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Advances in quantum computing increasingly threaten the security and privacy of data protected by current cryptosystems, particularly those relying on public-key cryptography. In response, the international cybersecurity community has…
Fault-tolerant quantum computation (FTQC) is essential to implement quantum algorithms in a noise-resilient way, and thus to enjoy advantages of quantum computers even with presence of noise. In FTQC, a quantum circuit is decomposed into…
It has been established that quantum algorithms can solve several key cryptographic problems more efficiently than classical computers. As progress continues in the field of quantum computing it is important to understand the risks they…
While quantum computing holds immense potential for tackling previously intractable problems, its current practicality remains limited. A critical aspect of realizing quantum utility is the ability to efficiently interface with data from…
Quantum computing holds the promise of solving problems intractable for classical computers, but practical large-scale quantum computation requires error correction to protect against errors. Fault-tolerant quantum computing (FTQC) enables…
Quantum Error Correction (QEC) codes store information reliably in logical qubits by encoding them in a larger number of less reliable qubits. The surface code, known for its high resilience to physical errors, is a leading candidate for…
The demonstration of quantum error correction (QEC) is one of the most important milestones in the realization of fully-fledged quantum computers. Toward this, QEC experiments using the surface codes have recently been actively conducted.…
Quantum computer is no longer a hypothetical idea. It is the worlds most important technology and there is a race among countries to get supremacy in quantum technology. Its the technology that will reduce the computing time from years to…
This research note II introduces a way to understand a basic concept of the quantum enigma cipher. The conventional cipher is designed by a mathematical algorithm and its security is evaluated by the complexity of the algorithm in security…
The overhead of quantum error correction (QEC) poses a major bottleneck for realizing fault-tolerant computation. To reduce this overhead, we exploit the idea of erasure qubits, relying on an efficient conversion of the dominant noise into…
Error-correcting codes were invented to correct errors on noisy communication channels. Quantum error correction (QEC), however, may have a wider range of uses, including information transmission, quantum simulation/computation, and…
The remarkable discovery of Quantum Error Correction (QEC), which can overcome the errors experienced by a bit of quantum information (qubit), was a critical advance that gives hope for eventually realizing practical quantum computers. In…
A critical milestone for quantum computers is to demonstrate fault-tolerant computation that outperforms computation on physical qubits. The tesseract subsystem color code protects four logical qubits in 16 physical qubits, to distance…
Quantum error correction codes (QECCs) are critical for realizing reliable quantum computing by protecting fragile quantum states against noise and errors. However, limited research has analyzed the noise resilience of QECCs to help select…
This paper proves the threshold result, which asserts that quantum computation can be made robust against errors and inaccuracies, when the error rate, $\eta$, is smaller than a constant threshold, $\eta_c$. The result holds for a very…
Quantum technologies work by utilizing properties inherent in quantum systems such as quantum coherence and quantum entanglement and are expected to be superior to classical counterparts for solving certain problems in science and…
Exploring an efficient and scalable architecture of fault-tolerant quantum computing (FTQC) is vital for demonstrating useful quantum computing. Here, we propose and evaluate a scalable and practical architecture with a…
Quantum computing is an emerging paradigm with the potential to transform numerous application areas by addressing problems considered intractable in the classical domain. However, its integration into cyberspace introduces significant…
Large-scale quantum computers promise transformative speedups, but their viability hinges on fast and reliable quantum error correction (QEC). At the center of QEC are decoders-classical algorithms running on hardware such as FPGAs, GPUs,…
The advent of quantum computing poses a profound threat to traditional cryptographic systems, exposing vulnerabilities that compromise the security of digital communication channels reliant on RSA, ECC, and similar classical encryption…