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Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated their remarkable capabilities in numerous fields. This survey focuses on how LLMs empower users, regardless of their technical background, to use human languages to automatically generate…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-04-03 Nam Huynh , Beiyu Lin

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities in code-related tasks, particularly in automated program repair. However, the effectiveness of such repairs is highly dependent on the performance of upstream fault…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-10-24 YingJian Xiao , RongQun Hu , WeiWei Gong , HongWei Li , AnQuan Jie

Large Language Models (LLMs) can generate functional source code from natural-language prompts, but often fail to consistently follow higher-level architectural structures or design patterns. Since LLMs are increasingly used in software…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-05-27 Viktor Kjellberg , Farnaz Fotrousi , Miroslaw Staron

Recent breakthroughs in Large Language Models (LLMs), such as GPT-3 and Codex, now enable software developers to generate code based on a natural language prompt. Within computer science education, researchers are exploring the potential…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2022-12-13 Stephen MacNeil , Andrew Tran , Juho Leinonen , Paul Denny , Joanne Kim , Arto Hellas , Seth Bernstein , Sami Sarsa

Large language models (LLMs) enable system builders today to create competent NLP systems through prompting, where they only need to describe the task in natural language and provide a few examples. However, in other ways, LLMs are a step…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-08-24 Vijay Viswanathan , Chenyang Zhao , Amanda Bertsch , Tongshuang Wu , Graham Neubig

The increasing electricity demands of personal computers, communication networks, and data centers contribute to higher atmospheric greenhouse gas emissions, which in turn lead to global warming and climate change. Therefore the energy…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-06-24 Tom Cappendijk , Pepijn de Reus , Ana Oprescu

Background: Log messages provide valuable information about the status of software systems. This information is provided in an unstructured fashion and automated approaches are applied to extract relevant parameters. To ease this process,…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-09-05 Merve Astekin , Max Hort , Leon Moonen

Large language model (LLM) coding agents can generate working code, but their solutions often accumulate complexity, duplication, and architectural debt. Human developers address such issues through refactoring: behavior-preserving program…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-03-05 Alex Thillen , Niels Mündler , Veselin Raychev , Martin Vechev

LLMs are widely used for code generation and mathematical reasoning tasks where they are required to generate structured output. They either need to reason about code, generate code for a given specification, or reason using programs of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Poorva Garg , Renato Lui Geh , Daniel Israel , Todd Millstein , Kyle Richardson , Guy Van den Broeck

Context. Code refactoring improves software quality without changing external behavior. Despite its advantages, its benefits are hindered by the considerable cost of time, resources, and continuous effort it demands. Aim. Understanding why…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-09-10 Mikel Robredo , Matteo Esposito , Fabio Palomba , Rafael Peñaloza , Valentina Lenarduzzi

Large language models (LLMs) show impressive abilities via few-shot prompting. Commercialized APIs such as OpenAI GPT-3 further increase their use in real-world language applications. However, the crucial problem of how to improve the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-02-16 Chenglei Si , Zhe Gan , Zhengyuan Yang , Shuohang Wang , Jianfeng Wang , Jordan Boyd-Graber , Lijuan Wang

The rapid advancements in large language models (LLMs) have greatly expanded the potential for automated code-related tasks. Two primary methodologies are used in this domain: prompt engineering and fine-tuning. Prompt engineering involves…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-02-21 Jiho Shin , Clark Tang , Tahmineh Mohati , Maleknaz Nayebi , Song Wang , Hadi Hemmati

Pretrained large language models (LLMs) are widely used in many sub-fields of natural language processing (NLP) and generally known as excellent few-shot learners with task-specific exemplars. Notably, chain of thought (CoT) prompting, a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-01-31 Takeshi Kojima , Shixiang Shane Gu , Machel Reid , Yutaka Matsuo , Yusuke Iwasawa

Code reviews are an integral part of software development and have been recognized as a crucial practice for minimizing bugs and favouring higher code quality. They serve as an important checkpoint before committing code and play an…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-12-05 Genevieve Caumartin , Qiaolin Qin , Sharon Chatragadda , Janmitsinh Panjrolia , Heng Li , Diego Elias Costa

The advancement of Large Language Models (LLMs), including GPT-4, provides exciting new opportunities for generative design. We investigate the application of this tool across the entire design and manufacturing workflow. Specifically, we…

Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly embedded in AI-based tutoring systems. Can they faithfully model novice reasoning and metacognitive judgments? Existing evaluations emphasize problem-solving accuracy, overlooking the fragmented…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Conrad Borchers , Jill-Jênn Vie , Roger Azevedo

Prompt engineering reduces reasoning mistakes in Large Language Models (LLMs). However, its effectiveness in mitigating vulnerabilities in LLM-generated code remains underexplored. To address this gap, we implemented a benchmark to…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-02-11 Marc Bruni , Fabio Gabrielli , Mohammad Ghafari , Martin Kropp

The increasing demand for programming language education and growing class sizes require immediate and personalized feedback. However, traditional code review methods have limitations in providing this level of feedback. As the capabilities…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-06-23 Lee Dong-Kyu

This paper explores the use of large language models (LLMs), here represented by GPT 3.5-Turbo to perform coding for a thematic analysis. Coding is highly labor intensive, making it infeasible for most researchers to conduct exhaustive…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-11 Samuel Flanders , Melati Nungsari , Mark Cheong Wing Loong

Software refactoring is the process of changing the structure of software without any alteration in its behavior and functionality. Presuming it is carried out in appropriate opportunities, refactoring enhances software quality…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-01-20 Hanieh Khosravi , Abbas Rasoolzadegan