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In this work, we introduce a framework for speech summarization that leverages the processing and reasoning capabilities of large language models (LLMs). We propose an end-to-end system that combines an instruction-tuned LLM with an audio…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-09-16 Wonjune Kang , Deb Roy

Developing expressive and responsive conversational digital humans is a cornerstone of next-generation human-computer interaction. While large language models (LLMs) have significantly enhanced dialogue capabilities, most current systems…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-06 Xiaolin Hu , Hang Yuan , Xinzhu Sang , Binbin Yan , Zhou Yu , Cong Huang , Kai Chen

We present Spectron, a novel approach to adapting pre-trained large language models (LLMs) to perform spoken question answering (QA) and speech continuation. By endowing the LLM with a pre-trained speech encoder, our model becomes able to…

As Large Language Models (LLMs) expand beyond text, integrating speech as a native modality has given rise to SpeechLLMs, which directly process spoken language and enable speech-to-text translation (ST) and other downstream tasks,…

We introduce AudioPaLM, a large language model for speech understanding and generation. AudioPaLM fuses text-based and speech-based language models, PaLM-2 [Anil et al., 2023] and AudioLM [Borsos et al., 2022], into a unified multimodal…

Large language models (LLMs) have revolutionized natural language processing (NLP) with impressive performance across various text-based tasks. However, the extension of text-dominant LLMs to with speech generation tasks remains…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-29 Maohao Shen , Shun Zhang , Jilong Wu , Zhiping Xiu , Ehab AlBadawy , Yiting Lu , Mike Seltzer , Qing He

Recent end-to-end speech language models (SLMs) have expanded upon the capabilities of large language models (LLMs) by incorporating pre-trained speech models. However, these SLMs often undergo extensive speech instruction-tuning to bridge…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-07-30 Ke-Han Lu , Zhehuai Chen , Szu-Wei Fu , Chao-Han Huck Yang , Jagadeesh Balam , Boris Ginsburg , Yu-Chiang Frank Wang , Hung-yi Lee

Large Language Models (LLMs) have recently garnered significant attention, primarily for their capabilities in text-based interactions. However, natural human interaction often relies on speech, necessitating a shift towards voice-based…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-08 Wenqian Cui , Dianzhi Yu , Xiaoqi Jiao , Ziqiao Meng , Guangyan Zhang , Qichao Wang , Yiwen Guo , Irwin King

Recent multi-modal Large Language Models (LLMs) such as GPT-4o have demonstrated strong capabilities of direct speech interaction. However, the lack of specialized and comprehensive benchmarks for end-to-end speech LLM evaluation hinders…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-29 Linhao Zhang , Jian Zhang , Bokai Lei , Chuhan Wu , Aiwei Liu , Wei Jia , Xiao Zhou

Speech-to-Speech (S2S) Large Language Models (LLMs) are foundational to natural human-computer interaction, enabling end-to-end spoken dialogue systems. However, evaluating these models remains a fundamental challenge. We propose…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-11 Yuan Ge , Junxiang Zhang , Xiaoqian Liu , Bei Li , Xiangnan Ma , Chenglong Wang , Kaiyang Ye , Yangfan Du , Linfeng Zhang , Yuxin Huang , Tong Xiao , Zhengtao Yu , JingBo Zhu

Large language models (LLMs) have exhibited remarkable capabilities across a variety of domains and tasks, challenging our understanding of learning and cognition. Despite the recent success, current LLMs are not capable of processing…

The Audio Question Answering (AQA) task includes audio event classification, audio captioning, and open-ended reasoning. Recently, AQA has garnered attention due to the advent of Large Audio Language Models (LALMs). Current literature…

Sound · Computer Science 2024-12-16 Arvind Krishna Sridhar , Yinyi Guo , Erik Visser

While various end-to-end models for spoken language understanding tasks have been explored recently, this paper is probably the first known attempt to challenge the very difficult task of end-to-end spoken question answering (SQA). Learning…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-08-12 Yung-Sung Chuang , Chi-Liang Liu , Hung-Yi Lee , Lin-shan Lee

Recent advancements in Large Audio Language Models (LALMs) have demonstrated exceptional performance in speech recognition and translation. However, existing models often suffer from a disconnect between perception and expression, resulting…

Sound · Computer Science 2026-03-02 Yueran Hou , Peilei Jia , Zihan Sun , Qihang Lu , Wenbing Yang , Yingming Gao , Ya Li , Jun Gao

Perceiving and understanding non-speech sounds and non-verbal speech is essential to making decisions that help us interact with our surroundings. In this paper, we propose GAMA, a novel General-purpose Large Audio-Language Model (LALM)…

Large Language Models (LLMs) achieve impressive performance in a wide range of tasks, even if they are often trained with the only objective of chatting fluently with users. Among other skills, LLMs show emergent abilities in mathematical…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-12 Flavio Petruzzellis , Alberto Testolin , Alessandro Sperduti

In this work, we present Covo-Audio, a 7B-parameter end-to-end LALM that directly processes continuous audio inputs and generates audio outputs within a single unified architecture. Through large-scale curated pretraining and targeted…

Abstractive Speech Summarization (SSum) aims to generate human-like text summaries from spoken content. It encounters difficulties in handling long speech input and capturing the intricate cross-modal mapping between long speech inputs and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-03 Hengchao Shang , Zongyao Li , Jiaxin Guo , Shaojun Li , Zhiqiang Rao , Yuanchang Luo , Daimeng Wei , Hao Yang

Achieving pronunciation proficiency in a second language (L2) remains a challenge, despite the development of Computer-Assisted Pronunciation Training (CAPT) systems. Traditional CAPT systems often provide unintuitive feedback that lacks…

Sound · Computer Science 2026-01-22 Hongfu Liu , Zhouying Cui , Xiangming Gu , Ye Wang
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