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Discrete time crystals (DTCs) are emergent non-equilibrium phases of periodically driven many-body systems, with potential applications ranging from quantum computing to sensing and metrology. There has been significant recent interest in…

We investigate how symmetries and conserved quantities relate to the occurrence of the boundary time crystal (BTC) phase in a generalized spin model with Lindblad dissipation. BTCs are a non-equilibrium phase of matter in which the system,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-07-21 Giulia Piccitto , Matteo Wauters , Franco Nori , Nathan Shammah

We show a dissipative phase transition in a driven nonlinear quantum oscillator in which a discrete time-translation symmetry is spontaneously broken in two different ways. The corresponding regimes display either discrete or incommensurate…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-08-13 Albert Cabot , Gianluca Giorgi , Roberta Zambrini

The search for exotic temporal orders in quantum matter, such as discrete quasi-time crystals (DQTCs), has become an important theme in nonequilibrium physics. However, realizing these phases has so far required complex protocols, such as…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-12-12 Xu Feng , Shuo Liu , Shu Chen , Shi-Xin Zhang

Following the recent realisation that periodically driven quantum matter can support new types of spatiotemporal order, now known as discrete time crystals (DTCs), we consider the stability of this phenomenon. Motivated by its conceptual…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2017-05-24 Achilleas Lazarides , Roderich Moessner

Symmetries are well known to have had a profound role in our understanding of nature and are a critical design concept for the realization of advanced technologies. In fact, many symmetry-broken states associated with different phases of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-04-01 A. Sakurai , V. M. Bastidas , W. J. Munro , Kae Nemoto

A discrete time crystal is a phase unique to nonequilibrium systems, where discrete time translation symmetry is spontaneously broken. Most of conventional time crystals proposed so far rely on spontaneous breaking of on-site symmetries and…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2018-08-30 Kaoru Mizuta , Kazuaki Takasan , Masaya Nakagawa , Norio Kawakami

We examine the distinct discrete time crystals (DTCs) that emerge in the Lipkin-Meshkov-Glick model, subjected to spatially nonuniform periodic driving. Intriguingly, we demonstrate that by appropriately tailoring the drive protocol,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-12-24 Shashank Mishra , Sayan Choudhury

Time crystals are physical systems whose time translation symmetry is spontaneously broken. Although the spontaneous breaking of continuous time-translation symmetry in static systems is proved impossible for the equilibrium state, the…

Quantum Gases · Physics 2020-08-19 Lingzhen Guo , Pengfei Liang

Discrete time crystals (DTCs) refer to a novel many-body steady state that spontaneously breaks the discrete time-translational symmetry in a periodically-driven quantum system. Here, we study DTCs in a Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC)…

Quantum Gases · Physics 2021-12-02 Jia Wang , Krzysztof Sacha , Peter Hannaford , Bryan J. Dalton

Time crystals correspond to a phase of matter where time-translational symmetry (TTS) is broken. Up to date, they are well studied in open quantum systems, where external drive allows to break discrete TTS, ultimately leading to Floquet…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-11-27 Valerii K. Kozin , Oleksandr Kyriienko

Discrete time crystals are a recently proposed and experimentally observed out-of-equilibrium dynamical phase of Floquet systems, where the stroboscopic evolution of a local observable repeats itself at an integer multiple of the driving…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2018-01-29 Zongping Gong , Ryusuke Hamazaki , Masahito Ueda

Boundary time crystals (BTCs) are prominent examples of continuous time crystals in collective spin systems governed by Lindbladian evolution. To date, their analysis has mostly relied on semiclassical and numerical approaches. Here, we…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-17 Dominik Nemeth , Ahsan Nazir , Robert-Jan Slager , Alessandro Principi

Time crystals are many-body systems that spontaneously break time-translation symmetry, and thus exhibit long-range spatiotemporal order and robust periodic motion. Recent results have demonstrated how to build time-crystal phases in driven…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2025-04-11 R. Hurtado-Gutiérrez , C. Pérez-Espigares , P. I. Hurtado

We elucidate the role that the dissipation in a bosonic channel plays in the prevalence and stability of time crystals (TCs) in a periodically driven spin-boson system described by the Dicke model. Here, the bosons are represented by…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-07-11 Jayson G. Cosme , Jim Skulte , Ludwig Mathey

Time crystals are many-body systems whose ground state spontaneously breaks time-translation symmetry and thus exhibits long-range spatiotemporal order and robust periodic motion. Using hydrodynamics, we have recently shown how an…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2025-12-15 R. Hurtado-Gutiérrez , C. Pérez-Espigares , P. I. Hurtado

Discrete time crystals (DTCs) are non-equilibrium phases of matter that break the discrete time-translation symmetry and is characterized by a robust subharmonic response in periodically driven quantum systems. Here, we explore the DTC in a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-08 Ling-Zhi Tang , Xiao Li , Z. D. Wang , Dan-Wei Zhang

Boundary time crystals (BTCs) break time-translation symmetry and exhibit long-lived, robust oscillations insensitive to initial conditions. We show that collective spin BTCs can admit emergent topological winding numbers in operator space.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-02-23 Dominik Nemeth , Ahsan Nazir , Alessandro Principi , Robert-Jan Slager

Discrete time crystals are periodically driven systems that display spontaneous symmetry breaking of time translation invariance in the form of indefinite subharmonic oscillations. We introduce a thermodynamically consistent model for a…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2021-01-20 Lukas Oberreiter , Udo Seifert , Andre C. Barato

Discrete time crystals (DTC) have emerged as a significant phase of matter for out-of-equilibrium many-body systems. We study how long-range interactions and disorder contribute to the stability of the DTC phase. Generally, a stable DTC…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2025-05-20 Aarya Bothra , Arti Garg