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Machine learning models have traditionally been developed under the assumption that the training and test distributions match exactly. However, recent success in few-shot learning and related problems are encouraging signs that these models…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2020-10-15 James Lucas , Mengye Ren , Irene Kameni , Toniann Pitassi , Richard Zemel

Nowadays this is very popular to use deep architectures in machine learning. Deep Belief Networks (DBNs) are deep architectures that use stack of Restricted Boltzmann Machines (RBM) to create a powerful generative model using training data.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2015-08-21 Mohammad Ali Keyvanrad , Mohammad Mehdi Homayounpour

Denoising Diffusion Probabilistic Models (DDPM) are powerful state-of-the-art methods used to generate synthetic data from high-dimensional data distributions and are widely used for image, audio, and video generation as well as many more…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-04-25 Iskander Azangulov , George Deligiannidis , Judith Rousseau

Diffusion models have emerged as an expressive family of generative models rivaling GANs in sample quality and autoregressive models in likelihood scores. Standard diffusion models typically require hundreds of forward passes through the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-02-14 Daniel Watson , William Chan , Jonathan Ho , Mohammad Norouzi

Deep learning has become a popular tool for medical image analysis, but the limited availability of training data remains a major challenge, particularly in the medical field where data acquisition can be costly and subject to privacy…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-06-11 Aghiles Kebaili , Jérôme Lapuyade-Lahorgue , Su Ruan

In recent years there has been an increasing interest in learning Bayesian networks from data. One of the most effective methods for learning such networks is based on the minimum description length (MDL) principle. Previous work has shown…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2013-02-18 Nir Friedman , Zohar Yakhini

Classifier-guided diffusion models have emerged as a powerful approach for conditional image generation, but they suffer from overconfident predictions during early denoising steps, causing the guidance gradient to vanish. This paper…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-23 Seyed Alireza Javid , Amirhossein Bagheri , Nuria González-Prelcic

Marine obstacle detection demands robust segmentation under challenging conditions, such as sun glitter, fog, and rapidly changing wave patterns. These factors degrade image quality, while the scarcity and structural repetition of marine…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-17 Miaohua Zhang , Mohammad Ali Armin , Xuesong Li , Sisi Liang , Lars Petersson , Changming Sun , David Ahmedt-Aristizabal , Zeeshan Hayder

We present an novel framework for efficiently and effectively extending the powerful continuous diffusion processes to discrete modeling. Previous approaches have suffered from the discrepancy between discrete data and continuous modeling.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-31 Yuxuan Gu , Xiaocheng Feng , Lei Huang , Yingsheng Wu , Zekun Zhou , Weihong Zhong , Kun Zhu , Bing Qin

Diffusion models without guidance generate very unrealistic samples. Guidance is used ubiquitously, and previous research has attributed its effect to low-temperature sampling that improves quality by trading off diversity. However, this…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-11 Shanchuan Lin , Xiao Yang

Diffusion language models have emerged as a promising approach for text generation. One would naturally expect this method to be an efficient replacement for autoregressive models since multiple tokens can be sampled in parallel during each…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-10 Guhao Feng , Yihan Geng , Jian Guan , Wei Wu , Liwei Wang , Di He

Real-world datasets are inherently heterogeneous, yet how per-class structural differences and sampling imbalance shape the training dynamics of diffusion models-and potentially exacerbate disparities-remains poorly understood. While models…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-05-08 Flavio Nicoletti , Chenxiao Ma , Enrico Ventura , Luca Saglietti , Stefano Sarao Mannelli

Statistical learning theory has largely focused on learning and generalization given independent and identically distributed (i.i.d.) samples. Motivated by applications involving time-series data, there has been a growing literature on…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-06-24 Yuval Dagan , Constantinos Daskalakis , Nishanth Dikkala , Siddhartha Jayanti

Diffusion models generate samples by iteratively querying learned score estimates. A rapidly growing literature focuses on accelerating sampling by minimizing the number of score evaluations, yet the information-theoretic limits of such…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Zhiyang Xun , Eric Price

Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs) have been used to model the underlying probability distribution of sample based datasets. GANs are notoriuos for training difficulties and their dependence on arbitrary hyperparameters. One recent…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-10-03 Thomas Pinetz , Daniel Soukup , Thomas Pock

Diffusion models have gained traction as powerful algorithms for synthesizing high-quality images. Central to these algorithms is the diffusion process, a set of equations which maps data to noise in a way that can significantly affect…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-12 Subham Sekhar Sahoo , Aaron Gokaslan , Chris De Sa , Volodymyr Kuleshov

Deep reinforcement learning has shown remarkable success in the past few years. Highly complex sequential decision making problems have been solved in tasks such as game playing and robotics. Unfortunately, the sample complexity of most…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-12-03 Aske Plaat , Walter Kosters , Mike Preuss

The blooming diffusion probabilistic models (DPMs) have garnered significant interest due to their impressive performance and the elegant inspiration they draw from physics. While earlier DPMs relied upon the Markovian assumption, recent…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-12-12 Bowen Sun , Shibao Zheng

This paper explores the problem of generative modeling, aiming to simulate diverse examples from an unknown distribution based on observed examples. While recent studies have focused on quantifying the statistical precision of popular…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2024-06-07 Elen Vardanyan , Sona Hunanyan , Tigran Galstyan , Arshak Minasyan , Arnak Dalalyan

Discriminative self-supervised learning allows training models on any random group of internet images, and possibly recover salient information that helps differentiate between the images. Applied to ImageNet, this leads to object centric…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-02-23 Priya Goyal , Quentin Duval , Isaac Seessel , Mathilde Caron , Ishan Misra , Levent Sagun , Armand Joulin , Piotr Bojanowski
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