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Exoplanet atmosphere characterization has seen revolutionary advances over the last few years, providing us with unique insights into atmospheric chemistry, dynamics and planet formation mechanisms. However, true solar system analog planets…
Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics
2026-01-13
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The James Webb Space Telescope, launched in 2021, is an infrared observatory of novel design: deployable, with active optics, fully open to space for radiative cooling and orbiting the Lagrange point no. 2. This article explains the…
Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics
2025-01-17
Pierre Y. Bely , Garth D. Illingworth , Jonathan W. Arenberg , Charles Atkinson , Richard Burg , Mark Clampin , Lee D. Feinberg , Paul H. Geithner , John C. Mather , Michael T. Menzel , Max Nein , Larry Petro , David C. Redding , Bernard D. Seery , H. Philip Stahl , Massimo Stiavelli , Hervey Stockman , Scott P. Willoughby
The Astro 2020 Decadal Survey "Pathways to Discovery in Astronomy and Astrophysics for the 2020s" has recommended that "after a successful mission and technology maturation program, NASA should embark on a program to realize a mission to…
For the first time in human history, technologies have matured sufficiently to enable a mission capable of discovering and characterizing habitable planets like Earth orbiting sunlike stars other than the Sun. At the same time, such a…
Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics
2018-09-27
B. Scott Gaudi , Sara Seager , Bertrand Mennesson , Alina Kiessling , Keith Warfield , Gary Kuan , Kerri Cahoy , John T. Clarke , Shawn Domagal-Goldman , Lee Feinberg , Olivier Guyon , Jeremy Kasdin , Dimitri Mawet , Tyler Robinson , Leslie Rogers , Paul Scowen , Rachel Somerville , Karl Stapelfeldt , Christopher Stark , Daniel Stern , Margaret Turnbull , Stefan Martin , Oscar Alvarez-Salazar , Rashied Amini , William Arnold , Bala Balasubramanian , Mike Baysinger , Lindsey Blais , Thomas Brooks , Rob Calvet , Velibor Cormarkovic , Charlie Cox , Rolf Danner , Jacqueline Davis , Lisa Dorsett , Michael Effinger , Ron Eng , Jay Garcia , Jonathan Gaskin , Joby Harris , Scott Howe , Brent Knight , John Krist , David Levine , Mary Li , Doug Lisman , Milan Mandic , Luis Marchen , Colleen Marrese-Reading , Jim McGowen , Andrew Miyaguchi , Rhonda Morgan , Bijan Nemati , Shouleh Nikzad , Joel Nissen , Megan Novicki , Todd Perrine , David Redding , Michael Richards , Mike Rud , Dan Scharf , Gene Serabyn , Stuart Shaklan , Scott Smith , Mark Stahl , Phil Stahl , Hao Tang , David Van Buren , Juan Villalvazo , Steve Warwick , David Webb , Rush Wofford , Jahning Woo , Milana Wood , John Ziemer , Ewan Douglas , Virginie Faramaz , Sergi Hildebrandt , Tiffany Meshkat , Peter Plavchan , Garreth Ruane , Neal Turner
The Habitable Exoplanet Observatory, or HabEx, has been designed to be the Great Observatory of the 2030s. For the first time in human history, technologies have matured sufficiently to enable an affordable space-based telescope mission…
Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics
2020-01-28
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The Decadal Survey on Astronomy and Astrophysics 2020 (Astro2020) has recommended that NASA realize a large IR/O/UV space telescope optimized for high-contrast imaging and spectroscopy of ~25 exo-Earths and transformative general…
Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics
2024-05-27
Caleb K. Harada , Courtney D. Dressing , Stephen R. Kane , Bahareh Adami Ardestani
