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The rapid advancement of large language models (LLMs) in biological-medical applications has highlighted a gap between their potential and the limited scale and often low quality of available open-source annotated textual datasets. In…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-19 Xunxin Cai , Chengrui Wang , Qingqing Long , Yuanchun Zhou , Meng Xiao

With the broad availability of large language models and their ability to generate vast outputs using varied prompts and configurations, determining the best output for a given task requires an intensive evaluation process, one where…

Aligning large language models (LLMs) with human preferences has proven to drastically improve usability and has driven rapid adoption as demonstrated by ChatGPT. Alignment techniques such as supervised fine-tuning (SFT) and reinforcement…

Conversational agents are increasingly used to address emotional needs on top of information needs. One use case of increasing interest are counselling-style mental health and behaviour change interventions, with large language model…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-04-22 Selina Meyer , David Elsweiler

LLMs are now responsible for making many decisions on behalf of humans: from answering questions to classifying things, they have become an important part of everyday life. While computation and model architecture have been rapidly…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-12 Charles de Dampierre , Andrei Mogoutov , Nicolas Baumard

In this paper, we introduce MATA, a novel evaluation dataset to assess the ability of Large Language Models (LLMs) in Telugu language, comprising 729 carefully curated multiple-choice and open-ended questions that span diverse linguistic…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-19 Chalamalasetti Kranti , Sowmya Vajjala

Mathematical reasoning continues to be a critical challenge in large language model (LLM) development with significant interest. However, most of the cutting-edge progress in mathematical reasoning with LLMs has become \emph{closed-source}…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-08 Shubham Toshniwal , Wei Du , Ivan Moshkov , Branislav Kisacanin , Alexan Ayrapetyan , Igor Gitman

Effective mental health support is crucial for alleviating psychological distress. While large language model (LLM)-based assistants have shown promise in mental health interventions, existing research often defines "effective" support…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-31 Zeyad Alghamdi , Tharindu Kumarage , Garima Agrawal , Mansooreh Karami , Ibrahim Almuteb , Huan Liu

This study underscores the pivotal role of syntax feedback in augmenting the syntactic proficiency of students. Recognizing the challenges faced by learners in mastering syntactic nuances, we introduce a specialized dataset named…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-01-15 Kamyar Zeinalipour , Mehak Mehak , Fatemeh Parsamotamed , Marco Maggini , Marco Gori

Instruction tuning is essential for Large Language Models (LLMs) to effectively follow user instructions. To improve training efficiency and reduce data redundancy, recent works use LLM-based scoring functions, e.g., Instruction-Following…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-02 Yanjun Fu , Faisal Hamman , Sanghamitra Dutta

Pre-trained large language models (LLMs) can be tailored to adhere to human instructions through instruction tuning. However, due to shifts in the distribution of test-time data, they may not always execute instructions accurately,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-09-04 Hai Ye , Hwee Tou Ng

Group decision-making often suffers from uneven information sharing, hindering decision quality. While large language models (LLMs) have been widely studied as aids for individuals, their potential to support groups of users, potentially as…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-08-12 Mohammed Alsobay , David M. Rothschild , Jake M. Hofman , Daniel G. Goldstein

One way to personalize and steer generations from large language models (LLM) is to assign a persona: a role that describes how the user expects the LLM to behave (e.g., a helpful assistant, a teacher, a woman). This paper investigates how…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-02 Pedro Henrique Luz de Araujo , Benjamin Roth

Training large language models (LLMs) efficiently requires a deep understanding of how modern GPU systems behave under real-world distributed training workloads. While prior work has focused primarily on kernel-level performance or…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-12-10 Marco Kurzynski , Shaizeen Aga , Di Wu

Large Language Models are traditionally finetuned on large instruction datasets. However recent studies suggest that small, high-quality datasets can suffice for general purpose instruction following. This lack of consensus surrounding…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-12-29 Aditi Jha , Sam Havens , Jeremy Dohmann , Alex Trott , Jacob Portes

Models such as GPT-4 and Med-PaLM 2 have demonstrated impressive performance on a wide variety of biomedical NLP tasks. However, these models have hundreds of billions of parameters, are computationally expensive to run, require users to…

The LLM-as-judge paradigm is increasingly being adopted for automated evaluation of model outputs. While LLM judges have shown promise on constrained evaluation tasks, closed source LLMs display critical shortcomings when deployed in real…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-24 Darshan Deshpande , Selvan Sunitha Ravi , Sky CH-Wang , Bartosz Mielczarek , Anand Kannappan , Rebecca Qian

Large Multi-Modal Models (LMMs) have demonstrated impressive capabilities as general-purpose chatbots able to engage in conversations about visual inputs. However, their responses are influenced by societal biases present in their training…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-19 Neale Ratzlaff , Matthew Lyle Olson , Musashi Hinck , Estelle Aflalo , Shao-Yen Tseng , Vasudev Lal , Phillip Howard

Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models for autonomous driving show promise but falter in unstructured corner case scenarios, largely due to a scarcity of targeted benchmarks. To address this, we introduce Impromptu VLA. Our core contribution…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-30 Haohan Chi , Huan-ang Gao , Ziming Liu , Jianing Liu , Chenyu Liu , Jinwei Li , Kaisen Yang , Yangcheng Yu , Zeda Wang , Wenyi Li , Leichen Wang , Xingtao Hu , Hao Sun , Hang Zhao , Hao Zhao

Having an LLM that aligns with human preferences is essential for accommodating individual needs, such as maintaining writing style or generating specific topics of interest. The majority of current alignment methods rely on fine-tuning or…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-06 Bingqing Song , Boran Han , Shuai Zhang , Hao Wang , Haoyang Fang , Bonan Min , Yuyang Wang , Mingyi Hong
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