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The study of regular linear conjunctive normal form (LCNF) formulas is of interest because exact satisfiability (XSAT) is known to be NP-complete for this class of formulas. In a recent paper it was shown that the subclass of regular exact…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2018-12-24 Bernd R. Schuh

Despite their impressive performance, large language models (LMs) still struggle with reliably generating complex output structures when not finetuned to follow the required output format exactly. To address this issue, grammar-constrained…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-01-19 Saibo Geng , Martin Josifoski , Maxime Peyrard , Robert West

Decision \textsc{dnnf} (a.k.a. $\wedge_d$-\textsc{fbdd}) is an important special case of Decomposable Negation Normal Form (\textsc{dnnf}), a landmark knowledge compilation model. Like other known \textsc{dnnf} restrictions, Decision…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2026-03-06 Andrea Calí , Igor Razgon

We study the complexity of the Distributed Constraint Satisfaction Problem (DCSP) on a synchronous, anonymous network from a theoretical standpoint. In this setting, variables and constraints are controlled by agents which communicate with…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2021-01-25 Silvia Butti , Victor Dalmau

Sentential decision diagrams (SDDs) introduced by Darwiche in 2011 are a promising representation type used in knowledge compilation. The relative succinctness of representation types is an important subject in this area. The aim of the…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2018-02-14 Beate Bollig , Matthias Buttkus

Constrained clustering is a semi-supervised task that employs a limited amount of labelled data, formulated as constraints, to incorporate domain-specific knowledge and to significantly improve clustering accuracy. Previous work has…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-05-17 Pouya Shati , Eldan Cohen , Sheila McIlraith

This paper is devoted to the complexity of the Boolean satisfiability problem. We consider a version of this problem, where the Boolean formula is specified in the conjunctive normal form. We prove an unexpected result that the…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2018-07-23 Grigoriy V. Bokov

BEE is a compiler which facilitates solving finite domain constraints by encoding them to CNF and applying an underlying SAT solver. In BEE constraints are modeled as Boolean functions which propagate information about equalities between…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2013-08-20 Michael Codish , Yoav Fekete , Amit Metodi

Large language models have shown unprecedented abilities in generating linguistically coherent and syntactically correct natural language output. However, they often return incorrect and inconsistent answers to input questions. Due to the…

Databases · Computer Science 2023-12-27 Jasmin Mousavi , Arash Termehchy

What makes a computational problem easy (e.g., in P, that is, solvable in polynomial time) or hard (e.g., NP-hard)? This fundamental question now has a satisfactory answer for a quite broad class of computational problems, so called…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2019-09-12 Libor Barto

Knowledge compilation transforms logical theories into circuit representations that support efficient reasoning. We study this problem for propositional groundings of FO2, the two-variable fragment of first-order logic over finite domains.…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2026-05-13 Qiaolan Meng , Juhua Pu , Hongting Niu , Yuyi Wang , Yuanhong Wang , Ondřej Kuželka

Solving avoidability problems in the area of string combinatorics often requires, in an initial step, the construction, via a computer program, of a very long word that does not contain any word that matches a given pattern. It is well…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2019-06-04 Thorsten Ehlers , Florin Manea , Dirk Nowotka , Kamellia Reshadi

The Boolean satisfiability problem (SAT) is a well-known example of monotonic reasoning, of intense practical interest due to fast solvers, complemented by rigorous fine-grained complexity results. However, for non-monotonic reasoning,…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2025-05-16 Victor Lagerkvist , Mohamed Maizia , Johannes Schmidt

The constraint satisfaction problem (CSP) has important applications in computer science and AI. In particular, infinite-domain CSPs have been intensively used in subareas of AI such as spatio-temporal reasoning. Since constraint…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-07-06 Konrad K. Dabrowski , Peter Jonsson , Sebastian Ordyniak , George Osipov

Schaefer's dichotomy theorem [Schaefer, STOC'78] states that a boolean constraint satisfaction problem (CSP) is polynomial-time solvable if one of six given conditions holds for every type of constraint allowed in its instances. Otherwise,…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2023-07-10 Patrick Schnider , Simon Weber

The degree of a CSP instance is the maximum number of times that a variable may appear in the scope of constraints. We consider the approximate counting problem for Boolean CSPs with bounded-degree instances, for constraint languages…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2010-02-03 Martin E. Dyer , Leslie Ann Goldberg , Markus Jalsenius , David Richerby

In the maximum constraint satisfaction problem (Max CSP), one is given a finite collection of (possibly weighted) constraints on overlapping sets of variables, and the goal is to assign values from a given domain to the variables so as to…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2007-05-23 Peter Jonsson , Mikael Klasson , Andrei Krokhin

Quantified constraints and Quantified Boolean Formulae are typically much more difficult to reason with than classical constraints, because quantifier alternation makes the usual notion of solution inappropriate. As a consequence, basic…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2007-05-25 Lucas Bordeaux , Marco Cadoli , Toni Mancini

We study the complexity of valued constraint satisfaction problems (VCSP). A problem from VCSP is characterised by a \emph{constraint language}, a fixed set of cost functions over a finite domain. An instance of the problem is specified by…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2010-08-25 Vladimir Kolmogorov

In this document, we introduce XCSP3-core, a subset of XCSP3 that allows us to represent constraint satisfaction/optimization problems. The interest of XCSP3-core is multiple: (i) focusing on the most popular frameworks (CSP and COP) and…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-08-30 Frédéric Boussemart , Christophe Lecoutre , Gilles Audemard , Cédric Piette