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Phase Change Memory (PCM) is an attractive candidate for main memory as it offers non-volatility and zero leakage power, while providing higher cell densities, longer data retention time, and higher capacity scaling compared to DRAM. In…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2021-07-27 Aditya Narayan , Yvain Thonnart , Pascal Vivet , Ayse K. Coskun , Ajay Joshi

We survey the current state of phase change memory (PCM), a non-volatile solid-state memory technology built around the large electrical contrast between the highly-resistive amorphous and highly-conductive crystalline states in so-called…

The emergence of Phase-Change Memory (PCM) provides opportunities for directly connecting persistent memory to main memory bus. While PCM achieves high read throughput and low standby power, the critical concerns are its poor write…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2020-07-28 Yinjin Fu

The integration of silicon photonics (SiPh) and phase change materials (PCMs) has created a unique opportunity to realize adaptable and reconfigurable photonic systems. In particular, the nonvolatile programmability in PCMs has made them a…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2023-03-29 Amin Shafiee , Benoit Charbonnier , Sudeep Pasricha , Mahdi Nikdast

In recent years, the energy consumption of computing systems has increased and a large fraction of this energy is consumed in main memory. Towards this, researchers have proposed use of non-volatile memory, such as phase change memory…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2013-09-17 Sparsh Mittal

In the last decade phase change materials (PCM) research has switched from practical application in optical data storage toward electrical phase change random access memory technologies (PCRAM). As these devices are commercialised, we…

Optics · Physics 2021-04-21 Robert E. Simpson , Tun Cao

Phase change memory (PCM) relies on a reversible transition between amorphous and crystalline states of a material, and stands as a promising candidate for next-generation, energy-efficient data storage and neuromorphic hardware. Here, we…

Phase-change memory (PCM) is a scalable and low latency non-volatile memory (NVM) technology that has been proposed to serve as storage class memory (SCM), providing low access latency similar to DRAM and often approaching or exceeding the…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2020-12-01 Shihao Song , Anup Das

We propose advancing photonic in-memory computing through three-dimensional photonic-electronic integrated circuits using phase-change materials (PCM) and AlGaAs-CMOS technology. These circuits offer high precision (greater than 12 bits),…

Phase change memory has been developed into a mature technology capable of storing information in a fast and non-volatile way, with potential for neuromorphic computing applications. However, its future impact in electronics depends…

Optical computing has been recently proposed as a new compute paradigm to meet the demands of future AI/ML workloads in datacenters and supercomputers. However, proposed implementations so far suffer from lack of scalability, large…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2022-10-21 Daniel Sturm , Sajjad Moazeni

Phase change memory (PCM) has recently emerged as a promising technology to meet the fast growing demand for large capacity memory in computer systems, replacing DRAM that is impeded by physical limitations. Multi-level cell (MLC) PCM…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2017-11-27 Seyed Mohammad Seyedzadeh , Alex K. Jones , Rami Melhem

Phase changing materials (PCM) are widely used for optical data recording, sensing, all-optical switching, and optical limiting. Our focus here is on the case when the change in the transmission characteristics of the optical material is…

Optics · Physics 2018-01-10 Roney Thomas , Fred M. Ellis , Ilya Vitebsky , Tsampikos Kottos

Reconfigurable or programmable photonic devices are rapidly growing and have become an integral part of many optical systems. The ability to selectively modulate electromagnetic waves through electrical stimuli is crucial in the advancement…

The rapid development of multi-core system and increase of data-intensive application in recent years call for larger main memory. Traditional DRAM memory can increase its capacity by reducing the feature size of storage cell. Now further…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2016-06-13 Shenchen Ruan , Haixia Wang , Dongsheng Wang

As transistor-based memory technologies like dynamic random access memory (DRAM) approach their scalability limits, the need to explore alternative storage solutions becomes increasingly urgent. Phase-change memory (PCM) has gained…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-12-02 Mahek Desai , Rowena Quinn , Marjan Asadinia

Chalcogenide phase change materials (PCMs) have been extensively applied in data storage, and they are now being proposed for high resolution displays, holographic displays, reprogrammable photonics, and all-optical neural networks. These…

Optics · Physics 2023-08-09 Yunzheng Wang , Jing Ning , Li Lu , Michel Bosman , Robert E. Simpson

Photonics is a promising technology to accelerate Deep Neural Networks as it can use optical interconnects to reduce data movement energy and it enables low-energy, high-throughput optical-analog computations. To realize these benefits in a…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2024-11-01 Tanner Andrulis , Gohar Irfan Chaudhry , Vinith M. Suriyakumar , Joel S. Emer , Vivienne Sze

Phase change memory (PCM) is an emerging high speed, high density, high endurance, and scalable non-volatile memory technology which utilizes the large resistivity contrast between the amorphous and crystalline phases of chalcogenide…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2019-04-02 Raihan Sayeed Khan , Nadim H. Kanan , Jake Scoggin , Helena Silva , Ali Gokirmak

Programmable and reconfigurable optics hold significant potential for transforming a broad spectrum of applications, spanning space explorations to biomedical imaging, gas sensing, and optical cloaking. The ability to adjust the optical…

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