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Anomaly detection is defined as discovering patterns that do not conform to the expected behavior. Previously, anomaly detection was mostly conducted using traditional shallow learning techniques, but with little improvement. As the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-12-13 Zhiyuan Liu , Chunjie Cao , Jingzhang Sun

Graph anomaly detection in this paper aims to distinguish abnormal nodes that behave differently from the benign ones accounting for the majority of graph-structured instances. Receiving increasing attention from both academia and industry,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-10-19 Fanzhen Liu , Xiaoxiao Ma , Jia Wu , Jian Yang , Shan Xue , Amin Beheshti , Chuan Zhou , Hao Peng , Quan Z. Sheng , Charu C. Aggarwal

Graph Anomaly Detection (GAD) aims to identify atypical graph entities, such as nodes, edges, or substructures, that deviate significantly from the majority. While existing text-rich approaches typically integrate structural context into…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-20 Wen Shi , Zhe Wang , Huafei Huang , Qing Qing , Ziqi Xu , Qixin Zhang , Xikun Zhang , Renqiang Luo , Feng Xia

Graph-level anomaly detection (GAD) describes the problem of detecting graphs that are abnormal in their structure and/or the features of their nodes, as compared to other graphs. One of the challenges in GAD is to devise graph…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-12-21 Rongrong Ma , Guansong Pang , Ling Chen , Anton van den Hengel

Anomaly detection, finding patterns that substantially deviate from those seen previously, is one of the fundamental problems of artificial intelligence. Recently, classification-based methods were shown to achieve superior results on this…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-05-06 Liron Bergman , Yedid Hoshen

Graph anomaly detection (GAD) aims to identify irregular nodes or structures in attributed graphs. Neighbor information, which reflects both structural connectivity and attribute consistency with surrounding nodes, is essential for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-31 Qing Qing , Huafei Huang , Mingliang Hou , Renqiang Luo , Mohsen Guizani

Unsupervised GAD methods assume the lack of anomaly labels, i.e., whether a node is anomalous or not. One common observation we made from previous unsupervised methods is that they not only assume the absence of such anomaly labels, but…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-08-24 Junghoon Kim , Yeonjun In , Kanghoon Yoon , Junmo Lee , Chanyoung Park

Unsupervised graph anomaly detection (GAD) has received increasing attention in recent years, which aims to identify data anomalous patterns utilizing only unlabeled node information from graph-structured data. However, prevailing…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-14 Jiazhen Chen , Xiuqin Liang , Sichao Fu , Zheng Ma , Weihua Ou

Graph Anomaly Detection (GAD) aims to identify uncommon, deviated, or suspicious objects within graph-structured data. Existing methods generally focus on a single graph object type (node, edge, graph, etc.) and often overlook the inherent…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-12 Yiqing Lin , Jianheng Tang , Chenyi Zi , H. Vicky Zhao , Yuan Yao , Jia Li

Dynamic graph anomaly detection (DGAD) is critical for many real-world applications but remains challenging due to the scarcity of labeled anomalies. Existing methods are either unsupervised or semi-supervised: unsupervised methods avoid…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-24 Yuxing Tian , Yiyan Qi , Fengran Mo , Weixu Zhang , Jian Guo , Jian-Yun Nie

Graph anomaly detection aims to identify unusual patterns in graph-based data, with wide applications in fields such as web security and financial fraud detection. Existing methods typically rely on contrastive learning, assuming that a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-26 Di Jin , Jingyi Cao , Xiaobao Wang , Bingdao Feng , Dongxiao He , Longbiao Wang , Jianwu Dang

Graph-level anomaly detection aims to identify anomalous graphs or subgraphs within graph datasets, playing a vital role in various fields such as fraud detection, review classification, and biochemistry. While Graph Neural Networks (GNNs)…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-10 Liting Li , Yumeng Wang , Yueheng Sun

Graph Anomaly Detection (GAD) is a challenging and practical research topic where Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) have recently shown promising results. The effectiveness of existing GNNs in GAD has been mainly attributed to the simultaneous…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-25 Jiashun Cheng , Zinan Zheng , Yang Liu , Jianheng Tang , Hongwei Wang , Yu Rong , Jia Li , Fugee Tsung

Semi-supervised graph anomaly detection (GAD) utilizes a small set of labeled normal nodes to identify abnormal nodes from a large set of unlabeled nodes in a graph. Current methods in this line posit that 1) normal nodes share a similar…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-09 Guoguo Ai , Hezhe Qiao , Hui Yan , Guansong Pang

Unsupervised graph anomaly detection aims at identifying rare patterns that deviate from the majority in a graph without the aid of labels, which is important for a variety of real-world applications. Recent advances have utilized Graph…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Yuanchen Bei , Sheng Zhou , Jinke Shi , Yao Ma , Haishuai Wang , Jiajun Bu

Graph Anomaly Detection (GAD) is critical in security-sensitive domains, yet faces reliability challenges: miscalibrated confidence estimation (underconfidence in normal nodes, overconfidence in anomalies), adversarial vulnerability of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-04 Songran Bai , Xiaolong Zheng , Daniel Dajun Zeng

Graph anomaly detection (GAD) aims to identify nodes from a graph that are significantly different from normal patterns. Most previous studies are model-driven, focusing on enhancing the detection effect by improving the model structure.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-27 Yitong Hao , Enbo He , Yue Zhang , Guisheng Yin

Graph anomaly detection (GAD) has achieved success and has been widely applied in various domains, such as fraud detection, cybersecurity, finance security, and biochemistry. However, existing graph anomaly detection algorithms focus on…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-08-03 Xing Ai , Jialong Zhou , Yulin Zhu , Gaolei Li , Tomasz P. Michalak , Xiapu Luo , Kai Zhou

Node-level graph anomaly detection (GAD) plays a critical role in identifying anomalous nodes from graph-structured data in various domains such as medicine, social networks, and e-commerce. However, challenges have arisen due to the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-11-29 Junjun Pan , Yixin Liu , Yizhen Zheng , Shirui Pan

Graph anomaly detection has attracted a lot of interest recently. Despite their successes, existing detectors have at least two of the three weaknesses: (a) high computational cost which limits them to small-scale networks only; (b)…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-01-18 Zhong Zhuang , Kai Ming Ting , Guansong Pang , Shuaibin Song