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Large language models (LLMs) offer the potential to automate a large number of tasks that previously have not been possible to automate, including some in science. There is considerable interest in whether LLMs can automate the process of…

Econometrics · Economics 2024-12-17 Nick Huntington-Klein , Eleanor J. Murray

As Large Language Models (LLMs) advance in their capabilities, researchers have increasingly employed them for social simulation. In this paper, we investigate whether interactions among LLM agents resemble those of humans. Specifically, we…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-01-28 Naihao Deng , Rada Mihalcea

Large Language Models (LLMs) can be understood as Collective Knowledge (CK): a condensation of human cultural and technical output, whose apparent intelligence emerges in dialogue. This perspective article, drawing on extended interaction…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-11-04 Eleni Vasilaki

We argue that newly-developed large language models (LLMs), because of how they are trained and designed, are implicit computational models of humans -- a Homo silicus. LLMs can be used like economists use Homo economicus: they can be given…

General Economics · Economics 2026-02-27 John J. Horton , Apostolos Filippas , Benjamin S. Manning

Large Language Models (LLMs) are highly sensitive to prompts, including additional context provided therein. As LLMs grow in capability, understanding their prompt-sensitivity becomes increasingly crucial for ensuring reliable and robust…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-08-23 Sotiris Anagnostidis , Jannis Bulian

Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly used to simulate human responses in behavioral research, yet it remains unclear when LLM-generated data support the same experimental inferences as human data. We evaluate this by directly…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-04-20 Adnan Hoq , Tim Weninger

The rapid advancement of artificial intelligence, particularly with the development of Large Language Models (LLMs) built on the transformer architecture, has redefined the capabilities of natural language processing. These models now…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-11 Andrea Matarazzo , Riccardo Torlone

The conventional paradigm of using large language models (LLMs) for natural language generation (NLG) evaluation relies on pre-defined task definitions and evaluation criteria, positioning LLMs as "passive critics" that strictly follow…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-18 Shuying Xu , Junjie Hu , Ming Jiang

With the increasing interest in using large language models (LLMs) for planning in natural language, understanding their behaviors becomes an important research question. This work conducts a systematic investigation of LLMs' ability to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-18 Yixuan Wang , Freda Shi

Predicting future events is an important activity with applications across multiple fields and domains. For example, the capacity to foresee stock market trends, natural disasters, business developments, or political events can facilitate…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-01-13 Petraq Nako , Adam Jatowt

Active Learning (AL) has been a powerful paradigm for improving model efficiency and performance by selecting the most informative data points for labeling and training. In recent active learning frameworks, Large Language Models (LLMs)…

Large Language Models (LLMs) have the capacity to store and recall facts. Through experimentation with open-source models, we observe that this ability to retrieve facts can be easily manipulated by changing contexts, even without altering…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-02 Yibo Jiang , Goutham Rajendran , Pradeep Ravikumar , Bryon Aragam

Understanding the behavior of large language models (LLMs) is crucial for ensuring their safe and reliable use. However, existing explainable AI (XAI) methods for LLMs primarily rely on word-level explanations, which are often…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-08 Furui Cheng , Vilém Zouhar , Robin Shing Moon Chan , Daniel Fürst , Hendrik Strobelt , Mennatallah El-Assady

While a large body of literature suggests that large language models (LLMs) acquire rich linguistic representations, little is known about whether they adapt to linguistic biases in a human-like way. The present study probes this question…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-29 Suet-Ying Lam , Qingcheng Zeng , Kexun Zhang , Chenyu You , Rob Voigt

Large language models (LLMs) promise to democratize financial analysis by reducing information-processing costs. Yet equal access does not ensure equal outcomes, as the locus of friction may shift from processing information to evaluating…

General Finance · Quantitative Finance 2025-10-23 Edward Li , Min Shen , Zhiyuan Tu , Dexin Zhou

We investigate the extent to which contemporary Large Language Models (LLMs) can engage in exploration, a core capability in reinforcement learning and decision making. We focus on native performance of existing LLMs, without training…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-30 Akshay Krishnamurthy , Keegan Harris , Dylan J. Foster , Cyril Zhang , Aleksandrs Slivkins

State-of-the-art supervised NLP models achieve high accuracy but are also susceptible to failures on inputs from low-data regimes, such as domains that are not represented in training data. As an approximation to collecting ground-truth…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-06-29 Parikshit Bansal , Amit Sharma

Empathetic dialogue is an indispensable part of building harmonious social relationships and contributes to the development of a helpful AI. Previous approaches are mainly based on fine small-scale language models. With the advent of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-29 Yushan Qian , Wei-Nan Zhang , Ting Liu

Recent advances in the intrinsic reasoning capabilities of large language models (LLMs) have given rise to LLM-based agent systems that exhibit near-human performance on a variety of automated tasks. However, although these systems share…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-08-26 Bingxi Zhao , Lin Geng Foo , Ping Hu , Christian Theobalt , Hossein Rahmani , Jun Liu

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated strong generalization across a wide range of tasks. Reasoning with LLMs is central to solving multi-step problems and complex decision-making. To support efficient reasoning, recent studies…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-03 Jindong Li , Yali Fu , Li Fan , Jiahong Liu , Yao Shu , Chengwei Qin , Menglin Yang , Irwin King , Rex Ying