The upcoming launch of the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) in less than three years is certain to bring a revolution in our understanding of many area of astrophysics, with one of the key goals being galaxy evolution. As the first…
Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics
2015-12-16
Steven L. Finkelstein , James Dunlop , Olivier Le Fevre , Stephen Wilkins
The search for biosignatures in potentially habitable exoplanets is one of the major astrophysics' drivers for the coming decades, and the prime science goal of the HWO NASA mission, a large UV-Optical-IR space telescope to be launched in…
Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics
2024-09-04
Elodie Choquet , Lisa Altinier , Nicolás Godoy , Alexis Lau , Arthur Vigan , David Mary
Habitable Worlds Observatory (HWO) will be NASA's flagship space telescope of the 2040s, designed to search for life on other planets and to transform broad areas of astrophysics. NASA are seeking international partners, and the UK is…
Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics
2025-12-19
Vincent Van Eylen , Richard Massey , Saeeda Awan , Jo Bartlett , Louisa Bradley , Andrei Bubutanu , Kan Chen , Andrew Coates , Mark Cropper , Ross Dobson , Fabiola Antonietta Gerosa , Emery Grahill-Bland , Leah Grant , Daisuke Kawata , Tom Kennedy , Minjae Kim , Adriana Adelina Mihailescu , Jan-Peter Muller , Georgios Nicolaou , Mathew Page , Paola Pinilla , Louisa Preston , Ted Pyne , Hamish Reid , Santiago Velez Salazar , Jason L. Sanders , Giorgio Savini , Ralph Schoenrich , George Seabroke , Alan Smith , Philip J. Smith , Nicolas Tessore , Marina Ventikos , Esa Vilenius , Francesca Waines , Silvia Zane , James Betts , Sownak Bose , Cyril Borgsom , Shaun Cole , Jessica E. Doppel , Vincent Eke , Carlos Frenk , Leo W. H. Fung , Qiuhan He , Mathilde Jauzac , Owen Jessop , Zane Deon Lentz , Gavin Leroy , Simon Morris , Yuan Ren , Jurgen Schmoll , Ray Sharples , Fionagh Thomson , Maximilian von Wietersheim-Kramsta , Kai Wang , Stephane V. Werner , Subhajit Sarkar , Jacob Kegerreis , James Kirk , Subhanjoy Mohanty , John Southworth , John Philip Stott , Ashley King , James W. Nightingale , David Rosario , Paola Tiranti , Edward Gillen , Cynthia S. K. Ho , Christopher Watson , Andrzej Fludra , Chris Pearson , Yun-Hang Cho , Yu Tao , Joanna Barstow , James Bowen , Chris Castelli , Chiaki Crews , Angaraj Duara , Mark Fox-Powell , David Hall , Carole Haswell , Kit-Hung Mark Lee , Joan Requena , Anabel Romero , Jesper Skottfelt , Konstantin Stefanov , Olivia Jones , Sean McGee , Annelies Mortier , Graham P. Smith , Amalie Stokholm , Amaury Triaud , Becky Alexis-Martin , Malcolm Bremer , Katy L. Chubb , Joshua Ford , Ben Maughan , Daniel Valentine , Hannah Wakeford , Juan Paolo Lorenzo Gerardo Barrios , Chandan Bhat , Xander Byrne , Gregory Cooke , Natalie B. Hogg , Nikku Madhusudhan , Maximilian Sommer , Sandro Tacchella , Georgios N. Vassilakis , Nicholas Walton , Mark Wyatt , Manoj Joshi , Beth Biller , Mariangela Bonavita , Trent Dupuy , Aiza Kenzhebekova , Brian P. Murphy , Vincent Okoth , Cyrielle Opitom , Larissa Palethorpe , Paul Palmer , Mia Belle Parkinson , Ken Rice , Sarah Rugheimer , Colin Snodgrass , Ben J. Sutlieff , Souradeep Bhattacharya , Emma Curtis-Lake , Jan Forbrich , Darshan Kakkad , David J. Lagattuta , Brian Ongeri Momanyi Bichang'a , Peter Scicluna , Richard Booth , Martin Barstow , Sarah Casewell , Leigh Fletcher , Anushka Sharma , Christopher J. Conselice , Suzanne Aigrain , Jayne Birkby , Claire Guimond , Carly Howett , Mei Ting Mak , Richard Palin , Chris Pattison , Richard Robinson , Samantha Youles , Andrew Collier Cameron , Justin Read , David John Armstrong , David J. A. Brown , Mikkel N. Lund , Andrew Robertson , Pierre-Olivier Lagage , Lígia F. Coelho , Preethi R. Karpoor , Enric Palle , Leen Decin , Denis Defrère , Kaustubh Hakim , Swara Ravindranath , Jason Rhodes , Marc Postman , Iain Neill Reid , Fabien Malbet , Amirnezam Amiri , Marrick Braam , Qiuhan He , Haakon Dahle , Angharad Weeks
