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Machine learning is becoming a new paradigm for scientific research in various research fields due to its exciting and powerful capability of modeling tools used for big-data processing task. In this mini-review, we first briefly introduce…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2023-01-18 Wanbing He , Qingfeng Li , Yugang Ma , Zhongming Niu , Junchen Pei , Yingxun Zhang

Deep neural networks (DNNs) have recently achieved impressive success across a wide range of real-world vision and language processing tasks, spanning from image classification to many other downstream vision tasks, such as object…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-23 Xiangzhong Luo , Di Liu , Hao Kong , Shuo Huai , Hui Chen , Guochu Xiong , Weichen Liu

Embedding Artificial Intelligence onto low-power devices is a challenging task that has been partly overcome with recent advances in machine learning and hardware design. Presently, deep neural networks can be deployed on embedded targets…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-09-24 Pierre-Emmanuel Novac , Ghouthi Boukli Hacene , Alain Pegatoquet , Benoît Miramond , Vincent Gripon

Machine learning (ML) is moving towards edge devices. However, ML models with high computational demands and energy consumption pose challenges for ML inference in resource-constrained environments, such as the deep sea. To address these…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-05-31 Yushan Huang , Hamed Haddadi

Recent breakthroughs in deep learning and artificial intelligence technologies have enabled numerous mobile applications. While traditional computation paradigms rely on mobile sensing and cloud computing, deep learning implemented on…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-04-22 Yunbin Deng

We explore unique considerations involved in fitting ML models to data with very high precision, as is often required for science applications. We empirically compare various function approximation methods and study how they scale with…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-02-01 Eric J. Michaud , Ziming Liu , Max Tegmark

Tiny machine learning (TinyML) in IoT systems exploits MCUs as edge devices for data processing. However, traditional TinyML methods can only perform inference, limited to static environments or classes. Real case scenarios usually work in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-09-02 Alessandro Avi , Andrea Albanese , Davide Brunelli

The rapid deployment of machine learning across platforms from milliwatt-class TinyML devices to large language models has made energy efficiency a primary constraint for sustainable AI. Across these scales, performance and energy are…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2026-03-26 Mohammad Saleh Vahdatpour , Yanqing Zhang

Deep learning and Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) have driven major transformations in diverse research areas. However, their limitations in handling low-frequency information present obstacles in certain tasks like interpreting global…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-14 Fuzhi Wu , Jiasong Wu , Youyong Kong , Chunfeng Yang , Guanyu Yang , Huazhong Shu , Guy Carrault , Lotfi Senhadji

Printed electronics have gained significant traction in recent years, presenting a viable path to integrating computing into everyday items, from disposable products to low-cost healthcare. However, the adoption of computing in these…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-03-28 Panagiotis Chaidos , Giorgos Armeniakos , Sotirios Xydis , Dimitrios Soudris

Biological neural networks continue to inspire breakthroughs in neural network performance. And yet, one key area of neural computation that has been under-appreciated and under-investigated is biologically plausible, energy-efficient…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2023-03-22 Kai Malcolm , Josue Casco-Rodriguez

Developing deep learning models on tiny devices (e.g. Microcontroller units, MCUs) has attracted much attention in various embedded IoT applications. However, it is challenging to efficiently design and deploy recent advanced models (e.g.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-27 Jianlei Yang , Jiacheng Liao , Fanding Lei , Meichen Liu , Lingkun Long , Junyi Chen , Han Wan , Bei Yu , Weisheng Zhao

Although deep learning models are highly effective for various learning tasks, their high computational costs prohibit the deployment to scenarios where either memory or computational resources are limited. In this paper, we focus on…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2017-09-14 Cong Leng , Hao Li , Shenghuo Zhu , Rong Jin

This paper presents a comprehensive evaluation of lightweight deep learning models for image classification, emphasizing their suitability for deployment in resource-constrained environments such as low-memory devices. Five state-of-the-art…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-10 Tasnim Shahriar

Overparameterized Neural Networks (NN) display state-of-the-art performance. However, there is a growing need for smaller, energy-efficient, neural networks tobe able to use machine learning applications on devices with limited…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2021-05-21 Soufiane Hayou , Jean-Francois Ton , Arnaud Doucet , Yee Whye Teh

Recurrent Neural Networks (RNNs) are a class of machine learning algorithms used for applications with time-series and sequential data. Recently, there has been a strong interest in executing RNNs on embedded devices. However, difficulties…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2020-03-23 Nesma M. Rezk , Madhura Purnaprajna , Tomas Nordström , Zain Ul-Abdin

This work targets the automated minimum-energy optimization of Quantized Neural Networks (QNNs) - networks using low precision weights and activations. These networks are trained from scratch at an arbitrary fixed point precision. At…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2017-11-27 Bert Moons , Koen Goetschalckx , Nick Van Berckelaer , Marian Verhelst

In recent decades, Machine Learning (ML) has become extremely important for many computing applications. The pervasiveness of ultra-low-power embedded devices such as ESP32 or ESP32 Cam with tiny Machine Learning (tinyML) applications will…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-06-22 Md Ziaul Haque Zim

Deployment of solutions based on TinyML requires meeting several challenges. These include hardware heterogeneity, microprocessor (MCU) architectures, and resource availability constraints. Another challenge is the variety of operating…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2023-04-25 Tomasz Szydlo , Marcin Nagy

In recent years, the proliferation of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) has increased dramatically. UAVs can accomplish complex or dangerous tasks in a reliable and cost-effective way but are still limited by power consumption problems, which…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-12-01 Wamiq Raza , Anas Osman , Francesco Ferrini , Francesco De Natale
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