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The popular BFGS quasi-Newton minimization algorithm under reasonable conditions converges globally on smooth convex functions. This result was proved by Powell in 1976: we consider its implications for functions that are not smooth. In…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2017-03-21 Jiayi Guo , Adrian Lewis

We propose a proximal approach to deal with a class of convex variational problems involving nonlinear constraints. A large family of constraints, proven to be effective in the solution of inverse problems, can be expressed as the lower…

Numerical Analysis · Computer Science 2014-03-21 Giovanni Chierchia , Nelly Pustelnik , Jean-Christophe Pesquet , Béatrice Pesquet-Popescu

The focus of this article is the approximation of functions which are analytic on a compact interval except at the endpoints. Typical numerical methods for approximating such functions depend upon the use of particular conformal maps from…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2014-05-05 Ben Adcock , Mark Richardson

There has been enormous progress in the last few years in designing neural networks that respect the fundamental symmetries and coordinate freedoms of physical law. Some of these frameworks make use of irreducible representations, some make…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-02-09 Soledad Villar , David W. Hogg , Kate Storey-Fisher , Weichi Yao , Ben Blum-Smith

The convergence theory for the gradient sampling algorithm is extended to directionally Lipschitz functions. Although directionally Lipschitz functions are not necessarily locally Lipschitz, they are almost everywhere differentiable and…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2021-07-13 James V. Burke , Qiuying Lin

We study stochastic gradient descent (SGD) with gradient clipping on convex functions under a generalized smoothness assumption called $(L_0,L_1)$-smoothness. Using gradient clipping, we establish a high probability convergence rate that…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-06-04 Ofir Gaash , Kfir Yehuda Levy , Yair Carmon

We study the asymptotic shape of the trajectory of the stochastic gradient descent algorithm applied to a convex objective function. Under mild regularity assumptions, we prove a functional central limit theorem for the properly rescaled…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-02-18 Kessang Flamand , Victor-Emmanuel Brunel

This paper is devoted to the study of generalized differentiation properties of the infimal convolution. This class of functions covers a large spectrum of nonsmooth functions well known in the literature. The subdifferential formulas…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2014-11-04 Nguyen Mau Nam , Dang Van Cuong

Stochastic gradient descent is the method of choice for large scale optimization of machine learning objective functions. Yet, its performance is greatly variable and heavily depends on the choice of the stepsizes. This has motivated a…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2019-02-28 Xiaoyu Li , Francesco Orabona

A new equivalence notion between non-stationary subdivision schemes, termed asymptotical similarity, which is weaker than asymptotical equivalence, is introduced and studied. It is known that asymptotical equivalence between a…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2014-10-13 Costanza Conti , Nira Dyn , Carla Manni , Marie-Laurence Mazure

For a function defined on a convex set in a Euclidean space, midpoint convexity is the property requiring that the value of the function at the midpoint of any line segment is not greater than the average of its values at the endpoints of…

Metric Geometry · Mathematics 2019-05-20 Satoko Moriguchi , Kazuo Murota , Akihisa Tamura , Fabio Tardella

We define smooth notions of concordance and sliceness for spatial graphs. We prove that sliceness of a spatial graph is equivalent to a condition on a set of linking numbers together with sliceness of a link associated to the graph. This…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2023-07-24 Egor Lappo

The spectral theory of graphs provides a bridge between classical signal processing and the nascent field of graph signal processing. In this paper, a spectral graph analogy to Heisenberg's celebrated uncertainty principle is developed.…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2013-08-02 Ameya Agaskar , Yue M. Lu

In this paper we associate an abelian category to a finite directed graph and prove the categories arising from two graphs are equivalent if the incidence matrices of the graphs are shift equivalent. The abelian category is the quotient of…

Rings and Algebras · Mathematics 2011-08-26 S. Paul Smith

We develop new sub-optimality bounds for gradient descent (GD) that depend on the conditioning of the objective along the path of optimization rather than on global, worst-case constants. Key to our proofs is directional smoothness, a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-15 Aaron Mishkin , Ahmed Khaled , Yuanhao Wang , Aaron Defazio , Robert M. Gower

On some specified convex supporting sets of spheres, we find a generalized longitude function whose level sets are totally geodesic. Given an arbitrary (weakly) harmonic map into spheres, the composition of the generalized longitude…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2013-07-09 Ling Yang

Bilevel programming has recently received a great deal of attention due to its abundant applications in many areas. The optimal value function approach provides a useful reformulation of the bilevel problem, but its utility is often limited…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-06-10 Jan Harold Alcantara , Akiko Takeda

We study the approximation of functions which are invariant with respect to certain permutations of the input indices using flow maps of dynamical systems. Such invariant functions includes the much studied translation-invariant ones…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-08-19 Qianxiao Li , Ting Lin , Zuowei Shen

We investigate functions with the property that for every interval, the slope at the midpoint of the interval is the same as the average slope. More generally, we find functions whose average slopes over intervals are given by the slope at…

Classical Analysis and ODEs · Mathematics 2025-07-28 Paul Carter , David Lowry-Duda

Numerical solutions of differential equations are usually not smooth functions. However, they should resemble the smoothness of the corresponding real solutions in one way or another. In two of our recent papers, a kind of spacial…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2012-07-13 Tong Sun