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The increasing penetration of renewable energy sources introduces significant challenges to power grid stability, primarily due to their inherent variability. A new opportunity for grid operation is the smart integration of electricity…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-10-30 Janik Pinter , Frederik Zahn , Maximilian Beichter , Ralf Mikut , Veit Hagenmeyer

Design and implementation of an optimal and robust single-loop voltage controller is proposed for single-phase grid forming voltage source inverter (VSI). The objective of the proposed controller is to have good reference tracking and…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-03-16 Soham Chakraborty , Sourav Patel , Murti V. Salapaka

The microgrids design for remote locations represents one of the most important and critical applications of the microgrid concept. It requires the correct sizing and the proper utilization of the different sources to guarantee the…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-12-05 Francesco Conte , Fabio D'Agostino , Samuele Grillo , Gabriele Mosaico , Federico Silvestro

This paper explores the voltage regulation challenges in boost converter systems, which are critical components in power electronics due to their ability to step up voltage levels efficiently. The proposed control algorithm ensures…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-08-12 Yiwei Liu , Ziming Wang , Xin Wang , Yiding Ji

Power distribution grids with high PV generation are exposed to voltage disturbances due to the unpredictable nature of renewable resources. Smart PV inverters, if controlled in coordination with each other and continuously adapted to the…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-07-07 Cristian Cortés , Hamed Valizadeh Haghi , Changfu Li , Jan Kleissl

This paper investigates voltage stability in inverter-based power systems concerning fold and saddle-node bifurcations. An analytical expression is derived for the sensitivity of the stability margin using the normal vector to the…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-11-10 Sushobhan Chatterjee , Sijia Geng

Virtual oscillator control is the latest control technique for grid-forming inverters. Virtual Oscillator based Controllers (VOCs) provide all the steady-state droop functionalities of conventional droop controllers and, in addition, the…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-10-07 Ritwik Ghosh , Narsa Reddy Tummuru , Bharat Singh Rajpuohit

This article presents an optimization model for tertiary control in three-phase unbalanced microgrids. This model considers 24h operation and includes renewable energy sources, energy storage devices, and grid code limitations. Power flow…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2021-06-24 Diego-Alejandro Ramirez , Alejandro Garces , Juan Jose Mora Florez

Recent Odessa disturbance events have brought attention to the challenges associated with the interaction between Inverter-Based Resources (IBRs) and the transmission and distribution system. The NERC event diagnosis report has highlighted…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-08-01 Kaveri Mahapatra , Bhaskar Mitra , Soumya Kundu

The rapidly increasing penetration of inverter-based resources into a power transmission network requires more sophisticated voltage control strategies considering their inherent output variabilities. In addition, faults and load variations…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2023-02-21 Mohammed N. Khamees , Yang Liu , Kai Sun

This paper outlines reduced-order models for grid-forming virtual-oscillator-controlled inverters with nested current- and voltage-control loops, and current-limiting action for over-current protection. While a variety of model-reduction…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-05-24 Olaoluwapo Ajala , Minghui Lu , Brian Johnson , Sairaj Dhople , Alejandro Domínguez-García

As electric power systems evolve towards decarbonization, the transition to inverter-based resources (IBRs) presents challenges to grid stability, necessitating innovative control solutions. Virtual synchronous generator (VSG) emerges as a…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-07-08 Jingzhe Xu , Weihua Zhou , Behrooz Bahrani

This paper considers an incremental Volt/Var control scheme for distribution systems with high integration of inverter-interfaced distributed generation (such as photovoltaic systems). The incremental Volt/Var controller is implemented with…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-12-16 Antonin Colot , Elisabetta Perotti , Mevludin Glavic , Emiliano Dall'Anese

Inverter based renewable generation (RG), especially at the distribution level, is supposed to trip offline during an islanding situation. However, islanding detection is done by comparing the voltage and frequency measurements at the point…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-01-28 Chen Wang , Chetan Mishra , Reetam Sen Biswas , Anamitra Pal , Virgilio A. Centeno

With the gradual transformation of power generation towards renewables, distributed energy resources are becoming more and more relevant for grid stabilization. In order to involve all participants in the joint solution of this challenging…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2019-12-18 Lukas Kölsch , Katharina Wieninger , Stefan Krebs , Sören Hohmann

Due to the energy transition, lots of research has been conducted within the last decade on the topics of energy management systems or local energy trading approaches, often on the day-ahead or intraday level. A large majority of these…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-11-21 Jens Hönen , Johann L. Hurink , Bert Zwart

Multiple operational constraints of power system stability are derived analytically and reformulated into Second-Order Cone (SOC) form through a unification method in Part I of this paper. The accuracy and conservativeness of the proposed…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-05-26 Zhongda Chu , Fei Teng

This article introduces two control frameworks: one for Grid-Following (GFL) inverters aiding Grid-Forming (GFM) inverters in voltage regulation during large contingency events and optimizing power transactions under normal conditions; and…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-03-25 Jaesang Park , Alireza Askarian , Srinivasa Salapaka

The IEEE 1547 Standard for the interconnection of distributed energy resources (DERs) to distribution grids provisions that smart inverters could be implementing Volt/VAR control rules among other options. Such rules enable DERs to respond…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-05-24 Ilgiz Murzakhanov , Sarthak Gupta , Spyros Chatzivasileiadis , Vassilis Kekatos

Unprecedented dynamic phenomena may appear in power grids due to higher and higher penetration of inverter-based resources (IBR), e.g., wind and solar photovoltaic (PV). A major challenge in dynamic modeling and analysis is that unlike…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-03-10 Lingling Fan , Zhixin Miao
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