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In comparison to the numerous debiasing methods proposed for the static non-contextualised word embeddings, the discriminative biases in contextualised embeddings have received relatively little attention. We propose a fine-tuning method…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-01-26 Masahiro Kaneko , Danushka Bollegala

Pre-trained language models trained on large-scale data have learned serious levels of social biases. Consequently, various methods have been proposed to debias pre-trained models. Debiasing methods need to mitigate only discriminatory bias…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-09-19 Masahiro Kaneko , Danushka Bollegala , Naoaki Okazaki

Many studies have shown various biases targeting different demographic groups in language models, amplifying discrimination and harming fairness. Recent parameter modification debiasing approaches significantly degrade core capabilities…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-01 Dianqing Liu , Yi Liu , Guoqing Jin , Zhendong Mao

Societal biases present in pre-trained large language models are a critical issue as these models have been shown to propagate biases in countless downstream applications, rendering them unfair towards specific groups of people. Since…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-06-08 Himanshu Thakur , Atishay Jain , Praneetha Vaddamanu , Paul Pu Liang , Louis-Philippe Morency

Language models frequently inherit societal biases from their training data. Numerous techniques have been proposed to mitigate these biases during both the pre-training and fine-tuning stages. However, fine-tuning a pre-trained debiased…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-03 Shahed Masoudian , Markus Frohmann , Navid Rekabsaz , Markus Schedl

As language models are increasingly included in human-facing machine learning tools, bias against demographic subgroups has gained attention. We propose FineDeb, a two-phase debiasing framework for language models that starts with…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-02-07 Akash Saravanan , Dhruv Mullick , Habibur Rahman , Nidhi Hegde

Recent studies have shown that generative language models often reflect and amplify societal biases in their outputs. However, these studies frequently conflate observed biases with other task-specific shortcomings, such as comprehension…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-17 Akshita Jha , Sanchit Kabra , Chandan K. Reddy

Machine learning models have been shown to inherit biases from their training datasets. This can be particularly problematic for vision-language foundation models trained on uncurated datasets scraped from the internet. The biases can be…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-05-16 Ching-Yao Chuang , Varun Jampani , Yuanzhen Li , Antonio Torralba , Stefanie Jegelka

It is well known that textual data on the internet and other digital platforms contain significant levels of bias and stereotypes. Although many such texts contain stereotypes and biases that inherently exist in natural language for reasons…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-01-24 Ewoenam Kwaku Tokpo , Toon Calders

Gender bias exists in natural language datasets which neural language models tend to learn, resulting in biased text generation. In this research, we propose a debiasing approach based on the loss function modification. We introduce a new…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-06-05 Yusu Qian , Urwa Muaz , Ben Zhang , Jae Won Hyun

Debiasing methods that seek to mitigate the tendency of Language Models (LMs) to occasionally output toxic or inappropriate text have recently gained traction. In this paper, we propose a standardized protocol which distinguishes methods…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-24 Robert Morabito , Jad Kabbara , Ali Emami

As machine learning methods are deployed in real-world settings such as healthcare, legal systems, and social science, it is crucial to recognize how they shape social biases and stereotypes in these sensitive decision-making processes.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-06-25 Paul Pu Liang , Chiyu Wu , Louis-Philippe Morency , Ruslan Salakhutdinov

Machine learning models are trained to find patterns in data. NLP models can inadvertently learn socially undesirable patterns when training on gender biased text. In this work, we propose a general framework that decomposes gender bias in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-05-05 Emily Dinan , Angela Fan , Ledell Wu , Jason Weston , Douwe Kiela , Adina Williams

Large Language Models (LLMs) are powerful tools with the potential to benefit society immensely, yet, they have demonstrated biases that perpetuate societal inequalities. Despite significant advancements in bias mitigation techniques using…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-09-24 Deonna M. Owens , Ryan A. Rossi , Sungchul Kim , Tong Yu , Franck Dernoncourt , Xiang Chen , Ruiyi Zhang , Jiuxiang Gu , Hanieh Deilamsalehy , Nedim Lipka

Multilingual Pre-trained Language Models (MPLMs) have become essential tools for natural language processing. However, they often exhibit biases related to sensitive attributes such as gender, race, and religion. In this paper, we introduce…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-06 Haoyu Liang , Peijian Zeng , Wentao Huang , Aimin Yang , Dong Zhou

Distributional word vectors have recently been shown to encode many of the human biases, most notably gender and racial biases, and models for attenuating such biases have consequently been proposed. However, existing models and studies (1)…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-01-06 Anne Lauscher , Goran Glavaš , Simone Paolo Ponzetto , Ivan Vulić

Numerous debiasing techniques have been proposed to mitigate the gender bias that is prevalent in pretrained language models. These are often evaluated on datasets that check the extent to which the model is gender-neutral in its…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-24 Mahdi Zakizadeh , Kaveh Eskandari Miandoab , Mohammad Taher Pilehvar

Recent studies have revealed that the widely-used Pre-trained Language Models (PLMs) propagate societal biases from the large unmoderated pre-training corpora. Existing solutions require debiasing training processes and datasets for…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-07-25 Somayeh Ghanbarzadeh , Yan Huang , Hamid Palangi , Radames Cruz Moreno , Hamed Khanpour

Large language models (LLMs) trained on vast corpora suffer from inevitable stereotype biases. Mitigating these biases with fine-tuning could be both costly and data-hungry. Model editing methods, which focus on modifying LLMs in a post-hoc…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-22 Jianhao Yan , Futing Wang , Yafu Li , Yue Zhang

Word embeddings learnt from massive text collections have demonstrated significant levels of discriminative biases such as gender, racial or ethnic biases, which in turn bias the down-stream NLP applications that use those word embeddings.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-06-04 Masahiro Kaneko , Danushka Bollegala
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