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Related papers: LifeTox: Unveiling Implicit Toxicity in Life Advic…

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Large Language Models (LLMs) are prone to generating fluent but incorrect content, known as confabulation, which poses increasing risks in multi-turn or agentic applications where outputs may be reused as context. In this work, we…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-18 Tianyi Zhou , Johanne Medina , Sanjay Chawla

Recently efforts have been made by social media platforms as well as researchers to detect hateful or toxic language using large language models. However, none of these works aim to use explanation, additional context and victim community…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-31 Sarthak Roy , Ashish Harshavardhan , Animesh Mukherjee , Punyajoy Saha

As toxic language becomes nearly pervasive online, there has been increasing interest in leveraging the advancements in natural language processing (NLP), from very large transformer models to automatically detecting and removing toxic…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-07-02 Austin P. Wright , Omar Shaikh , Haekyu Park , Will Epperson , Muhammed Ahmed , Stephane Pinel , Diyi Yang , Duen Horng Chau

Recommendation systems have become popular and effective tools to help users discover their interesting items by modeling the user preference and item property based on implicit interactions (e.g., purchasing and clicking). Humans perceive…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2023-02-10 Hongyu Zhou , Xin Zhou , Zhiwei Zeng , Lingzi Zhang , Zhiqi Shen

The prevalence and impact of toxic discussions online have made content moderation crucial.Automated systems can play a vital role in identifying toxicity, and reducing the reliance on human moderation.Nevertheless, identifying toxic…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-11-02 Senjuti Dutta , Sid Mittal , Sherol Chen , Deepak Ramachandran , Ravi Rajakumar , Ian Kivlichan , Sunny Mak , Alena Butryna , Praveen Paritosh

Large language models (LLMs), such as ChatGPT, have rapidly penetrated into people's work and daily lives over the past few years, due to their extraordinary conversational skills and intelligence. ChatGPT has become the fastest-growing…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-09-04 Wenxuan Wang

Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly deployed in real-world applications, raising concerns about their security. While jailbreak attacks highlight failures under overtly harmful queries, they overlook a critical risk: incorrectly…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-06-10 Yukai Zhou , Sibei Yang , Wenjie Wang

Large language models excel at following explicit instructions, but they often struggle with ambiguous or incomplete user requests, defaulting to verbose, generic responses instead of seeking clarification. We introduce InfoQuest, a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-29 Bryan L. M. de Oliveira , Luana G. B. Martins , Bruno Brandão , Luckeciano C. Melo

As the number of large language models (LLMs) released to the public grows, there is a pressing need to understand the safety implications associated with these models learning from third-party custom finetuning data. We explore the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-04 Jiachen Zhao , Zhun Deng , David Madras , James Zou , Mengye Ren

Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly consulted for high-stakes life advice, yet they lack standard safeguards against providing confident but misguided responses. This creates risks of sycophancy and over-confidence. This paper…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-07-30 Joshua Adrian Cahyono , Saran Subramanian

Due to the subtleness, implicity, and different possible interpretations perceived by different people, detecting undesirable content from text is a nuanced difficulty. It is a long-known risk that language models (LMs), once trained on…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-05-26 Yau-Shian Wang , Yingshan Chang

Large language models can produce toxic or inappropriate text even for benign inputs, creating risks when deployed at scale. Detoxification is therefore important for safety and user trust, particularly when we want to reduce harmful…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-04 Baturay Saglam , Dionysis Kalogerias

Personal data includes the digital footprints that we leave behind as part of our everyday activities, both online and offline in the real world. It includes data we collect ourselves, such as from wearables, as well as the data collected…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-01-12 Ly-Duyen Tran , Cathal Gurrin , Alan F. Smeaton

Considerable effort has been dedicated to mitigating toxicity, but existing methods often require drastic modifications to model parameters or the use of computationally intensive auxiliary models. Furthermore, previous approaches have…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-10-12 Luiza Pozzobon , Beyza Ermis , Patrick Lewis , Sara Hooker

Emotion Classification based on text is a task with many applications which has received growing interest in recent years. This paper presents a preliminary study with the goal to help researchers and practitioners gain insight into…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-03-01 Anna Koufakou , Jairo Garciga , Adam Paul , Joseph Morelli , Christopher Frank

Large Language Models (LLMs) often provide chain-of-thought (CoT) reasoning traces that appear plausible, but may hide internal biases. We call these *unverbalized biases*. Monitoring models via their stated reasoning is therefore…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-02 Iván Arcuschin , David Chanin , Adrià Garriga-Alonso , Oana-Maria Camburu

Online conversations can be toxic and subjected to threats, abuse, or harassment. To identify toxic text comments, several deep learning and machine learning models have been proposed throughout the years. However, recent studies…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-11-09 Md Azim Khan

Pretraining datasets are foundational to the development of multimodal models, yet they often have inherent biases and toxic content from the web-scale corpora they are sourced from. In this paper, we investigate the prevalence of toxicity…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-13 Karthik Reddy Kanjula , Surya Guthikonda , Nahid Alam , Shayekh Bin Islam

Recent advancements in integrating large language models (LLMs) with tools have allowed the models to interact with real-world environments. However, these tool-augmented LLMs often encounter incomplete scenarios when users provide partial…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-05 Seungbin Yang , ChaeHun Park , Taehee Kim , Jaegul Choo

In this paper, we present empirical studies on conversational recommendation tasks using representative large language models in a zero-shot setting with three primary contributions. (1) Data: To gain insights into model behavior in…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2023-08-22 Zhankui He , Zhouhang Xie , Rahul Jha , Harald Steck , Dawen Liang , Yesu Feng , Bodhisattwa Prasad Majumder , Nathan Kallus , Julian McAuley