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Multimodal retrieval systems typically employ Vision Language Models (VLMs) that encode images and text independently into vectors within a shared embedding space. Despite incorporating text encoders, VLMs consistently underperform…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-01-22 Xinyuan Zhang , Lina Zhang , Lisung Chen , Guangyao Liu , Shuai Nie , Jiaming Xu , Runyu Shi , Ying Huang , Guoquan Zhang

In high-stakes domains, small task-specific vision models are crucial due to their low computational requirements and the availability of numerous methods to explain their results. However, these explanations often reveal that the models do…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-05 Alexander Koebler , Lukas Kuhn , Ingo Thon , Florian Buettner

Vision-and-Language (V+L) pre-training models have achieved tremendous success in recent years on various multi-modal benchmarks. However, the majority of existing models require pre-training on a large set of parallel image-text data,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-03-02 Mingyang Zhou , Licheng Yu , Amanpreet Singh , Mengjiao Wang , Zhou Yu , Ning Zhang

Current vision-language models (VLMs) show exceptional abilities across diverse tasks, such as visual question answering. To enhance user experience, recent studies investigate VLM personalization to understand user-provided concepts.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-26 Ruichuan An , Sihan Yang , Ming Lu , Renrui Zhang , Kai Zeng , Yulin Luo , Jiajun Cao , Hao Liang , Ying Chen , Qi She , Shanghang Zhang , Wentao Zhang

Recent progress in Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) has highlighted the critical roles of both the visual backbone and the underlying language model. While prior work has primarily focused on scaling these components to billions of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-01 Federico Cocchi , Nicholas Moratelli , Davide Caffagni , Sara Sarto , Lorenzo Baraldi , Marcella Cornia , Rita Cucchiara

Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have become a powerful tool for integrating visual and textual information. Despite their exceptional performance on visual understanding benchmarks, measuring their ability to reason abstractly…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-26 Nilay Yilmaz , Maitreya Patel , Yiran Lawrence Luo , Tejas Gokhale , Chitta Baral , Suren Jayasuriya , Yezhou Yang

Having revolutionized natural language processing (NLP) applications, large language models (LLMs) are expanding into the realm of multimodal inputs. Owing to their ability to interpret images, multimodal LLMs (MLLMs) have been primarily…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-02-14 Jusung Lee , Sungguk Cha , Younghyun Lee , Cheoljong Yang

While powerful in image-conditioned generation, multimodal large language models (MLLMs) can display uneven performance across demographic groups, highlighting fairness risks. In safety-critical clinical settings, such disparities risk…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-30 Mahesh Bhosale , Abdul Wasi , Shantam Srivastava , Shifa Latif , Tianyu Luan , Mingchen Gao , David Doermann , Xuan Gong

Recently, Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have demonstrated impressive performance on instruction-following tasks by integrating pretrained visual encoders with large language models (LLMs). However, existing approaches often…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-03 Wayner Barrios , Andrés Villa , Juan León Alcázar , SouYoung Jin , Bernard Ghanem

In complex embodied long-horizon manipulation tasks, effective task decomposition and execution require synergistic integration of textual logical reasoning and visual-spatial imagination to ensure efficient and accurate operation. Current…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-11 Xinyan Cai , Shiguang Wu , Dafeng Chi , Yuzheng Zhuang , Xingyue Quan , Jianye Hao , Qiang Guan

With the rapid advancement of deep learning, particularly in the field of medical image analysis, an increasing number of Vision-Language Models (VLMs) are being widely applied to solve complex health and biomedical challenges. However,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-21 Haiyang Yu , Siyang Yi , Ke Niu , Minghan Zhuo , Bin Li

Recent advances in vision-language-action (VLA) models have motivated the extension of their capabilities to embodied settings, where reinforcement learning (RL) offers a principled way to optimize task success through interaction. However,…

In recent years, multimodal large language models (MLLMs) have shown remarkable capabilities in tasks like visual question answering and common sense reasoning, while visual perception models have made significant strides in perception…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-06-25 Guanqun Wang , Xinyu Wei , Jiaming Liu , Ray Zhang , Yichi Zhang , Kevin Zhang , Maurice Chong , Shanghang Zhang

Recent studies have demonstrated Large Language Models (LLMs) can extend their zero-shot generalization capabilities to multimodal learning through instruction tuning. As more modalities and downstream tasks are introduced, negative…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-11-26 Zeren Chen , Ziqin Wang , Zhen Wang , Huayang Liu , Zhenfei Yin , Si Liu , Lu Sheng , Wanli Ouyang , Yu Qiao , Jing Shao

The success of Large Language Models (LLMs) has inspired the development of Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) for unified understanding of vision and language. However, the increasing model size and computational complexity of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-04 Yuxuan Cai , Jiangning Zhang , Haoyang He , Xinwei He , Ao Tong , Zhenye Gan , Chengjie Wang , Zhucun Xue , Yong Liu , Xiang Bai

In the past year, video-based large language models (Video LLMs) have achieved impressive progress, particularly in their ability to process long videos through extremely extended context lengths. However, this comes at the cost of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-04 Shangkun Sun , Ruyang Liu , Haoran Tang , Yixiao Ge , Haibo Lu , Wei Gao , Jiankun Yang , Chen Li

Recent advancements in multimodal techniques open exciting possibilities for models excelling in diverse tasks involving text, audio, and image processing. Models like GPT-4V, blending computer vision and language modeling, excel in complex…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-20 Xiang Zhang , Senyu Li , Zijun Wu , Ning Shi

Large language models, trained on extensive corpora, successfully unify diverse linguistic tasks within a single generative framework. Inspired by this, recent works like Large Vision Model (LVM) extend this paradigm to vision by organizing…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-29 Lan Chen , Yuchao Gu , Qi Mao

Instruction tuning is widely used to improve a pre-trained Multimodal Large Language Model (MLLM) by training it on curated task-specific datasets, enabling better comprehension of human instructions. However, it is infeasible to collect…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-30 Haiyang Guo , Fanhu Zeng , Ziwei Xiang , Fei Zhu , Da-Han Wang , Xu-Yao Zhang , Cheng-Lin Liu

Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have recently achieved remarkable success in visual-language understanding, demonstrating superior high-level semantic alignment within their vision encoders. An important question thus arises: Can…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-11 Yikun Liu , Yuan Liu , Shangzhe Di , Haicheng Wang , Zhongyin Zhao , Le Tian , Xiao Zhou , Jie Zhou , Jiangchao Yao , Yanfeng Wang , Weidi Xie