09 Mattia Sartori , Chetna Singhal , Neelabhro Roy , Davide Brunelli , James Gross

The ability of robots to autonomously navigate through 3D environments depends on their comprehension of spatial concepts, ranging from low-level geometry to high-level semantics, such as objects, places, and buildings. To enable such…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-10-23 U. V. B. L. Udugama , G. Vosselman , F. Nex

Fully-autonomous miniaturized robots (e.g., drones), with artificial intelligence (AI) based visual navigation capabilities are extremely challenging drivers of Internet-of-Things edge intelligence capabilities. Visual navigation based on…

Autonomous navigation for nano-scale unmanned aerial vehicles (nano-UAVs) is governed by extreme Size, Weight, and Power (SWaP) constraints (with the weight < 50 g and sub-100 mW onboard processor), distinguishing it fundamentally from…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-02-05 Mahmud S. Zango , Jianglin Lan

Accurate monocular metric depth estimation (MMDE) is crucial to solving downstream tasks in 3D perception and modeling. However, the remarkable accuracy of recent MMDE methods is confined to their training domains. These methods fail to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-19 Luigi Piccinelli , Christos Sakaridis , Yung-Hsu Yang , Mattia Segu , Siyuan Li , Wim Abbeloos , Luc Van Gool

Neural radiance fields (NeRF) shows powerful performance in novel view synthesis and 3D geometry reconstruction, but it suffers from critical performance degradation when the number of known viewpoints is drastically reduced. Existing works…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-09-26 Jiuhn Song , Seonghoon Park , Honggyu An , Seokju Cho , Min-Seop Kwak , Sungjin Cho , Seungryong Kim

Monocular 3D object detection has long been a challenging task in autonomous driving. Most existing methods follow conventional 2D detectors to first localize object centers, and then predict 3D attributes by neighboring features. However,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-02-14 Renrui Zhang , Han Qiu , Tai Wang , Ziyu Guo , Yiwen Tang , Xuanzhuo Xu , Ziteng Cui , Yu Qiao , Peng Gao , Hongsheng Li

Perceiving 3D objects from monocular inputs is crucial for robotic systems, given its economy compared to multi-sensor settings. It is notably difficult as a single image can not provide any clues for predicting absolute depth values.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-03-02 Tai Wang , Jiangmiao Pang , Dahua Lin

3D reconstruction of depth and motion from monocular video in dynamic environments is a highly ill-posed problem due to scale ambiguities when projecting to the 2D image domain. In this work, we investigate the performance of the current…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-01-24 Christian Homeyer , Oliver Lange , Christoph Schnörr

Accurate perception of the vehicle's 3D surroundings, including fine-scale road geometry, such as bumps, slopes, and surface irregularities, is essential for safe and comfortable vehicle control. However, conventional monocular depth…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-05 Gasser Elazab , Maximilian Jansen , Michael Unterreiner , Olaf Hellwich

Vision-based localization approaches now underpin newly emerging navigation pipelines for myriad use cases from robotics to assistive technologies. Compared to sensor-based solutions, vision-based localization does not require pre-installed…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-11-21 Anbang Yang , Mahya Beheshti , Todd E Hudson , Rajesh Vedanthan , Wachara Riewpaiboon , Pattanasak Mongkolwat , Chen Feng , John-Ross Rizzo

This paper presents the design, implementation and evaluation of milliMap, a single-chip millimetre wave (mmWave) radar based indoor mapping system targetted towards low-visibility environments to assist in emergency response. A unique…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-05-06 Chris Xiaoxuan Lu , Stefano Rosa , Peijun Zhao , Bing Wang , Changhao Chen , John A. Stankovic , Niki Trigoni , Andrew Markham

Dense and accurate 3D mapping from a monocular sequence is a key technology for several applications and still an open research area. This paper leverages recent results on single-view CNN-based depth estimation and fuses them with…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2017-06-28 José M. Fácil , Alejo Concha , Luis Montesano , Javier Civera

We present a novel monocular localization framework by jointly training deep learning-based depth prediction and Bayesian filtering-based pose reasoning. The proposed cross-modal framework significantly outperforms deep learning-only…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-10-28 Priyesh Shukla , Sureshkumar S. , Alex C. Stutts , Sathya Ravi , Theja Tulabandhula , Amit R. Trivedi

This work is based on a questioning of the quality metrics used by deep neural networks performing depth prediction from a single image, and then of the usability of recently published works on unsupervised learning of depth from videos. To…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-10-22 Clément Pinard , Laure Chevalley , Antoine Manzanera , David Filliat

Estimating the 3D structure of the drivable surface and surrounding environment is a crucial task for assisted and autonomous driving. It is commonly solved either by using 3D sensors such as LiDAR or directly predicting the depth of points…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-07-11 Haobo Yuan , Teng Chen , Wei Sui , Jiafeng Xie , Lefei Zhang , Yuan Li , Qian Zhang

Autonomous agile robots need more than metric geometry: they must understand objects, rooms, places, and spatial relations for search, inspection, exploration, and human robot interaction. Conventional metric maps support localization and…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-05-19 U. V. B. L. Udugama , George Vosselman , Francesco Nex

UAV navigation in unstructured outdoor environments using passive monocular vision is hindered by the substantial visual domain gap between simulation and reality. While 3D Gaussian Splatting enables photorealistic scene reconstruction from…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-19 Zinan Lv , Yeqian Qian , Chen Sang , Hao Liu , Danping Zou , Ming Yang

Obstacle avoidance is a key feature for safe Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) navigation. While solutions have been proposed for static obstacle avoidance, systems enabling avoidance of dynamic objects, such as drones, are hard to implement…

Robotics · Computer Science 2018-08-02 Adrian Carrio , Sai Vemprala , Andres Ripoll , Srikanth Saripalli , Pascual Campoy