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In this paper, we initiate our discussion by demonstrating how Large Language Models (LLMs), when tasked with responding to queries, display a more even probability distribution in their answers if they are more adept, as opposed to their…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-10 Tingyu Xia , Bowen Yu , Yuan Wu , Yi Chang , Chang Zhou

Large language models (LLMs) have significantly advanced various natural language processing (NLP) tasks. Recent research indicates that moderately-sized LLMs often outperform larger ones after task-specific fine-tuning. This study focuses…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-14 Minghao Wu , Thuy-Trang Vu , Lizhen Qu , George Foster , Gholamreza Haffari

Educational materials such as survey articles in specialized fields like computer science traditionally require tremendous expert inputs and are therefore expensive to create and update. Recently, Large Language Models (LLMs) have achieved…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-24 Fan Gao , Hang Jiang , Rui Yang , Qingcheng Zeng , Jinghui Lu , Moritz Blum , Dairui Liu , Tianwei She , Yuang Jiang , Irene Li

In this paper, we explore the challenges inherent to Large Language Models (LLMs) like GPT-4, particularly their propensity for hallucinations, logic mistakes, and incorrect conclusions when tasked with answering complex questions. The…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-12-22 Xiang Li , Haoran Tang , Siyu Chen , Ziwei Wang , Anurag Maravi , Marcin Abram

Recent LLMs have demonstrated remarkable performance in solving exam-like math word problems. However, the degree to which these numerical reasoning skills are effective in real-world scenarios, particularly in expert domains, is still…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-08-12 Yilun Zhao , Yitao Long , Hongjun Liu , Ryo Kamoi , Linyong Nan , Lyuhao Chen , Yixin Liu , Xiangru Tang , Rui Zhang , Arman Cohan

Language models have steadily increased in size over the past few years. They achieve a high level of performance on various natural language processing (NLP) tasks such as question answering and summarization. Large language models (LLMs)…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-01-31 Jessica Huynh , Cathy Jiao , Prakhar Gupta , Shikib Mehri , Payal Bajaj , Vishrav Chaudhary , Maxine Eskenazi

Counterfactual reasoning is widely recognized as one of the most challenging and intricate aspects of causality in artificial intelligence. In this paper, we evaluate the performance of large language models (LLMs) in counterfactual…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Yuefei Chen , Vivek K. Singh , Jing Ma , Ruixiang Tang

Large Language Models (LLMs) have garnered considerable interest within both academic and industrial. Yet, the application of LLMs to graph data remains under-explored. In this study, we evaluate the capabilities of four LLMs in addressing…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-09-12 Chang Liu , Bo Wu

Reliable evaluation of large language model (LLM)-generated summaries remains an open challenge, particularly across heterogeneous domains and document lengths. We conduct a comprehensive meta-evaluation of 14 automatic summarization…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-29 Huyen Nguyen , Haoxuan Zhang , Yang Zhang , Junhua Ding , Haihua Chen

Ensuring factual consistency between the summary and the original document is paramount in summarization tasks. Consequently, considerable effort has been dedicated to detecting inconsistencies. With the advent of Large Language Models…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-03-13 Jiuding Yang , Hui Liu , Weidong Guo , Zhuwei Rao , Yu Xu , Di Niu

In this study, we delve into the realm of counterfactual reasoning capabilities of large language models (LLMs). Our primary objective is to cultivate the counterfactual thought processes within LLMs and rigorously assess these processes…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-10 Yinya Huang , Ruixin Hong , Hongming Zhang , Wei Shao , Zhicheng Yang , Dong Yu , Changshui Zhang , Xiaodan Liang , Linqi Song

Retrieval Augmented Generation (RAG) systems have emerged as a powerful method for enhancing large language models (LLMs) with up-to-date information. However, the retrieval step in RAG can sometimes surface documents containing…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-02 Vignesh Gokul , Srikanth Tenneti , Alwarappan Nakkiran

Large vision language models (LVLMs) have improved the document understanding capabilities remarkably, enabling the handling of complex document elements, longer contexts, and a wider range of tasks. However, existing document understanding…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-07-16 Chao Deng , Jiale Yuan , Pi Bu , Peijie Wang , Zhong-Zhi Li , Jian Xu , Xiao-Hui Li , Yuan Gao , Jun Song , Bo Zheng , Cheng-Lin Liu

Large language models (LLMs) such as ChatGPT can produce coherent, cohesive, relevant, and fluent answers for various natural language processing (NLP) tasks. Taking document-level machine translation (MT) as a testbed, this paper provides…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-25 Longyue Wang , Chenyang Lyu , Tianbo Ji , Zhirui Zhang , Dian Yu , Shuming Shi , Zhaopeng Tu

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated great potential for domain-specific applications, such as the law domain. However, recent disputes over GPT-4's law evaluation raise questions concerning their performance in real-world legal…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-19 Ruihao Shui , Yixin Cao , Xiang Wang , Tat-Seng Chua

Large Language Models (LLMs) have been reported to outperform existing automatic evaluation metrics in some tasks, such as text summarization and machine translation. However, there has been a lack of research on LLMs as evaluators in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-28 Masamune Kobayashi , Masato Mita , Mamoru Komachi

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated exceptional capabilities in various natural language tasks, often achieving performances that surpass those of humans. Despite these advancements, the domain of mathematics presents a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-02 Ankit Satpute , Noah Giessing , Andre Greiner-Petter , Moritz Schubotz , Olaf Teschke , Akiko Aizawa , Bela Gipp

How do language models use contextual information to answer health questions? How are their responses impacted by conflicting contexts? We assess the ability of language models to reason over long, conflicting biomedical contexts using…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-03 Boya Zhang , Alban Bornet , Rui Yang , Nan Liu , Douglas Teodoro

Finding an agreement among diverse opinions is a challenging topic in multiagent systems. Recently, large language models (LLMs) have shown great potential in addressing this challenge due to their remarkable capabilities in comprehending…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-22 Shiyao Ding , Takayuki Ito

Large Language Models (LLMs) are promising analytical tools. They can augment human epistemic, cognitive and reasoning abilities, and support 'sensemaking', making sense of a complex environment or subject by analysing large volumes of data…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2024-09-19 Awais Hameed Khan , Hiruni Kegalle , Rhea D'Silva , Ned Watt , Daniel Whelan-Shamy , Lida Ghahremanlou , Liam Magee