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This paper presents an approach for learning Model Predictive Control (MPC) schemes directly from data using Reinforcement Learning (RL) methods. The state-of-the-art learning methods use RL to improve the performance of parameterized MPC…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-01-05 Shambhuraj Sawant , Akhil S Anand , Dirk Reinhardt , Sebastien Gros

Model Predictive Control (MPC) provides interpretable, tunable locomotion controllers grounded in physical models, but its robustness depends on frequent replanning and is limited by model mismatch and real-time computational constraints.…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-10-15 Se Hwan Jeon , Ho Jae Lee , Seungwoo Hong , Sangbae Kim

This paper presents a mixed traffic control policy designed to optimize traffic efficiency across diverse road topologies, addressing issues of congestion prevalent in urban environments. A model-free reinforcement learning (RL) approach is…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-01-29 Chuyang Xiao , Dawei Wang , Xinzheng Tang , Jia Pan , Yuexin Ma

Automated driving at unsignalized intersections is challenging due to complex multi-vehicle interactions and the need to balance safety and efficiency. Model Predictive Control (MPC) offers structured constraint handling through…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-04-16 Saeed Rahmani , Gözde Körpe , Zhenlin , Xu , Bruno Brito , Simeon Craig Calvert , Bart van Arem

In this work, we propose a Model Predictive Control (MPC)-based Reinforcement Learning (RL) method for Autonomous Surface Vehicles (ASVs). The objective is to find an optimal policy that minimizes the closed-loop performance of a simplified…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-08-06 Wenqi Cai , Arash B. Kordabad , Hossein N. Esfahani , Anastasios M. Lekkas , Sebastien Gros

The successful operation of mobile robots requires them to adapt rapidly to environmental changes. To develop an adaptive decision-making tool for mobile robots, we propose a novel algorithm that combines meta-reinforcement learning…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-07-21 Jaeuk Shin , Astghik Hakobyan , Mingyu Park , Yeoneung Kim , Gihun Kim , Insoon Yang

This work presents a distributed algorithm for resolving cooperative multi-vehicle conflicts in highly constrained spaces. By formulating the conflict resolution problem as a Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning (RL) problem, we can train a…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-02-06 Xu Shen , Francesco Borrelli

State-of-the-art model-based Reinforcement Learning (RL) approaches either use gradient-free, population-based methods for planning, learned policy networks, or a combination of policy networks and planning. Hybrid approaches that combine…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-25 Jonathan Spieler , Sven Behnke

Optimal control strategies are often combined with safety certificates to ensure both performance and safety in safety-critical systems. A prominent example is combining Model Predictive Control (MPC) with Control Barrier Functions (CBF).…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-12-05 Kerim Dzhumageldyev , Filippo Airaldi , Azita Dabiri

Model Predictive Control (MPC) faces computational demands and performance degradation from model inaccuracies. We propose two architectures combining Neural Network-approximated MPC (NNMPC) with Reinforcement Learning (RL). The first, Warm…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-10-07 Xiaolong Jia , Nikhil Bajaj

We propose a hybrid reinforcement learning (RL) and model predictive control (MPC) framework for mixed-integer optimal control, where discrete variables enter the cost and dynamics but not the constraints. Existing hierarchical approaches…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-04-02 Joschua Wüthrich , Romir Damle , Giona Fieni , Melanie N. Zeilinger , Christopher H. Onder , Andrea Carron

Advanced control strategies like Model Predictive Control (MPC) offer significant energy savings for HVAC systems but often require substantial engineering effort, limiting scalability. Reinforcement Learning (RL) promises greater…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-10-03 Ozan Baris Mulayim , Elias N. Pergantis , Levi D. Reyes Premer , Bingqing Chen , Guannan Qu , Kevin J. Kircher , Mario Bergés

The growing demand for road use in urban areas has led to significant traffic congestion, posing challenges that are costly to mitigate through infrastructure expansion alone. As an alternative, optimizing existing traffic management…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-09-04 Muhammad Tahir Rafique , Ahmed Mustafa , Hasan Sajid

Traffic signal control is of critical importance for the effective use of transportation infrastructures. The rapid increase of vehicle traffic and changes in traffic patterns make traffic signal control more and more challenging.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-12-08 Xingshuai Huang , Di Wu , Michael Jenkin , Benoit Boulet

Economic model predictive control (EMPC) is a promising methodology for optimal operation of dynamical processes that has been shown to improve process economics considerably. However, EMPC performance relies heavily on the accuracy of the…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-05-10 Khalid Alhazmi , Fahad Albalawi , S. Mani Sarathy

In control applications there is often a compromise that needs to be made with regards to the complexity and performance of the controller and the computational resources that are available. For instance, the typical hardware platform in…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-11-30 Eivind Bøhn , Sebastien Gros , Signe Moe , Tor Arne Johansen

Reinforcement learning (RL) and model predictive control (MPC) each offer distinct advantages and limitations when applied to control problems in power and energy systems. Despite various studies on these methods, benchmarks remain lacking…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-07-23 Mohamad Fares El Hajj Chehade , Young-ho Cho , Sandeep Chinchali , Hao Zhu

Achieving safe and coordinated behavior in dynamic, constraint-rich environments remains a major challenge for learning-based control. Pure end-to-end learning often suffers from poor sample efficiency and limited reliability, while…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-10-10 Max Studt , Georg Schildbach

Event-triggered model predictive control (eMPC) is a popular optimal control method with an aim to alleviate the computation and/or communication burden of MPC. However, it generally requires priori knowledge of the closed-loop system…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-08-23 Fengying Dang , Dong Chen , Jun Chen , Zhaojian Li

Reinforcement learning (RL), with its ability to explore and optimize policies in complex, dynamic decision-making tasks, has emerged as a promising approach to addressing motion planning (MoP) challenges in autonomous driving (AD). Despite…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-01 Zhuoren Li , Guizhe Jin , Ran Yu , Zhiwen Chen , Nan Li , Wei Han , Lu Xiong , Bo Leng , Jia Hu , Ilya Kolmanovsky , Dimitar Filev