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On the basis of the perturbation theory in the fine structure constant $\alpha$ and the ratio of the electron to muon masses we calculate one-loop vacuum polarization and electron vertex corrections and the nuclear structure corrections to…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2008-11-26 A. A. Krutov , A. P. Martynenko

Hyperfine structure (HFS) of atomic energy levels arises due to interactions of atomic electrons with a hierarchy of nuclear multipole moments, including magnetic dipole, electric quadrupole and higher rank moments. Recently, a…

We present a detailed derivation of the QED effects of order $\alpha^7\,m$ to the hyperfine structure (hfs) of the $^3S$ states of helium-like ions and perform numerical calculations for $^6$Li$^+$ and $^7$Li$^+$. By comparing the…

Atomic Physics · Physics 2023-10-31 Krzysztof Pachucki , Vojtěch Patkóš , Vladimir A. Yerokhin

Hyperfine intervals in light hydrogenic atoms and ions are among the most accurately measured quantities in physics. The theory of QED corrections has recently advanced to the point that uncalculated terms for hydrogenic atoms and ions are…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2014-11-18 J. L. Friar , G. L. Payne

We investigate the impact of the quantum effects of protons on the electronic structure of high-pressure H$_3$S, a benchmark hydrogen-rich superconductor with a critical temperature ($T_c$) exceeding 200 K. Using Nuclear-Electronic Orbital…

Computational Physics · Physics 2026-04-07 Jianhang Xu , Aaron M. Schankler , Yosuke Kanai

Nuclear structure corrections to energy levels of light muonic atoms are derived with particular attention to the nuclear mass dependence. The obtained result for the 2P-2S transition of 1.717(19) meV serves for determination of the nuclear…

Atomic Physics · Physics 2015-05-20 Krzysztof Pachucki , Albert Wienczek

Predictions for the two-photon exchange (TPE) correction to unpolarized $ep$ elastic cross section, obtained within two different approaches, are confronted and discussed in detail. In the first one the TPE correction is extracted from…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2014-01-01 Krzysztof M. Graczyk

We review the role of two-photon exchange (TPE) in electron-hadron scattering, focusing in particular on hadronic frameworks suitable for describing the low and moderate Q^2 region relevant to most experimental studies. We discuss the…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2015-05-28 J. Arrington , P. G. Blunden , W. Melnitchouk

The study of highly charged electronic and muonic hydrogen-like ions, provides an intriguing way to probe the internal structure of their atomic nuclei. In this work, we use nuclear structure calculations to accurately calculate the…

Two-photon exchange (TPE) is one of the leading explanations for discrepancies in measurements of the proton electromagnetic form factors. It has been proposed that TPE could impact not only elastic scattering, but also the cross sections…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2026-01-07 Henry T. Klest

Muonic helium atom hyperfine structure (HFS) measurements are a sensitive tool to test the three-body atomic system and bound-state quantum electrodynamics theory, and determine fundamental constants of the negative muon magnetic moment and…

Calculations of the magnetic hyperfine structure rely on the input of nuclear properties -- nuclear magnetic moments and nuclear magnetization distributions -- as well as quantum electrodynamic (QED) radiative corrections for high-accuracy…

Atomic Physics · Physics 2018-09-19 J. S. M. Ginges , A. V. Volotka

QED theory of the hyperfine splitting of the $1s$ and $2s$ state in hydrogen isotopes and helium-3 ion is considered. We develop an accurate theory of a specific difference 8E_{HFS}(2s)-E_{HFS}(1s). We take into account fourth order…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2009-11-07 Savely G. Karshenboim , Vladimir G. Ivanov

The hydrogen-like muonium atom ($\mu^+e^-$) consists of a positive muon ($\mu^+$) and an electron ($e^-$). Since it was first observed by Hughes et al. in 1960, a series of precision experiments could be carried out testing bound state…

Atomic Physics · Physics 2016-09-08 K. Jungmann

We present an exact analytical evaluation of the two-photon exchange (TPE) correction to the elastic lepton-proton differential scattering cross section at low-energies within the framework of heavy-baryon chiral perturbation theory. Our…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2026-01-22 Rakshanda Goswami , Pulak Talukdar , Bhoomika Das , Udit Raha , Fred Myhrer

The ground state hyperfine splitting of positronium $\Delta_{\mathrm{HFS}}$ is sensitive to high order corrections of quantum electrodynamics (QED) in bound state. The theoretical prediction and the averaged experimental value for…

High Energy Physics - Experiment · Physics 2014-06-10 A. Ishida , T. Namba , S. Asai , T. Kobayashi , H. Saito , M. Yoshida , K. Tanaka , A. Yamamoto

Advances in laser spectroscopy of superheavy ($Z>100$) elements enabled determination of the nuclear moments of the heaviest nuclei, which requires high-precision atomic calculations of the relevant hyperfine structure (HFS) constants.…

Atomic Physics · Physics 2018-12-05 S. G. Porsev , M. S. Safronova , U. I. Safronova , V. A. Dzuba , V. V. Flambaum

Motivated by experimental data at large momentum transfer we update the analysis of the two-photon exchange effect in the electron-nucleon scattering using the effective field theory formalism. Our approach is suitable for describing the…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2024-12-13 Nikolay Kivel

We relate the forward two-photon exchange (TPE) amplitudes to integrals of the inclusive lepton-proton scattering cross sections. These relations yield an alternative way for the evaluation of the TPE correction to hyperfine-splitting (HFS)…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2017-09-22 Oleksandr Tomalak

On the basis of the perturbation theory in the fine structure constant $\alpha$ and the ratio of the electron to muon masses we calculate one-loop vacuum polarization and electron vertex corrections and the nuclear structure corrections to…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2011-04-28 A. A. Krutov , A. P. Martynenko