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While emerging 3D medical foundation models are envisioned as versatile tools with offer general-purpose capabilities, their validation remains largely confined to regional and structural imaging, leaving a significant modality discrepancy…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Yichi Zhang , Feiyang Xiao , Le Xue , Wenbo Zhang , Gang Feng , Chenguang Zheng , Yuan Qi , Yuan Cheng , Zixin Hu

We present ENSAM (Equivariant, Normalized, Segment Anything Model), a lightweight and promptable model for universal 3D medical image segmentation. ENSAM combines a SegResNet-based encoder with a prompt encoder and mask decoder in a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-22 Elias Stenhede , Agnar Martin Bjørnstad , Arian Ranjbar

Transformers have demonstrated remarkable performance in natural language processing and computer vision. However, existing vision Transformers struggle to learn from limited medical data and are unable to generalize on diverse medical…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-04-06 Yunhe Gao , Mu Zhou , Di Liu , Zhennan Yan , Shaoting Zhang , Dimitris N. Metaxas

Positron emission tomography (PET) is a key nuclear medicine imaging modality that visualizes radiotracer distributions to quantify in vivo physiological and metabolic processes, playing an irreplaceable role in disease management. Despite…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-13 Yichi Zhang , Le Xue , Wenbo Zhang , Lanlan Li , Feiyang Xiao , Yuchen Liu , Xiaohui Zhang , Hongwei Zhang , Shuqi Wang , Gang Feng , Liling Peng , Xin Gao , Yuanfan Xu , Yuan Qi , Kuangyu Shi , Hong Zhang , Yuan Cheng , Mei Tian , Zixin Hu

Due to low tissue contrast, irregular object appearance, and unpredictable location variation, segmenting the objects from different medical imaging modalities (e.g., CT, MR) is considered as an important yet challenging task. In this…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-05-10 Jinquan Sun , Yinghuan Shi , Yang Gao , Lei Wang , Luping Zhou , Wanqi Yang , Dinggang Shen

Due to the inherent flexibility of prompting, foundation models have emerged as the predominant force in the fields of natural language processing and computer vision. The recent introduction of the Segment Anything Model (SAM) signifies a…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-01-09 Yichi Zhang , Zhenrong Shen , Rushi Jiao

Foundation models have taken over natural language processing and image generation domains due to the flexibility of prompting. With the recent introduction of the Segment Anything Model (SAM), this prompt-driven paradigm has entered image…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-04-13 Saikat Roy , Tassilo Wald , Gregor Koehler , Maximilian R. Rokuss , Nico Disch , Julius Holzschuh , David Zimmerer , Klaus H. Maier-Hein

Medical image segmentation plays a critical role in clinical decision-making, treatment planning, and disease monitoring. However, accurate segmentation of medical images is challenging due to several factors, such as the lack of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-08-01 Zihan Li , Yuan Zheng , Xiangde Luo , Dandan Shan , Qingqi Hong

This work presents a novel framework for few-shot 3D part segmentation. Recent advances have demonstrated the significant potential of 2D foundation models for low-shot 3D part segmentation. However, it is still an open problem that how to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-19 Yueyang Hu , Haiyong Jiang , Haoxuan Song , Jun Xiao , Hao Pan

Recent advancements in foundation models have shown significant potential in medical image analysis. However, there is still a gap in models specifically designed for medical image localization. To address this, we introduce MedLAM, a 3D…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-10 Wenhui Lei , Xu Wei , Xiaofan Zhang , Kang Li , Shaoting Zhang

Image segmentation is a key topic in image processing and computer vision with applications such as scene understanding, medical image analysis, robotic perception, video surveillance, augmented reality, and image compression, among many…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-11-17 Shervin Minaee , Yuri Boykov , Fatih Porikli , Antonio Plaza , Nasser Kehtarnavaz , Demetri Terzopoulos

The advancement of artificial intelligence (AI) for organ segmentation and tumor detection is propelled by the growing availability of computed tomography (CT) datasets with detailed, per-voxel annotations. However, these AI models often…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-05-29 Jie Liu , Yixiao Zhang , Kang Wang , Mehmet Can Yavuz , Xiaoxi Chen , Yixuan Yuan , Haoliang Li , Yang Yang , Alan Yuille , Yucheng Tang , Zongwei Zhou

The Segment Anything Model (SAM) represents a state-of-the-art research advancement in natural image segmentation, achieving impressive results with input prompts such as points and bounding boxes. However, our evaluation and recent…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-08-31 Junlong Cheng , Jin Ye , Zhongying Deng , Jianpin Chen , Tianbin Li , Haoyu Wang , Yanzhou Su , Ziyan Huang , Jilong Chen , Lei Jiang , Hui Sun , Junjun He , Shaoting Zhang , Min Zhu , Yu Qiao

Accurate delineation of anatomical structures in volumetric CT scans is crucial for diagnosis and treatment planning. While AI has advanced automated segmentation, current approaches typically target individual structures, creating a…

Due to the flexibility of prompting, foundation models have become the dominant force in the domains of natural language processing and image generation. With the recent introduction of the Segment Anything Model (SAM), the prompt-driven…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-08-14 Yichi Zhang , Rushi Jiao

Medical image segmentation is crucial for many healthcare tasks, including disease diagnosis and treatment planning. One key area is the segmentation of skin lesions, which is vital for diagnosing skin cancer and monitoring patients. In…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-22 Salah Eddine Bekhouche , Gaby Maroun , Fadi Dornaika , Abdenour Hadid

Our work expands the use of capsule networks to the task of object segmentation for the first time in the literature. This is made possible via the introduction of locally-constrained routing and transformation matrix sharing, which reduces…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-12-14 Rodney LaLonde , Ziyue Xu , Ismail Irmakci , Sanjay Jain , Ulas Bagci

Foundation models for image segmentation have shown strong generalization in natural images, yet their applicability to 3D medical imaging remains limited. In this work, we study the zero-shot use of Segment Anything Model 2 (SAM2) for…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-25 Miquel Lopez Escoriza , Pau Amargant Alvarez

The segmentation foundation model, e.g., Segment Anything Model (SAM), has attracted increasing interest in the medical image community. Early pioneering studies primarily concentrated on assessing and improving SAM's performance from the…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-06-19 Qin Li , Yizhe Zhang , Yan Li , Jun Lyu , Meng Liu , Longyu Sun , Mengting Sun , Qirong Li , Wenyue Mao , Xinran Wu , Yajing Zhang , Yinghua Chu , Shuo Wang , Chengyan Wang

Medical image segmentation is vital for clinical diagnosis and quantitative analysis, yet remains challenging due to the heterogeneity of imaging modalities and the high cost of pixel-level annotations. Although general interactive…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-24 Yujie Lu , Jingwen Li , Sibo Ju , Yanzhou Su , he yao , Yisong Liu , Min Zhu , Junlong Cheng