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Optimal transport (OT) theory has been been used in machine learning to study and characterize maps that can push-forward efficiently a probability measure onto another. Recent works have drawn inspiration from Brenier's theorem, which…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-02-13 Théo Uscidda , Marco Cuturi

The Gromov--Wasserstein problem is a non-convex optimization problem over the polytope of transportation plans between two probability measures supported on two spaces, each equipped with a cost function evaluating similarities between…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-07-30 Théo Dumont , Théo Lacombe , François-Xavier Vialard

Regularizing the optimal transport (OT) problem has proven crucial for OT theory to impact the field of machine learning. For instance, it is known that regularizing OT problems with entropy leads to faster computations and better…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2020-08-04 François-Pierre Paty , Marco Cuturi

Optimal transport (OT), and in particular the Wasserstein distance, has seen a surge of interest and applications in machine learning. However, empirical approximation under Wasserstein distances suffers from a severe curse of…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2020-01-28 Ziv Goldfeld , Kristjan Greenewald

The optimal transport (OT) problem has gained significant traction in modern machine learning for its ability to: (1) provide versatile metrics, such as Wasserstein distances and their variants, and (2) determine optimal couplings between…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-18 Xinran Liu , Rocío Díaz Martín , Yikun Bai , Ashkan Shahbazi , Matthew Thorpe , Akram Aldroubi , Soheil Kolouri

Optimal transport (OT) theory has attracted much attention in machine learning and signal processing applications. OT defines a notion of distance between probability distributions of source and target data points. A crucial factor that…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-09-17 Pratik Jawanpuria , Dai Shi , Bamdev Mishra , Junbin Gao

This work establishes that an optimal transport~(OT) problem regularized by a given $f$-divergence admits the same solution as another OT problem regularized by a different $g$-divergence, under an appropriate transformation of the cost…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2026-04-24 Maxime Nicaise , Yaiza Bermudez , Samir M. Perlaza

We study optimal transport (OT) problem for probability measures supported on a tree metric space. It is known that such OT problem (i.e., tree-Wasserstein (TW)) admits a closed-form expression, but depends fundamentally on the underlying…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-03-04 Tam Le , Truyen Nguyen , Kenji Fukumizu

We introduce the supervised Gromov-Wasserstein (sGW) optimal transport, an extension of Gromov-Wasserstein by incorporating potential infinity patterns in the cost tensor. sGW enables the enforcement of application-induced constraints such…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-01-15 Zixuan Cang , Yaqi Wu , Yanxiang Zhao

Optimal transport (OT) finds a least cost transport plan between two probability distributions using a cost matrix defined on pairs of points. Unlike standard OT, which infers unstructured pointwise mappings, low-rank optimal transport…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-05 Henri Schmidt , Peter Halmos , Ben Raphael

We study unsupervised generative modeling in terms of the optimal transport (OT) problem between true (but unknown) data distribution $P_X$ and the latent variable model distribution $P_G$. We show that the OT problem can be equivalently…

Single-cell genomics has significantly advanced our understanding of cellular behavior, catalyzing innovations in treatments and precision medicine. However, single-cell sequencing technologies are inherently destructive and can only…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-11-08 Dominik Klein , Théo Uscidda , Fabian Theis , Marco Cuturi

Given samples from two joint distributions, we consider the problem of Optimal Transportation (OT) between them when conditioned on a common variable. We focus on the general setting where the conditioned variable may be continuous, and the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-12 Piyushi Manupriya , Rachit Keerti Das , Sayantan Biswas , Saketha Nath Jagarlapudi

The Optimal Transport (OT) problem with squared Euclidean cost consists in finding a coupling between two input measures that maximizes correlation. Consequently, the optimal coupling is often singular with respect to the Lebesgue measure.…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2026-04-10 Paul Freulon , Nikitas Georgakis , Victor Panaretos

Optimal transport (OT) is a central framework for modeling distribution shifts. Because OT compares distributions directly in input space, a well-designed ground metric between observations is essential to ensure that the optimizer does not…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-07 Philip Naumann , Jacob Kauffmann , Klaus-Robert Müller , Grégoire Montavon

Cross-domain alignment between two sets of entities (e.g., objects in an image, words in a sentence) is fundamental to both computer vision and natural language processing. Existing methods mainly focus on designing advanced attention…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-07-28 Liqun Chen , Zhe Gan , Yu Cheng , Linjie Li , Lawrence Carin , Jingjing Liu

Recently used in various machine learning contexts, the Gromov-Wasserstein distance (GW) allows for comparing distributions whose supports do not necessarily lie in the same metric space. However, this Optimal Transport (OT) distance…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2022-10-21 Titouan Vayer , Rémi Flamary , Romain Tavenard , Laetitia Chapel , Nicolas Courty

Optimal Transport (OT) problem aims to find a transport plan that bridges two distributions while minimizing a given cost function. OT theory has been widely utilized in generative modeling. In the beginning, OT distance has been used as a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-08 Jaemoo Choi , Jaewoong Choi , Myungjoo Kang

The Gromov-Wasserstein (GW) distance quantifies discrepancy between metric measure spaces and provides a natural framework for aligning heterogeneous datasets. Alas, as exact computation of GW alignment is NP hard, entropic regularization…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-01-11 Gabriel Rioux , Ziv Goldfeld , Kengo Kato

Entropic regularization is quickly emerging as a new standard in optimal transport (OT). It enables to cast the OT computation as a differentiable and unconstrained convex optimization problem, which can be efficiently solved using the…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2018-02-21 Mathieu Blondel , Vivien Seguy , Antoine Rolet