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The emerging field of quantum computing has shown it might change how we process information by using the unique principles of quantum mechanics. As researchers continue to push the boundaries of quantum technologies to unprecedented…

The rapid growth of AI, data-intensive science, and digital twin technologies has driven an unprecedented demand for high-performance computing (HPC) across the research ecosystem. While national laboratories and industrial hyperscalers…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-06-25 Peng Shu , Junhao Chen , Zhengliang Liu , Huaqin Zhao , Xinliang Li , Tianming Liu

Quantum Computing is a new and exciting field at the intersection of mathematics, computer science and physics. It concerns a utilization of quantum mechanics to improve the efficiency of computation. Here we present a gentle introduction…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-08-03 Noson S. Yanofsky

Can cloud computing infrastructures provide HPC-competitive performance for scientific applications broadly? Despite prolific related literature, this question remains open. Answers are crucial for designing future systems and democratizing…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2021-03-09 Giulia Guidi , Marquita Ellis , Aydin Buluc , Katherine Yelick , David Culler

Turning principles into practice is one of the most pressing challenges of artificial intelligence (AI) governance. In this article, we reflect on a novel governance initiative by one of the world's largest AI conferences. In 2020, the…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2021-06-22 Carina Prunkl , Carolyn Ashurst , Markus Anderljung , Helena Webb , Jan Leike , Allan Dafoe

Research in compute resource management for cloud-native applications is dominated by the problem of setting optimal CPU limits -- a fundamental OS mechanism that strictly restricts a container's CPU usage to its specified CPU-limits .…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-10-23 Chirag Shetty , Sarthak Chakraborty , Hubertus Franke , Larisa Shwartz , Chandra Narayanaswami , Indranil Gupta , Saurabh Jha

With the advent of the Internet-of-Things (IoT) era, the ever-increasing number of devices and emerging applications have triggered the need for ubiquitous connectivity and more efficient computing paradigms. These stringent demands have…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2021-06-28 Malong Ke , Zhen Gao , Yang Huang , Guoru Ding , Derrick Wing Kwan Ng , Qihui Wu , Jun Zhang

Quantum computing is rapidly advancing toward cloud-based services, raising significant concerns about the privacy and security of computations outsourced to untrusted quantum servers. Universal Blind Quantum Computation (UBQC) protocols…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-08-07 Youngkyung Lee , Doyoung Chung

Open source projects have made incredible progress in producing transparent and widely usable machine learning models and systems, but open source alone will face challenges in fully democratizing access to AI. Unlike software, AI models…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-07-15 Joshua Tan , Nicholas Vincent , Katherine Elkins , Magnus Sahlgren

This paper introduces Artificial Intelligence Clinics on Mobile (AICOM), an open-source project devoted to answering the United Nations Sustainable Development Goal 3 (SDG3) on health, which represents a universal recognition that health is…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-06-21 Tim Tianyi Yang , Tom Tianze Yang , Na An , Ao Kong , Shaoshan Liu , Steve Xue Liu

Transiently Powered Computers (TPCs) are novel devices that are battery-less and operate using only ambient energy. Therefore TPCs are prone to frequent power interruptions, and such the need for developing TPC-centric algorithms is a…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2016-06-27 Henko Aantjes , Amjad Y. Majid , Przemysław Pawełczak

Quantum computation is an emerging technology that promises to be a powerful tool in many areas. Though some years likely still remain until significant quantum advantage is demonstrated, the development of the technology has led to a range…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2020-12-04 James R. Wootton

Developing human-controllable artificial intelligence (AI) and achieving meaningful human control (MHC) has become a vital principle to address these challenges, ensuring ethical alignment and effective governance in AI. MHC is also a…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-02-20 Chengke Liu , Wei Xu

Background: The huge quantity of data produced in Biomedical research needs sophisticated algorithmic methodologies for its storage, analysis, and processing. High Performance Computing (HPC) appears as a magic bullet in this challenge.…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2016-10-19 Gianni D'Angelo , Salvatore Rampone

Designing wise AI policy is a grand challenge for society. To design such policy, policymakers should place a premium on rigorous evidence and scientific consensus. While several mechanisms exist for evidence generation, and nascent…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-02 Rishi Bommasani

This paper provides policy recommendations to reduce extinction risks from advanced artificial intelligence (AI). First, we briefly provide background information about extinction risks from AI. Second, we argue that voluntary commitments…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Andrea Miotti

While past information technology (IT) advances have transformed society, future advances hold even greater promise. For example, we have only just begun to reap the changes from artificial intelligence (AI), especially machine learning…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2021-01-06 Thomas M. Conte , Ian T. Foster , William Gropp , Mark D. Hill

OpenCUBE aims to develop an open-source full software stack for Cloud computing blueprint deployed on EPI hardware, adaptable to emerging workloads across the computing continuum. OpenCUBE prioritizes energy awareness and utilizes open…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2024-10-15 Ivy Peng , Martin Schulz , Utz-Uwe Haus , Craig Prunty , Pedro Marcuello , Emanuele Danovaro , Gabin Schieffer , Jacob Wahlgren , Daniel Medeiros , Philipp Friese , Stefano Markidis

Artificial neural networks have been proposed as potential algorithms that could benefit from being implemented and run on quantum computers. In particular, they hold promise to greatly enhance Artificial Intelligence tasks, such as image…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-03-04 Stefano Mangini , Francesco Tacchino , Dario Gerace , Chiara Macchiavello , Daniele Bajoni

We discuss the challenges and propose research directions for using AI to revolutionize the development of high-performance computing (HPC) software. AI technologies, in particular large language models, have transformed every aspect of…