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In practical machine learning, the environments encountered during the model development and deployment phases often differ, especially when a model is used by many users in diverse settings. Learning models that maintain reliable…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-03-18 Hiroyuki Hanada , Satoshi Akahane , Noriaki Hashimoto , Shion Takeno , Ichiro Takeuchi

The interest in using reinforcement learning (RL) controllers in safety-critical applications such as robot navigation around pedestrians motivates the development of additional safety mechanisms. Running RL-enabled systems among uncertain…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-12-08 Kegan J. Strawn , Nora Ayanian , Lars Lindemann

In this paper, we propose conformal inference based approach for statistical verification of CPS models. Cyber-physical systems (CPS) such as autonomous vehicles, avionic systems, and medical devices operate in highly uncertain…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-07-16 Chuchu Fan , Xin Qin , Yuan Xia , Aditya Zutshi , Jyotirmoy Deshmukh

In domains such as finance, healthcare, and robotics, managing worst-case scenarios is critical, as failure to do so can lead to catastrophic outcomes. Distributional Reinforcement Learning (DRL) provides a natural framework to incorporate…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-13 Mehrdad Moghimi , Hyejin Ku

Research in machine learning is making progress in fixing its own reproducibility crisis. Reinforcement learning (RL), in particular, faces its own set of unique challenges. Comparison of point estimates, and plots that show successful…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-07 Ted Fujimoto , Joshua Suetterlein , Samrat Chatterjee , Auroop Ganguly

Trusting software systems, particularly autonomous ones, is challenging. To address this, formal verification techniques can ensure these systems behave as expected. Runtime Verification (RV) is a leading, lightweight method for verifying…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2024-08-22 Angelo Ferrando , Vadim Malvone

Conformal Prediction (CP) is a popular uncertainty quantification method that provides distribution-free, statistically valid prediction sets, assuming that training and test data are exchangeable. In such a case, CP's prediction sets are…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2024-11-19 Linus Jeary , Tom Kuipers , Mehran Hosseini , Nicola Paoletti

Distributionally Robust Supervised Learning (DRSL) is necessary for building reliable machine learning systems. When machine learning is deployed in the real world, its performance can be significantly degraded because test data may follow…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2018-07-24 Weihua Hu , Gang Niu , Issei Sato , Masashi Sugiyama

Reliability is one of the major design criteria in Cyber-Physical Systems (CPSs). This is because of the existence of some critical applications in CPSs and their failure is catastrophic. Therefore, employing strong error detection and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-07 Seyyedamirhossein Saeidi , Forouzan Fallah , Saeed Samieezafarghandi , Hamed Farbeh

In this paper, we present Real-Time Analog Monitoring Tool (RTAMT), a tool for quantitative monitoring of Signal Temporal Logic (STL) specifications. The library implements a flexible architecture that supports: (1) various environments…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2025-02-03 Tomoya Yamaguchi , Bardh Hoxha , Dejan Nickovic

Conformal prediction has emerged as a rigorous means of providing deep learning models with reliable uncertainty estimates and safety guarantees. Yet, its performance is known to degrade under distribution shift and long-tailed class…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-07-06 Kevin Kasa , Graham W. Taylor

Risk-sensitive reinforcement learning (RL) is crucial for maintaining reliable performance in high-stakes applications. While traditional RL methods aim to learn a point estimate of the random cumulative cost, distributional RL (DRL) seeks…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-03 Minheng Xiao , Xian Yu , Lei Ying

We investigate reinforcement learning (RL) in the presence of distributional mismatch between training and deployment, where policies trained in simulators often underperform in practice due to mismatches between training and deployment…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-12 Debamita Ghosh , George K. Atia , Yue Wang

Uncertainty is critical to reliable decision-making with machine learning. Conformal prediction (CP) handles uncertainty by predicting a set on a test input, hoping the set to cover the true label with at least $(1-\alpha)$ confidence. This…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-25 Rui Xu , Yue Sun , Chao Chen , Parv Venkitasubramaniam , Sihong Xie

In this work, we address the problem of formal safety verification for stochastic cyber-physical systems (CPS) equipped with ReLU neural network (NN) controllers. Our goal is to find the set of initial states from where, with a…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-03-10 Shiqi Sun , Yan Zhang , Xusheng Luo , Panagiotis Vlantis , Miroslav Pajic , Michael M. Zavlanos

Cyber-physical systems (CPS) with reinforcement learning (RL)-based controllers are increasingly being deployed in complex physical environments such as autonomous vehicles, the Internet-of-Things(IoT), and smart cities. An important…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-06-26 Changjian Zhang , Parv Kapoor , Eunsuk Kang , Romulo Meira-Goes , David Garlan , Akila Ganlath , Shatadal Mishra , Nejib Ammar

Trajectory replanning is a critical problem for multi-robot teams navigating dynamic environments. We present RLSS (Replanning using Linear Spatial Separations): a real-time trajectory replanning algorithm for cooperative multi-robot teams…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-01-06 Baskın Şenbaşlar , Wolfgang Hönig , Nora Ayanian

We study the performance of risk-controlling prediction sets (RCPS), an empirical risk minimization-based formulation of conformal prediction, with a single trajectory of temporally correlated data from an unknown stochastic dynamical…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-04 Brian Lee , Nikolai Matni

Cyber-Physical Systems (CPSs), especially those involving autonomy, need guarantees of their safety. Runtime Enforcement (RE) is a lightweight method to formally ensure that some specified properties are satisfied over the executions of the…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-02-18 Han Su , Saumya Shankar , Srinivas Pinisetty , Partha S. Roop , Naijun Zhan

Safety in reinforcement learning (RL) is a key property in both training and execution in many domains such as autonomous driving or finance. In this paper, we formalize it with a constrained RL formulation in the distributional RL setting.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-03-01 Jianyi Zhang , Paul Weng