The Habitable Worlds Observatory (HWO) will seek to detect and characterize potentially Earth-like planets around other stars. To ensure that the mission achieves the Astro2020 Decadal's recommended goal of 25 exoEarth candidates (EECs), we…
Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics
2025-02-28
Christopher C. Stark , Bertrand Mennesson , Steve Bryson , Eric B. Ford , Tyler D. Robinson , Ruslan Belikov , Matthew R. Bolcar , Lee D. Feinberg , Olivier Guyon , Natasha Latouf , Avi M. Mandell , Bernard J. Rauscher , Dan Sirbu , Noah W. Tuchow
Exoplanetary science has reached a historic moment. The James Webb Space Telescope will be capable of probing the atmospheres of rocky planets, and perhaps even search for biologically produced gases. However this is contingent on…
Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics
2013-04-29
Amaury H. M. J. Triaud , Michael Gillon , Franck Selsis , Joshua N. Winn , Brice-Olivier Demory , Etienne Artigau , Gregory P. Laughlin , Sara Seager , Christiane Helling , Michel Mayor , Loic Albert , Richard I. Anderson , Emeline Bolmont , Rene Doyon , Thierry Forveille , Janis Hagelberg , Jeremy Leconte , Monika Lendl , Stuart Littlefair , Sean Raymond , Johannes Sahlmann
The James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) will revolutionize our understanding of exoplanets with transit spectroscopy of a wide range of mature planets close to their host stars ($<$2 AU) and with coronagraphic imaging and spectroscopy of…
Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics
2018-03-14
Charles A. Beichman , Tom P. Greene
The Habitable Worlds Observatory is the first telescope ever designed to search for life and will be a powerhouse of discovery across topics in astrophysics. The observatory was the top recommendation of the Astro2020 Decadal Survey for…
Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics
2026-02-03
Lee D. Feinberg , Breann N. Sitarski , Michael W. McElwain , Giada Arney , Caleb Baker , Matthew R. Bolcar , Marie Levine , Alice Liu , Bertrand Mennesson , Aki Roberge , J. Scott Smith , Feng Zhao , John Ziemer
The James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) is a large (6.6m), cold (50K), infrared-optimized space observatory that will be launched early in the next decade. The observatory will have four instruments: a near-infrared camera, a near-infrared…
Astrophysics · Physics
2009-11-11
Jonathan P. Gardner , John C. Mather , Mark Clampin , Rene Doyon , Matthew A. Greenhouse , Heidi B. Hammel , John B. Hutchings , Peter Jakobsen , Simon J. Lilly , Knox S. Long , Jonathan I. Lunine , Mark J. McCaughrean , Matt Mountain , John Nella , George H. Rieke , Marcia J. Rieke , Hans-Walter Rix , Eric P. Smith , George Sonneborn , Massimo Stiavelli , H. S. Stockman , Rogier A. Windhorst , Gillian S. Wright
One of the key goals of the Habitable Worlds Observatory (HWO) is to directly image about 25 potentially habitable exoplanets and determine their properties. This challenge will require a large survey of nearby, bright stars -- ~100…
Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics
2026-01-12
Zachary D. Hartman , Catherine A. Clark , Michael B. Lund , Kathryn V. Lester , José A. Caballero , Steve B. Howell , David Ciardi , Sarah Deveny , Mark E. Everett , Elise Furlan , Venu Kalari , Colin Littlefield , Andrew W. Stephens , Jennifer A. Burt , Guillaume Huber , Rachel Matson , Eric E. Mamajek , Noah Tuchow
