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Hallucination, a phenomenon where large language models (LLMs) produce output that is factually incorrect or unrelated to the input, is a major challenge for LLM applications that require accuracy and dependability. In this paper, we…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-01 Song Wang , Xun Wang , Jie Mei , Yujia Xie , Sean Muarray , Zhang Li , Lingfeng Wu , Si-Qing Chen , Wayne Xiong

Recent advancements in multimodal large language models (MLLMs) have shown unprecedented capabilities in advancing various vision-language tasks. However, MLLMs face significant challenges with hallucinations, and misleading outputs that do…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-24 Shengqiong Wu , Hao Fei , Liangming Pan , William Yang Wang , Shuicheng Yan , Tat-Seng Chua

Despite their impressive ability to generate high-quality and fluent text, generative large language models (LLMs) also produce hallucinations: statements that are misaligned with established world knowledge or provided input context.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-01-15 Abhilasha Ravichander , Shrusti Ghela , David Wadden , Yejin Choi

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable fluency across a range of natural language tasks, yet remain vulnerable to hallucinations - factual inaccuracies that undermine trust in real world deployment. We present…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-16 Kaushik Dwivedi , Padmanabh Patanjali Mishra

The surge in applications of large language models (LLMs) has prompted concerns about the generation of misleading or fabricated information, known as hallucinations. Therefore, detecting hallucinations has become critical to maintaining…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-09-27 Xuefeng Du , Chaowei Xiao , Yixuan Li

Large Language Models (LLMs) excel in language comprehension and generation but are prone to hallucinations, producing factually incorrect or unsupported outputs. Retrieval Augmented Generation (RAG) systems address this issue by grounding…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-04-09 Chandana Sree Mala , Gizem Gezici , Fosca Giannotti

Hallucination, the generation of factually incorrect content, is a growing challenge in Large Language Models (LLMs). Existing detection and mitigation methods are often isolated and insufficient for domain-specific needs, lacking a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-01-22 Mengfei Liang , Archish Arun , Zekun Wu , Cristian Munoz , Jonathan Lutch , Emre Kazim , Adriano Koshiyama , Philip Treleaven

Hallucination detection is critical for ensuring the reliability of large language models (LLMs) in context-based generation. Prior work has explored intrinsic signals available during generation, among which attention offers a direct view…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-23 Siya Qi , Yudong Chen , Runcong Zhao , Qinglin Zhu , Zhanghao Hu , Wei Liu , Yulan He , Zheng Yuan , Lin Gui

Large Language Models (LLMs) have revolutionized Natural Language Processing (NLP). Although convenient for research and practical applications, open-source LLMs with fewer parameters often suffer from severe hallucinations compared to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-09-15 Mohamed Elaraby , Mengyin Lu , Jacob Dunn , Xueying Zhang , Yu Wang , Shizhu Liu , Pingchuan Tian , Yuping Wang , Yuxuan Wang

Fact-seeking question answering with large language models (LLMs) remains unreliable when answers depend on up-to-date or conflicting information. Although retrieval-augmented and tool-using LLMs reduce hallucinations, they often rely on…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Auksarapak Kietkajornrit , Jad Tarifi , Nima Asgharbeygi

Despite achieving outstanding performance on various cross-modal tasks, current large vision-language models (LVLMs) still suffer from hallucination issues, manifesting as inconsistencies between their generated responses and the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-05 Rui Hu , Yahan Tu , Shuyu Wei , Dongyuan Lu , Jitao Sang

Large language models (LLMs) face the challenge of hallucinations -- outputs that seem coherent but are actually incorrect. A particularly damaging type is fact-conflicting hallucination (FCH), where generated content contradicts…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-20 Ningke Li , Yahui Song , Kailong Wang , Yuekang Li , Ling Shi , Yi Liu , Haoyu Wang

This paper investigates how hallucination rates in Large Language Models (LLMs) may be controlled via a symbolic data generation framework, exploring a fundamental relationship between the rate of certain mathematical errors and types of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-01-14 Jordan Meadows , Marco Valentino , Andre Freitas

Hallucination occurs when large language models exhibit behavior that deviates from the boundaries of their knowledge during response generation. To address this critical issue, previous learning-based methods attempt to finetune models but…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Xueru Wen , Jie Lou , Xinyu Lu , Ji Yuqiu , Xinyan Guan , Yaojie Lu , Hongyu Lin , Ben He , Xianpei Han , Debing Zhang , Le Sun

Despite the recent advancement in large language models (LLMs) and their high performances across numerous benchmarks, recent research has unveiled that LLMs suffer from hallucinations and unfaithful reasoning. This work studies a specific…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-09 Bangzheng Li , Ben Zhou , Fei Wang , Xingyu Fu , Dan Roth , Muhao Chen

Recent research on query generation has focused on using Large Language Models (LLMs), which despite bringing state-of-the-art performance, also introduce issues with hallucinations in the generated queries. In this work, we introduce…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-16 Zhongxiang Sun , Zihua Si , Xiaoxue Zang , Kai Zheng , Yang Song , Xiao Zhang , Jun Xu

As Large Language Models (LLMs) continue to advance in their ability to write human-like text, a key challenge remains around their tendency to hallucinate generating content that appears factual but is ungrounded. This issue of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-01-09 S. M Towhidul Islam Tonmoy , S M Mehedi Zaman , Vinija Jain , Anku Rani , Vipula Rawte , Aman Chadha , Amitava Das

While humans increasingly rely on large language models (LLMs), they are susceptible to generating inaccurate or false information, also known as "hallucinations". Technical advancements have been made in algorithms that detect hallucinated…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-06-03 Hyo Jin Do , Rachel Ostrand , Justin D. Weisz , Casey Dugan , Prasanna Sattigeri , Dennis Wei , Keerthiram Murugesan , Werner Geyer

The reliability of Large Language Models (LLMs) in high-stakes domains such as healthcare, law, and scientific discovery is often compromised by hallucinations. These failures typically stem from two sources: data-driven hallucinations and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Xinyue Zeng , Junhong Lin , Yujun Yan , Feng Guo , Liang Shi , Jun Wu , Dawei Zhou

When exposed to complex queries containing multiple conditions, today's large language models (LLMs) tend to produce responses that only partially satisfy the query while neglecting certain conditions. We therefore introduce the concept of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-10 Yijie Hao , Haofei Yu , Jiaxuan You