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We study the problem of learning a Hamiltonian $H$ to precision $\varepsilon$, supposing we are given copies of its Gibbs state $\rho=\exp(-\beta H)/\operatorname{Tr}(\exp(-\beta H))$ at a known inverse temperature $\beta$. Anshu,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-10-14 Jeongwan Haah , Robin Kothari , Ewin Tang

We present a cooling algorithm for ground state preparation of fermionic Hamiltonians. Our algorithm makes use of the Hamiltonian simulation of the considered system coupled to an ancillary fridge, which is regularly reset to its known…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-02-19 Lucas Marti , Refik Mansuroglu , Michael J. Hartmann

Providing evidence that quantum computers can efficiently prepare low-energy or thermal states of physically relevant interacting quantum systems is a major challenge in quantum information science. A newly developed quantum Gibbs sampling…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-11-08 Akshar Ramkumar , Mehdi Soleimanifar

A central challenge in quantum simulation is to prepare low-energy states of strongly interacting many-body systems. In this work, we study the problem of preparing a quantum state that optimizes a random all-to-all, sparse or dense, spin…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-11-06 Joao Basso , Chi-Fang Chen , Alexander M. Dalzell

We present a novel method to simulate the Lindblad equation, drawing on the relationship between Lindblad dynamics, stochastic differential equations, and Hamiltonian simulations. We derive a sequence of unitary dynamics in an enlarged…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-08-27 Zhiyan Ding , Xiantao Li , Lin Lin

We describe a novel algorithm that learns a Hamiltonian from local expectations of its Gibbs state using the free energy variational principle. The algorithm avoids the need to compute the free energy directly, instead using efficient…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-09-25 Adam Artymowicz

We present a variational approach for quantum simulators to realize finite temperature Gibbs states by preparing thermofield double (TFD) states. Our protocol is motivated by the quantum approximate optimization algorithm (QAOA) and…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2019-12-04 Jingxiang Wu , Timothy H. Hsieh

We present a hybrid quantum-classical algorithm to simulate thermal states of a classical Hamiltonians on a quantum computer. Our scheme employs a sequence of locally controlled rotations, building up the desired state by adding qubits one…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-03-17 Man-Hong Yung , Daniel Nagaj , James D. Whitfield , Alán Aspuru-Guzik

Efficient simulation of a quantum system generally relies on structural properties of the quantum state. Motivated by the recent results by Bakshi et al. on the sudden death of entanglement in high-temperature Gibbs states of quantum spin…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-01-21 Akshar Ramkumar , Yiyi Cai , Yu Tong , Jiaqing Jiang

Preparation of quantum thermal states of many-body systems is a key computational challenge for quantum processors, with applications in physics, chemistry, and classical optimization. We provide a simple and efficient algorithm for thermal…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-18 Jerome Lloyd , Dmitry A. Abanin

We present a quantum algorithm to prepare the thermal Gibbs state of interacting quantum systems. This algorithm sets a universal upper bound D^alpha on the thermalization time of a quantum system, where D is the system's Hilbert space…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-05-29 David Poulin , Pawel Wocjan

Simulating quantum many-body systems (QMBS) is one of the long-standing, highly non-trivial challenges in condensed matter physics and quantum information due to the exponentially growing size of the system's Hilbert space. To date, tensor…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-02-06 Belal Abouraya , Jirawat Saiphet , Fedor Jelezko , Ressa S. Said

Non-equilibrium steady states are a focal point of research in the study of open quantum systems. Previous variational algorithms for searching these steady states have suffered from resource-intensive implementations due to vectorization…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-09-14 Hongyi Zhou , Rui Mao , Xiaoming Sun

We provide a systematic framework for constructing generic models of nonequilibrium quantum dynamics with a target stationary (mixed) state. Our framework identifies (almost) all combinations of Hamiltonian and dissipative dynamics that…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-01-29 Jinkang Guo , Oliver Hart , Chi-Fang Chen , Aaron J. Friedman , Andrew Lucas

{Many-body quantum states at thermal equilibrium are ubiquitous in nature. Investigating their dynamical properties is a formidable task due to the complexity of the Hilbert space they live in. Quantum computers may have the potential to…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-07-25 Mirko Consiglio , Tony J. G. Apollaro

Stationary states of quantum many-body Hamiltonians are invariant under the Hamiltonian evolution. Besides ground and thermal states, this class includes microcanonical ensembles that are of fundamental importance in statistical physics. We…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-23 Anirban N. Chowdhury , Samuel O. Scalet , Kunal Sharma

Estimating thermal expectation values of quantum many-body systems is a central challenge in physics, chemistry, and materials science. Standard quantum Gibbs sampling protocols address this task by preparing the Gibbs state from scratch…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-24 Hongrui Chen , Jiaqing Jiang , Bowen Li , Lexing Ying

The preparation of quantum Gibbs states is a fundamental challenge in quantum computing, essential for applications ranging from modeling open quantum systems to quantum machine learning. Building on the Meta-Variational Quantum Eigensolver…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-10-20 Ruchira V Bhat , Rahul Bhowmick , Avinash Singh , Krishna Kumar Sabapathy

We develop a rigorous and implementable framework for Gibbs sampling of infinite-dimensional quantum systems governed by unbounded Hamiltonians. Extending dissipative Gibbs samplers beyond finite dimensions raises fundamental obstacles,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-02 Simon Becker , Cambyse Rouzé , Robert Salzmann

We investigate quantum thermal state preparation algorithms based on system-bath interactions and uncover a surprising phenomenon in the weak-coupling regime. We rigorously prove that, if the system-bath interaction is engineered so that…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-18 Hongrui Chen , Zhiyan Ding , Ruizhe Zhang