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Accurate positioning is known to be a fundamental requirement for the deployment of Connected Automated Vehicles (CAVs). To meet this need, a new emerging trend is represented by cooperative methods where vehicles fuse information coming…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-10-28 Luca Barbieri , Bernardo Camajori Tedeschini , Mattia Brambilla , Monica Nicoli

Road construction sites create major challenges for both autonomous vehicles and human drivers due to their highly dynamic and heterogeneous nature. This paper presents a real-time system that detects and localizes roadworks by combining a…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-04-03 Sebastian Wullrich , Nicolai Steinke , Daniel Goehring

Light Detection And Ranging (LiDAR) has been widely used in autonomous vehicles for perception and localization. However, the cost of a high-resolution LiDAR is still prohibitively expensive, while its low-resolution counterpart is much…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-05-05 Lin Bai , Yiming Zhao , Xinming Huang

LiDAR has become a standard sensor for autonomous driving applications as they provide highly precise 3D point clouds. LiDAR is also robust for low-light scenarios at night-time or due to shadows where the performance of cameras is…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-07-18 Khaled El Madawy , Hazem Rashed , Ahmad El Sallab , Omar Nasr , Hanan Kamel , Senthil Yogamani

Detecting vehicles and representing their position and orientation in the three dimensional space is a key technology for autonomous driving. Recently, methods for 3D vehicle detection solely based on monocular RGB images gained popularity.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-06-16 Nils Gählert , Nicolas Jourdan , Marius Cordts , Uwe Franke , Joachim Denzler

Robots and autonomous systems need to know where they are within a map to navigate effectively. Thus, simultaneous localization and mapping or SLAM is a common building block of robot navigation systems. When building a map via a SLAM…

Robotics · Computer Science 2021-03-18 Luca Di Giammarino , Irvin Aloise , Cyrill Stachniss , Giorgio Grisetti

Localization can be achieved by different sensors and techniques such as a global positioning system (GPS), wifi, ultrasonic sensors, and cameras. In this paper, we focus on the laser-based localization method for unmanned aerial vehicle…

Autonomous driving is an important trend of the automotive industry. The continuous research towards this goal requires a precise reference vehicle state estimation under all circumstances in order to develop and test autonomous vehicle…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-05-15 Eduardo Sánchez Morales , Michael Botsch , Bertold Huber , Andrés García Higuera

Visual localization is to estimate the 6-DOF camera pose of a query image in a 3D reference map. We extract keypoints from the reference image and generate a 3D reference map with 3D reconstruction of the keypoints in advance. We emphasize…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-01 Masahiko Tsuji , Hitoshi Niigaki , Ryuichi Tanida

Advanced Driver-Assistance Systems (ADAS) have successfully integrated learning-based techniques into vehicle perception and decision-making. However, their application in 3D lane detection for effective driving environment perception is…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-18 Runkai Zhao , Yuwen Heng , Heng Wang , Yuanda Gao , Shilei Liu , Changhao Yao , Jiawen Chen , Weidong Cai

LiDAR sensors are often considered essential for autonomous driving, but high-resolution sensors remain expensive while affordable low-resolution sensors produce sparse point clouds that miss critical details. LiDAR super-resolution…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-19 June Moh Goo , Zichao Zeng , Jan Boehm

Reliable robot pose estimation is a key building block of many robot autonomy pipelines, with LiDAR localization being an active research domain. In this work, a versatile self-supervised LiDAR odometry estimation method is presented, in…

Robotics · Computer Science 2021-06-28 Julian Nubert , Shehryar Khattak , Marco Hutter

In recent times, the scope of LIDAR (Light Detection and Ranging) sensor-based technology has spread across numerous fields. It is popularly used to map terrain and navigation information into reliable 3D point cloud data, potentially…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-06-15 Aakash Kumar , Jyoti Kini , Mubarak Shah , Ajmal Mian

The demand for accurate localization has risen in recent years to enable the emerging of autonomous vehicles. To have these vehicles in the traffic ecosystem of smart cities, the need for an accurate positioning system is emphasized. To…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-08-24 Ghazaleh Kia , Laura Ruotsalainen

In GPS-denied scenarios, a robust environmental perception and localization system becomes crucial for autonomous driving. In this paper, a LiDAR-based online localization system is developed, incorporating road marking detection and…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-07-03 Yansong Gong , Xinglian Zhang , Jingyi Feng , Xiao He , Dan Zhang

Accurate vehicle localization is indispensable to autonomous vehicles, but is difficult to realize in complicated application scenarios. Intersection scenarios that suffer from environmental shielding and crowded dynamic objects are…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-08-12 Hao Li , Bo Liu , Linbin Wang

Using publicly accessible maps, we propose a novel vehicle localization method that can be applied without using prior light detection and ranging (LiDAR) maps. Our method generates OSM descriptors by calculating the distances to buildings…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-02-16 Younghun Cho , Giseop Kim , Sangmin Lee , Jee-Hwan Ryu

Vehicle odometry is an essential component of an automated driving system as it computes the vehicle's position and orientation. The odometry module has a higher demand and impact in urban areas where the global navigation satellite system…

Robotics · Computer Science 2021-09-14 Nikhil Jonnavithula , Yecheng Lyu , Ziming Zhang

Autonomous vehicles rely on LiDAR sensors to detect obstacles such as pedestrians, other vehicles, and fixed infrastructures. LiDAR spoofing attacks have been demonstrated that either create erroneous obstacles or prevent detection of real…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-02-16 Hongchao Zhang , Zhouchi Li , Shiyu Cheng , Andrew Clark

This paper introduces a visual-based localization method for autonomous vehicles (AVs) that operate in the absence of any complicated hardware system but a single camera. Visual localization refers to techniques that aim to find the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-04-08 Sara Zahedian , Kaveh Farokhi Sadabadi , Amir Nohekhan