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Fine-tuning is often necessary to enhance the adaptability of Large Language Models (LLM) to downstream tasks. Nonetheless, the process of updating billions of parameters demands significant computational resources and training time, which…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-21 Tongxu Luo , Jiahe Lei , Fangyu Lei , Weihao Liu , Shizhu He , Jun Zhao , Kang Liu

Continual table semantic parsing aims to train a parser on a sequence of tasks, where each task requires the parser to translate natural language into SQL based on task-specific tables but only offers limited training examples. Conventional…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-10 Yongrui Chen , Shenyu Zhang , Guilin Qi , Xinnan Guo

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated considerable proficiency in general natural language processing (NLP) tasks. Instruction tuning, a successful paradigm, enhances the ability of LLMs to follow natural language instructions and…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-09-25 Haoyuan Wu , Haisheng Zheng , Zhuolun He , Bei Yu

Parameter-efficient fine-tuning (PEFT) is a highly effective approach for adapting large pre-trained models to downstream tasks with minimal computational overhead. At the core, PEFT methods freeze most parameters and only trains a small…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-20 Shiyun Xu , Zhiqi Bu

Adapting pre-trained large language models (LLMs) is crucial but challenging due to their enormous size. Parameter-efficient fine-tuning (PEFT) techniques typically employ additive adapters applied to frozen model weights. To further reduce…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-05 Tianyi Zhang , Junda Su , Aditya Desai , Oscar Wu , Zhaozhuo Xu , Anshumali Shrivastava

One-size-fits-all large language models (LLMs) are increasingly being used to help people with their writing. However, the style these models are trained to write in may not suit all users or use cases. LLMs would be more useful as writing…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-09-10 Xinyue Liu , Harshita Diddee , Daphne Ippolito

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated transformative potential in reshaping the world. As these models are pretrained on general corpora, they often require domain-specific fine-tuning to optimize performance in specialized…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-06 Yidong Chai , Yang Liu , Yonghang Zhou , Jiaheng Xie , Daniel Dajun Zeng

Adapting vision transformer foundation models through parameter-efficient fine-tuning (PEFT) methods has become increasingly popular. These methods optimize a limited subset of parameters, enabling efficient adaptation without the need to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-02 Son Thai Ly , Hien V. Nguyen

Visual Parameter-Efficient Fine-Tuning (PEFT) has become a powerful alternative for full fine-tuning so as to adapt pre-trained vision models to downstream tasks, which only tunes a small number of parameters while freezing the vast…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-09-01 Haoyu He , Jianfei Cai , Jing Zhang , Dacheng Tao , Bohan Zhuang

Large pretrained language models are widely used in downstream NLP tasks via task-specific fine-tuning, but such procedures can be costly. Recently, Parameter-Efficient Fine-Tuning (PEFT) methods have achieved strong task performance while…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-01-30 Han Zhou , Xingchen Wan , Ivan Vulić , Anna Korhonen

Parameter Efficient Fine-Tuning (PEFT) methods have been extensively utilized in Large Language Models (LLMs) to improve the down-streaming tasks without the cost of fine-tuing the whole LLMs. Recent studies have shown how to effectively…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-15 Zhiyuan Peng , Xuyang Wu , Qifan Wang , Sravanthi Rajanala , Yi Fang

Fine-tuning pre-trained language models for downstream tasks has achieved impressive results in NLP. However, fine-tuning all parameters becomes impractical due to the rapidly increasing size of model parameters. To address this, Parameter…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-09-23 Geyuan Zhang , Xiaofei Zhou , Chuheng Chen

Parameter-Efficient Fine-Tuning (PEFT) has become a key strategy for adapting large language models, with recent advances in sparse tuning reducing overhead by selectively updating key parameters or subsets of data. Existing approaches…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-11 Kai Yao , Zhenghan Song , Kaixin Wu , Mingjie Zhong , Danzhao Cheng , Zhaorui Tan , Yixin Ji , Penglei Gao

LoRA and its variants have become popular parameter-efficient fine-tuning (PEFT) methods due to their ability to avoid excessive computational costs. However, an accuracy gap often exists between PEFT methods and full fine-tuning (FT), and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-20 Haoze He , Juncheng Billy Li , Xuan Jiang , Heather Miller

Parameter-efficient fine-tuning (PEFT) methods have emerged as a practical solution for adapting large foundation models to downstream tasks, reducing computational and memory costs by updating only a small subset of parameters. Among them,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-30 Guoan Wan , Tianyu Chen , Fangzheng Feng , Haoyi Zhou , Runhua Xu

Large Language Models (LLMs) have become indispensable in numerous real-world applications. However, fine-tuning these models at scale, especially in federated settings where data privacy and communication efficiency are critical, presents…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-10 Yao Shu , Wenyang Hu , See-Kiong Ng , Bryan Kian Hsiang Low , Fei Richard Yu

Parameter-Efficient Fine-Tuning (PEFT) has become a dominant paradigm for deploying LLMs in multi-task scenarios due to its extreme parameter efficiency. While Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) based LoRA variants have achieved promising results by…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-16 Jia-Chen Zhang , Zhen-Wei Yan , Yu-Jie Xiong , Chun-Ming Xia

MoE-PEFT methods combine Mixture of Experts with parameter-efficient fine-tuning for multi-task adaptation, but require separate adapters per expert causing trainable parameters to scale linearly with expert count and limiting applicability…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-06 Md Kowsher , Haris Mansoor , Nusrat Jahan Prottasha , Ozlem Garibay , Victor Zhu , Zhengping Ji , Chen Chen

Federated learning (FL) has emerged as a promising paradigm for enabling the collaborative training of models without centralized access to the raw data on local devices. In the typical FL paradigm (e.g., FedAvg), model weights are sent to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-25 Guangyu Sun , Umar Khalid , Matias Mendieta , Pu Wang , Chen Chen

Pre-trained language models (PLMs) show impressive performance in various downstream NLP tasks. However, pre-training large language models demands substantial memory and training compute. Furthermore, due to the substantial resources…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-01 HyunJin Kim , Young Jin Kim , JinYeong Bak