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Active learning (AL) is a prominent technique for reducing the annotation effort required for training machine learning models. Deep learning offers a solution for several essential obstacles to deploying AL in practice but introduces many…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-05-10 Akim Tsvigun , Artem Shelmanov , Gleb Kuzmin , Leonid Sanochkin , Daniil Larionov , Gleb Gusev , Manvel Avetisian , Leonid Zhukov

3D occupancy prediction provides dense spatial understanding critical for safe autonomous driving. However, this task suffers from a severe class imbalance due to its volumetric representation, where safety-critical objects (bicycles,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-31 Wonjune Kim , In-Jae Lee , Sihwan Hwang , Sanmin Kim , Dongsuk Kum

Few shot in-context learning (ICL) typically assumes access to large annotated training sets. However, in many real world scenarios, such as domain adaptation, there is only a limited budget to annotate a small number of samples, with the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-01-29 Uri Berger , Tal Baumel , Gabriel Stanovsky

In-context learning is a promising paradigm that utilizes in-context examples as prompts for the predictions of large language models. These prompts are crucial for achieving strong performance. However, since the prompts need to be sampled…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-15 Shaokun Zhang , Xiaobo Xia , Zhaoqing Wang , Ling-Hao Chen , Jiale Liu , Qingyun Wu , Tongliang Liu

Large Language Models (LLMs) can adapt to new tasks via in-context learning (ICL). ICL is efficient as it does not require any parameter updates to the trained LLM, but only few annotated examples as input for the LLM. In this work, we…

Conventional multimedia annotation/retrieval systems such as Normalized Continuous Relevance Model (NormCRM) [16] require a fully labeled training data for a good performance. Active Learning, by determining an order for labeling the…

Multimedia · Computer Science 2015-04-28 Moitreya Chatterjee , Anton Leuski

Detecting and segmenting salient objects from given image scenes has received great attention in recent years. A fundamental challenge in training the existing deep saliency detection models is the requirement of large amounts of annotated…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-04-06 Dingwen Zhang , Haibin Tian , Jungong Han

Annotating bounding boxes is costly and limits the scalability of object detection. This challenge is compounded by the need to preserve high accuracy while minimizing manual effort in real-world applications. Prior active learning methods…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Rashi Sharma , Justin Timothy C. Bersamin , Karthikk Subramanian

The expensive annotation cost is notoriously known as the main constraint for the development of the point cloud semantic segmentation technique. Active learning methods endeavor to reduce such cost by selecting and labeling only a subset…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-04-19 Feifei Shao , Yawei Luo , Ping Liu , Jie Chen , Yi Yang , Yulei Lu , Jun Xiao

This paper introduces a cost-efficient active learning (AL) framework for classification, featuring a novel query design called candidate set query. Unlike traditional AL queries requiring the oracle to examine all possible classes, our…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-20 Yeho Gwon , Sehyun Hwang , Hoyoung Kim , Jungseul Ok , Suha Kwak

Machine learning models excel with abundant annotated data, but annotation is often costly and time-intensive. Active learning (AL) aims to improve the performance-to-annotation ratio by using query methods (QMs) to iteratively select the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-17 Hannes Kath , Thiago S. Gouvêa , Daniel Sonntag

Acquiring properly annotated data is expensive in the medical field as it requires experts, time-consuming protocols, and rigorous validation. Active learning attempts to minimize the need for large annotated samples by actively sampling…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-06-22 Bidur Khanal , Binod Bhattarai , Bishesh Khanal , Danail Stoyanov , Cristian A. Linte

Supervised neural approaches are hindered by their dependence on large, meticulously annotated datasets, a requirement that is particularly cumbersome for sequential tasks. The quality of annotations tends to deteriorate with the transition…

Federated learning facilitates the collaborative learning of a global model across multiple distributed medical institutions without centralizing data. Nevertheless, the expensive cost of annotation on local clients remains an obstacle to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-04-23 Jiayi Chen , Benteng Ma , Hengfei Cui , Yong Xia

We design an active learning algorithm for cost-sensitive multiclass classification: problems where different errors have different costs. Our algorithm, COAL, makes predictions by regressing to each label's cost and predicting the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-10-13 Akshay Krishnamurthy , Alekh Agarwal , Tzu-Kuo Huang , Hal Daume , John Langford

Annotating time boundaries of sound events is labor-intensive, limiting the scalability of strongly supervised learning in audio detection. To reduce annotation costs, weakly-supervised learning with only clip-level labels has been widely…

Sound · Computer Science 2025-10-30 Keisuke Imoto

Several works in computer vision have demonstrated the effectiveness of active learning for adapting the recognition model when new unlabeled data becomes available. Most of these works consider that labels obtained from the annotator are…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-10-20 Sudipta Paul , Shivkumar Chandrasekaran , B. S. Manjunath , Amit K. Roy-Chowdhury

Active learning (AL) for real-world object detection faces computational and reliability challenges that limit practical deployment. Developing new AL methods requires training multiple detectors across iterations to compare against…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-28 Moussa Kassem Sbeyti , Nadja Klein , Michelle Karg , Christian Wirth , Sahin Albayrak

Although active learning (AL) in segmentation tasks enables experts to annotate selected regions of interest (ROIs) instead of entire images, it remains highly challenging, labor-intensive, and cognitively demanding due to the blurry and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-19 Md Shazid Islam , Shreyangshu Bera , Sudipta Paul , Amit K. Roy-Chowdhury

Today, ground-truth generation uses data sets annotated by cloud-based annotation services. These services rely on human annotation, which can be prohibitively expensive. In this paper, we consider the problem of hybrid human-machine…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-02-28 Hang Qiu , Krishna Chintalapudi , Ramesh Govindan