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Deep learning algorithms have achieved excellent performance lately in a wide range of fields (e.g., computer version). However, a severe challenge faced by deep learning is the high dependency on hyper-parameters. The algorithm results may…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-03-02 Xiang Zhang , Xiaocong Chen , Lina Yao , Chang Ge , Manqing Dong

Fine-tuning large language models (LLM) can be costly. Parameter-efficient fine-tuning (PEFT) addresses the problems by training a fraction of the parameters, whose success reveals the expressiveness and flexibility of pretrained models.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-07 Jing Xu , Jingzhao Zhang

Post-training has demonstrated its importance in enhancing the reasoning capabilities of large language models (LLMs). The primary post-training methods can be categorized into supervised fine-tuning (SFT) and reinforcement fine-tuning…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-21 Mingyang Liu , Gabriele Farina , Asuman Ozdaglar

Fast Fourier transform (FFT) of large number of samples requires huge hardware resources of field programmable gate arrays (FPGA), which needs more area and power. In this paper, we present an area efficient architecture of FFT processor…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2015-02-26 Atin Mukherjee , Amitabha Sinha , Debesh Choudhury

Full fine-tuning of large language models for alignment and task adaptation has become prohibitively expensive as models have grown in size. Parameter-Efficient Fine-Tuning (PEFT) methods aim at significantly reducing the computational and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-22 Jesus Rios , Pierre Dognin , Ronny Luss , Karthikeyan N. Ramamurthy

This paper presents a gradient-based method for on-the-fly optimization for both per-frame and per-frequency window length of the short-time Fourier transform (STFT), related to previous work in which we developed a differentiable version…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-08-07 Maxime Leiber , Yosra Marnissi , Axel Barrau , Mohammed El Badaoui

Prompt tuning is a promising method to fine-tune a pre-trained language model without retraining its large-scale parameters. Instead, it attaches a soft prompt to the input text, whereby downstream tasks can be well adapted by merely…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-12 Pengxiang Lan , Enneng Yang , Yuting Liu , Guibing Guo , Jianzhe Zhao , Xingwei Wang

Supervised Fine-Tuning (SFT) is a critical step for enhancing the instruction-following capabilities of Large Language Models (LLMs) and adapting them to specialized domains. However, SFT often leads to a degradation of the model's general…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-01 Fei Ding , Baiqiao Wang

Recent developments in Parameter-Efficient Fine-Tuning (PEFT) methods for pretrained deep neural networks have captured widespread interest. In this work, we study the enhancement of current PEFT methods by incorporating the spectral…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-05 Fangzhao Zhang , Mert Pilanci

The rapid growth in the parameter size of Large Language Models (LLMs) has spurred the development of Parameter-Efficient Fine-Tuning (PEFT) methods to mitigate the substantial computational costs of fine-tuning. Among these, Fisher Induced…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Kang Xue , Ming Dong , Xinhui Tu , Tingting He

Fine-tuning large language models (LLMs) remains a computational bottleneck due to their scale and memory demands. This paper presents a comprehensive evaluation of parameter-efficient fine-tuning (PEFT) techniques, including LoRA, BOFT,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-06 Haomin Qi , Zihan Dai , Chengbo Huang

As FMs drive progress toward Artificial General Intelligence (AGI), fine-tuning them under privacy and resource constraints has become increasingly critical particularly when highquality training data resides on distributed edge devices.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-27 Gang Hu , Yinglei Teng , Pengfei Wu , Nan Wang

Parameter-Efficient Fine-Tuning (PEFT) of text-to-image models has become an increasingly popular technique with many applications. Among the various PEFT methods, Low-Rank Adaptation (LoRA) and its variants have gained significant…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-01 Zerui Tao , Yuhta Takida , Naoki Murata , Qibin Zhao , Yuki Mitsufuji

Parameter-efficient fine-tuning (PEFT) methods have provided an effective way for adapting large vision-language models to specific tasks or scenarios. Typically, they learn a very small scale of parameters for pre-trained models in a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-12-27 Zixian Guo , Yuxiang Wei , Ming Liu , Zhilong Ji , Jinfeng Bai , Yiwen Guo , Wangmeng Zuo

This study explores the fine-tuning (FT) of the Open Pre-trained Transformer (OPT-125M) for grammatical acceptability tasks using the CoLA dataset. By comparing Vanilla-Fine-Tuning (VFT), Pattern-Based-Fine-Tuning (PBFT), and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-01-15 Shobhit Ratan , Farley Knight , Ghada Jerfel , Sze Chung Ho

Transfer learning has become a popular task adaptation method in the era of foundation models. However, many foundation models require large storage and computing resources, which makes off-the-shelf deployment impractical. Post-training…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-07-11 Jung Hwan Heo , Seyedarmin Azizi , Arash Fayyazi , Massoud Pedram

It has become a popular paradigm to transfer the knowledge of large-scale pre-trained models to various downstream tasks via fine-tuning the entire model parameters. However, with the growth of model scale and the rising number of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-05-18 Anchun Gui , Jinqiang Ye , Han Xiao

Efficient fine-tuning of vision-language models (VLMs) like CLIP for specific downstream tasks is gaining significant attention. Previous works primarily focus on prompt learning to adapt the CLIP into a variety of downstream tasks,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-17 Jinlong Li , Dong Zhao , Zequn Jie , Elisa Ricci , Lin Ma , Nicu Sebe

Long-tailed semi-supervised learning (LTSSL) presents a formidable challenge where models must overcome the scarcity of tail samples while mitigating the noise from unreliable pseudo-labels. Most prior LTSSL methods are designed to train…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-09 Zhiyuan Huang , Jiahao Chen , Bing Su

Federated fine-tuning (FFT) attempts to fine-tune a pre-trained model with private data from distributed clients by exchanging models rather than data under the orchestration of a parameter server (PS). To overcome the bottleneck forged by…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-04-01 Zhijie Cai , Haolong Chen , Guangxu Zhu