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Determining the number G of components in a finite mixture distribution is an important and difficult inference issue. This is a most important question, because statistical inference about the resulting model is highly sensitive to the…

Improving the understanding of signal and background distributions in signal-region is a valuable key to enhance any analysis in collider physics. This is usually a difficult task because -- among others -- signal and backgrounds are hard…

A key goal of exoplanet spectroscopy is to measure atmospheric properties, such as abundances of chemical species, in order to connect them to our understanding of atmospheric physics and planet formation. In this new era of high-quality…

Linear mixed effects models are highly flexible in handling a broad range of data types and are therefore widely used in applications. A key part in the analysis of data is model selection, which often aims to choose a parsimonious model…

Observations of seabed texture with synthetic aperture sonar are dependent upon several factors. In this work, we focus on collection geometry with respect to isotropic and anisotropic textures. The low grazing angle of the collection…

Marine obstacle detection demands robust segmentation under challenging conditions, such as sun glitter, fog, and rapidly changing wave patterns. These factors degrade image quality, while the scarcity and structural repetition of marine…

Uncertainty quantification for image data is dominated by complex deep learning methods, yet the field lacks an interpretable, mathematically grounded baseline. We propose Bayesian scattering to fill this gap, serving as a first-step…

Understanding subsurface ocean dynamics is essential for quantifying oceanic heat and mass transport, but direct observations at depth remain sparse due to logistical and technological constraints. In contrast, satellite missions provide…

We introduce a method of estimating parameters associated with a fractal random scattering medium, which utilizes the multiscale properties of the scattered field. The example of ray-density fluctuations beyond a phase screen with fractal…

Clustering is an effective tool for astronomical spectral analysis, to mine clustering patterns among data. With the implementation of large sky surveys, many clustering methods have been applied to tackle spectroscopic and photometric data…

Most sampling techniques for online social networks (OSNs) are based on a particular sampling method on a single graph, which is referred to as a statistics. However, various realizing methods on different graphs could possibly be used in…

Surface wave tomography uses measured dispersion properties of surface waves to infer the spatial distribution of subsurface properties such as shear-wave velocities. These properties can be estimated vertically below any geographical…

As data sets continue to grow in size and complexity, effective and efficient techniques are needed to target important features in the variable space. Many of the variable selection techniques that are commonly used alongside clustering…

In this paper, the challenging task of target detection in sea clutter is addressed. We analyze the statistical properties of the signals which have been received from the scene and based on that, we model the amplitude of the signals that…

Joint modeling of spatially-oriented dependent variables is commonplace in the environmental sciences, where scientists seek to estimate the relationships among a set of environmental outcomes accounting for dependence among these outcomes…

The geometry of mesoscopic inhomogeneities plays an important role in determining the macroscopic propagation behaviors of elastic waves in a heterogeneous medium. Nonequiaxed inhomogeneities can lead to anisotropic wave velocity and…

We report on a computational parameter space study of mixing protocols for a half-full bi-axial spherical granular tumbler. The quality of mixing is quantified via the intensity of segregation (concentration variance) and computed as a…

Storm surge, the onshore rush of sea water caused by the high winds and low pressure associated with a hurricane, can compound the effects of inland flooding caused by rainfall, leading to loss of property and loss of life for residents of…

In ecology we may find scenarios where the same phenomenon (species occurrence, species abundance, etc.) is observed using two different types of samplers. For instance, species data can be collected from scientific sampling with a…

The MIXANDMIX (mixtures by Anderson mixing) tool for the computation of the empirical spectral distribution of random matrices generated by mixtures of populations is described. Within the population mixture model the mapping between the…