Related papers: Counting Sets with Surnatural Numbers
Let $f(n)$ denote the number of distinct unordered factorisations of the natural number $n$ into factors larger than 1.In this paper, we address some aspects of the function $f(n)$.
The ability to understand and manipulate numbers and quantities emerges during childhood, but the mechanism through which humans acquire and develop this ability is still poorly understood. We explore this question through a model, assuming…
Given an uncountable cardinal $\kappa$, we consider the question of whether subsets of the power set of $\kappa$ that are usually constructed with the help of the Axiom of Choice are definable by $\Sigma_1$-formulas that only use the…
Cicho\'n's diagram lists twelve cardinal characteristics (and the provable inequalities between them) associated with the ideals of null sets, meager sets, countable sets, and $\sigma$-compact subsets of the irrationals. It is consistent…
A numeral system is an infinite sequence of different closed normal $\lambda$-terms intended to code the integers in $\lambda$-calculus. H. Barendregt has shown that if we can represent, for a numeral system, the functions : Successor,…
The aim of Reverse Mathematics(RM for short)is to find the minimal axioms needed to prove a given theorem of ordinary mathematics. These minimal axioms are almost always equivalent to the theorem, working over the base theory of RM, a weak…
Fix a positive real number $\theta$. The natural numbers $m$ with largest square-free divisor not exceeding $m^\theta$ form a set $\mathscr{A}$, say. It is shown that whenever $\theta>1/2$ then all large natural numbers $n$ are the sum of…
A rational distance set is a subset of the plane such that the distance between any two points is a rational number. We show, assuming Lang's Conjecture, that the cardinalities of rational distance sets in general position are uniformly…
This work is the first to propose the concept of a semantic numeration system (SNS) as a certain class of context-based numeration methods. The development of the SNS concept required the introduction of fundamentally new concepts such as a…
The sets used to construct other mathematical objects are pure sets, which means that all of their elements are sets, which are themselves pure. One set may therefore be within another, not as an element, but as an element of an element, or…
This paper presents a new representation of natural numbers and discusses its consequences for computability and computational complexity. The paper argues that the introduction of the first Peano axiom in the traditional definition of…
Since the beginning of the quest of hypercomplex numbers in the late eighteenth century, many hypercomplex number systems have been proposed but none of them succeeded in extending the concept of complex numbers to higher dimensions. This…
We present a characterization of the completeness of the field of real numbers in the form of a \emph{collection of several equivalent statements} borrowed from algebra, real analysis, general topology, and non-standard analysis. We also…
Systems of equations with sets of integers as unknowns are considered. It is shown that the class of sets representable by unique solutions of equations using the operations of union and addition $S+T=\makeset{m+n}{m \in S, \: n \in T}$ and…
We study the automorphism group of the field of surreal numbers. Our main structure theorem presents a decomposition of this group into a product of five significant factors. Using the representation of surreal numbers as generalized power…
The infinite numbers of the set M of finite and infinite natural numbers are defined starting from the sequence 0\Phi, where 0 is the first natural number, \Phi is a succession of symbols S and xS is the successor of the natural number x.…
The main theorem of this article is that every countable model of set theory M, including every well-founded model, is isomorphic to a submodel of its own constructible universe. In other words, there is an embedding $j:M\to L^M$ that is…
Hilary Putnam once suggested that "the actual existence of sets as 'intangible objects' suffers... from a generalization of a problem first pointed out by Paul Benacerraf... are sets a kind of function or are functions a sort of set?"…
We compare estimators of the (essential) supremum and the integral of a function $f$ defined on a measurable space when $f$ may be observed at a sample of points in its domain, possibly with error. The estimators compared vary in their…
The embracing of actual infinity in mathematics leads naturally to the question of comparing the sizes of infinite collections. The basic dilemma is that the Cantor Principle (CP), according to which two sets have the same size if there is…