The Wide Aperture Exoplanet Telescope (WAET) is a new ground-based optical telescope layout with an extremely asymmetric aperture, which results in new exoplanet imaging reach at very low cost. We suggest that hWAET, a 100x2 telescope, can…
Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics
2019-07-12
Benjamin Monreal , Dominic Oddo , Christian Rodriguez
The James Webb Space Telescope (JWST), currently scheduled to launch in 2021, will dramatically advance our understanding of exoplanetary systems with its ability to directly image and characterise planetary-mass companions at wide…
Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics
2021-04-29
Aarynn L. Carter , Sasha Hinkley , Mariangela Bonavita , Mark W. Phillips , Julien H. Girard , Marshall Perrin , Laurent Pueyo , Arthur Vigan , Jonathan Gagné , Andrew J. I. Skemer
The James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) is a large, infrared space telescope that has recently started its science program which will enable breakthroughs in astrophysics and planetary science. Notably, JWST will provide the very first…
Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics
2023-05-31
Michael W. McElwain , Lee D. Feinberg , Marshall D. Perrin , Mark Clampin , C. Matt Mountain , Matthew D. Lallo , Charles-Philippe Lajoie , Randy A. Kimble , Charles W. Bowers , Christopher C. Stark , D. Scott Acton , Ken Aiello , Charles Atkinson , Beth Barinek , Allison Barto , Scott Basinger , Tracy Beck , Matthew D. Bergkoetter , Marcel Bluth , Rene A. Boucarut , Gregory R. Brady , Keira J. Brooks , Bob Brown , John Byard , Larkin Carey , Maria Carrasquilla , Sid Celeste , Dan Chae , David Chaney , Pierre Chayer , Taylor Chonis , Lester Cohen , Helen J. Cole , Thomas M. Comeau , Matthew Coon , Eric Coppock , Laura Coyle , Rick Davis , Bruce H. Dean , Kenneth J. Dziak , Michael Eisenhower , Nicolas Flagey , Randy Franck , Benjamin Gallagher , Larry Gilman , Tiffany Glassman , Gary Golnik , Joseph J. Green , John Grieco , Shari Haase , Theodore J. Hadjimichael , John G. Hagopian , Walter G. Hahn , George F. Hartig , Keith A. Havey , William L. Hayden , Robert Hellekson , Brian Hicks , Sherie T. Holfeltz , Joseph M. Howard , Jesse A. Huguet , Brian Jahne , Leslie A. Johnson , John D. Johnston , Alden S. Jurling , Jeffrey R. Kegley , Scott Kennard , Ritva A. Keski-Kuha , J. Scott Knight , Bernard A. Kulp , Joshua S. Levi , Marie B. Levine , Paul Lightsey , Robert A. Luetgens , John C. Mather , Gary W. Matthews , Andrew G. McKay , Kimberly I. Mehalick , Marcio Meléndez , Ted Messer , Gary E. Mosier , Jess Murphy , Edmund P. Nelan , Malcolm B. Niedner , Darin M. Noël , Catherine M. Ohara , Raymond G. Ohl , Eugene Olczak , Shannon B. Osborne , Sang Park , Kevin Patton , Charles Perrygo , Laurent Pueyo , Lisbeth Quesnel , Dale Ranck , David C. Redding , Michael W. Regan , Paul Reynolds , Rich Rifelli , Jane R. Rigby , Derek Sabatke , Babak N. Saif , Thomas R. Scorse , Byoung-Joon Seo , Fang Shi , Norbert Sigrist , Koby Smith , J. Scott Smith , Erin C. Smith , Sangmo Tony Sohn , John Spina , H. Philip Stahl , Randal Telfer , Todd Terlecki , Scott C. Texter , David Van Buren , Julie M. Van Campen , Begoña Vila , Mark F. Voyton , Mark Waldman , Chanda B. Walker , Nick Weiser , Conrad Wells , Garrett West , Tony L. Whitman , Eric Wick , Erin Wolf , Greg Young , Thomas P. Zielinski
In support of the National Acadamies' Exoplanet Science Strategy, this whitepaper outlines key technology challenges for studying the diversity of worlds in the Galaxy and in searching for habitable planets. Observations of habitable…
Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics
2018-03-14
Brendan Crill , Nick Siegler , Shawn Domagal-Goldman , Eric Mamajek , Karl Stapelfeldt