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The correct use of model evaluation, model selection, and algorithm selection techniques is vital in academic machine learning research as well as in many industrial settings. This article reviews different techniques that can be used for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-11-12 Sebastian Raschka

Brute force cross-validation (CV) is a method for predictive assessment and model selection that is general and applicable to a wide range of Bayesian models. Naive or `brute force' CV approaches are often too computationally costly for…

Methodology · Statistics 2024-01-17 Alex Cooper , Aki Vehtari , Catherine Forbes , Lauren Kennedy , Dan Simpson

Variational Bayes (VB) is a scalable alternative to Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) for Bayesian posterior inference. Though popular, VB comes with few theoretical guarantees, most of which focus on well-specified models. However, models…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2020-08-13 Yixin Wang , David M. Blei

We review the concept of support vector machines (SVMs) and discuss examples of their use. One of the benefits of SVM algorithms, compared with neural networks and decision trees is that they can be less susceptible to over fitting than…

Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability · Physics 2016-12-21 A. Bethani , A. J. Bevan , J. Hays , T. J. Stevenson

Evaluating models fit to data with internal spatial structure requires specific cross-validation (CV) approaches, because randomly selecting assessment data may produce assessment sets that are not truly independent of data used to train…

Computation · Statistics 2023-03-14 Michael J Mahoney , Lucas K Johnson , Julia Silge , Hannah Frick , Max Kuhn , Colin M Beier

Pre-validation is a way to build prediction model with two datasets of significantly different feature dimensions. Previous work showed that the asymptotic distribution of the resulting test statistic for the pre-validated predictor…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-05-23 Jing Shang , Sourav Chatterjee , Trevor Hastie , Robert Tibshirani

We construct and propose the "Bayesian Validation Metric" (BVM) as a general model validation and testing tool. We find the BVM to be capable of representing all of the standard validation metrics (square error, reliability, probability of…

Methodology · Statistics 2019-10-28 Kevin Vanslette , Tony Tohme , Kamal Youcef-Toumi

Few Bayesian methods for analyzing high-dimensional sparse survival data provide scalable variable selection, effect estimation and uncertainty quantification. Such methods often either sacrifice uncertainty quantification by computing…

Methodology · Statistics 2022-07-06 Michael Komodromos , Eric Aboagye , Marina Evangelou , Sarah Filippi , Kolyan Ray

Cross-validation is a widely used technique for evaluating the performance of prediction models, ranging from simple binary classification to complex precision medicine strategies. It helps correct for optimism bias in error estimates,…

We investigate the ability of individuals to visually validate statistical models in terms of their fit to the data. While visual model estimation has been studied extensively, visual model validation remains under-investigated. It is…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-01-03 Daniel Braun , Ashley Suh , Remco Chang , Michael Gleicher , Tatiana von Landesberger

We introduce a novel cross-validation method that we call latinCV and we compare this method to other model selection methods using data generated from a stochastic block model. Comparing latinCV to other cross-validation methods, we show…

Methodology · Statistics 2016-05-11 Beau Dabbs , Brian Junker

Hyperparameter tuning plays a crucial role in optimizing the performance of predictive learners. Cross--validation (CV) is a widely adopted technique for estimating the error of different hyperparameter settings. Repeated cross-validation…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-08-01 Giovanni Maria Merola

State-of-the-art automated machine learning systems for tabular data often employ cross-validation; ensuring that measured performances generalize to unseen data, or that subsequent ensembling does not overfit. However, using k-fold…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-08-05 Edward Bergman , Lennart Purucker , Frank Hutter

Determining the number of factors is essential to factor analysis. In this paper, we propose {an efficient cross validation (CV)} method to determine the number of factors in approximate factor models. The method applies CV twice, first…

Methodology · Statistics 2019-07-04 Xianli Zeng , Yingcun Xia , Linjun Zhang

Machine learning methods may have the potential to significantly accelerate drug discovery. However, the increasing rate of new methodological approaches being published in the literature raises the fundamental question of how models should…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-02-19 Matthew C. Robinson , Robert C. Glen , Alpha A. Lee

Cross-validation (CV) is known to provide asymptotically exact tests and confidence intervals for model improvement but only when the model comparison is relatively stable. Surprisingly, we prove that even simple, individually stable models…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-02-10 Alexandre Bayle , Lucas Janson , Lester Mackey

This paper studies V-fold cross-validation for model selection in least-squares density estimation. The goal is to provide theoretical grounds for choosing V in order to minimize the least-squares loss of the selected estimator. We first…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2015-10-13 Sylvain Arlot , Matthieu Lerasle

Cross-validation is a standard tool for obtaining a honest assessment of the performance of a prediction model. The commonly used version repeatedly splits data, trains the prediction model on the training set, evaluates the model…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-10-10 Tianyu Pan , Vincent Z. Yu , Viswanath Devanarayan , Lu Tian

Group number selection is a key problem for group panel data modeling. In this work, we develop a cross-validation (CV) method to tackle this problem. Specifically, we split the panel data into two data folds on the time span, with group…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-05-19 Zhe Li , Xuening Zhu , Changliang Zou

Formal Verification (FV) and Machine Learning (ML) can seem incompatible due to their opposite mathematical foundations and their use in real-life problems: FV mostly relies on discrete mathematics and aims at ensuring correctness; ML often…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2018-06-13 Moussa Amrani , Levi Lúcio , Adrien Bibal