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Logical reasoning is a fundamental aspect of human intelligence and a key component of tasks like problem-solving and decision-making. Recent advancements have enabled Large Language Models (LLMs) to potentially exhibit reasoning…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-11-13 Jiazhan Feng , Ruochen Xu , Junheng Hao , Hiteshi Sharma , Yelong Shen , Dongyan Zhao , Weizhu Chen

Machine Reading Comprehension (MRC) has become enormously popular recently and has attracted a lot of attention. However, the existing reading comprehension datasets are mostly in English. In this paper, we introduce a Span-Extraction…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-11-05 Yiming Cui , Ting Liu , Wanxiang Che , Li Xiao , Zhipeng Chen , Wentao Ma , Shijin Wang , Guoping Hu

Chain-of-Thought (CoT) reasoning has emerged as a powerful tool for enhancing the problem-solving capabilities of large language models (LLMs). However, the theoretical foundations of learning from CoT data remain underdeveloped, and…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-07-29 Shai Shalev-Shwartz , Amnon Shashua

Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly evaluated on reasoning tasks, yet their logical abilities remain contested. To address this, we study LLMs' reasoning in a well-defined fragment of logic: syllogistic reasoning. We cast the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-27 Leonardo Bertolazzi , Manuel Vargas Guzmán , Raffaella Bernardi , Maciej Malicki , Jakub Szymanik

Humans often have to read multiple documents to address their information needs. However, most existing reading comprehension (RC) tasks only focus on questions for which the contexts provide all the information required to answer them,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-11-17 James Ferguson , Matt Gardner , Hannaneh Hajishirzi , Tushar Khot , Pradeep Dasigi

Large reasoning models (LRMs) like OpenAI o1 and DeepSeek R1 have demonstrated impressive performance on complex reasoning tasks like mathematics and programming with long Chain-of-Thought (CoT) reasoning sequences (slow-thinking), compared…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-07-15 Jason Zhu , Hongyu Li

Large Language Models (LLMs) excel in natural language tasks but still face challenges in Question Answering (QA) tasks requiring complex, multi-step reasoning. We outline the types of reasoning required in some of these tasks, and reframe…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-17 Nick Ferguson , Liane Guillou , Alan Bundy , Kwabena Nuamah

New NLP benchmarks are urgently needed to align with the rapid development of large language models (LLMs). We present C-Eval, the first comprehensive Chinese evaluation suite designed to assess advanced knowledge and reasoning abilities of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-11-07 Yuzhen Huang , Yuzhuo Bai , Zhihao Zhu , Junlei Zhang , Jinghan Zhang , Tangjun Su , Junteng Liu , Chuancheng Lv , Yikai Zhang , Jiayi Lei , Yao Fu , Maosong Sun , Junxian He

Visual understanding goes well beyond object recognition. With one glance at an image, we can effortlessly imagine the world beyond the pixels: for instance, we can infer people's actions, goals, and mental states. While this task is easy…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-03-27 Rowan Zellers , Yonatan Bisk , Ali Farhadi , Yejin Choi

This study systematically evaluated the mathematical reasoning capabilities of Large Language Models (LLMs) using the 2026 Korean College Scholastic Ability Test (CSAT) Mathematics section, ensuring a completely contamination-free…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-02 Goun Pyeon , Inbum Heo , Jeesu Jung , Taewook Hwang , Hyuk Namgoong , Hyein Seo , Yerim Han , Eunbin Kim , Hyeonseok Kang , Sangkeun Jung

Logical reasoning is a critical component of Large Language Models (LLMs), and substantial research efforts in recent years have aimed to enhance their deductive reasoning capabilities. However, existing deductive reasoning benchmarks,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-12 Michael K. Chen , Xikun Zhang , Dacheng Tao

Many reasoning, planning, and problem-solving tasks share an intrinsic algorithmic nature: correctly simulating each step is a sufficient condition to solve them correctly. We collect pairs of naturalistic and synthetic reasoning tasks to…

Recent advances such as OpenAI-o1 and DeepSeek R1 have demonstrated the potential of Reinforcement Learning (RL) to enhance reasoning abilities in Large Language Models (LLMs). While open-source replication efforts have primarily focused on…

Reasoning is central to human intelligence. However, fallacious arguments are common, and some exacerbate problems such as spreading misinformation about climate change. In this paper, we propose the task of logical fallacy detection, and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-12-13 Zhijing Jin , Abhinav Lalwani , Tejas Vaidhya , Xiaoyu Shen , Yiwen Ding , Zhiheng Lyu , Mrinmaya Sachan , Rada Mihalcea , Bernhard Schölkopf

Mathematics education, a crucial and basic field, significantly influences students' learning in related subjects and their future careers. Utilizing artificial intelligence to interpret and comprehend math problems in education is not yet…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-12 Pegah Ahadian , Yunhe Feng , Karl Kosko , Richard Ferdig , Qiang Guan

Mathematical reasoning poses a significant challenge for language models due to its complex and structured nature. In this paper, we introduce DeepSeekMath 7B, which continues pre-training DeepSeek-Coder-Base-v1.5 7B with 120B math-related…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-30 Zhihong Shao , Peiyi Wang , Qihao Zhu , Runxin Xu , Junxiao Song , Xiao Bi , Haowei Zhang , Mingchuan Zhang , Y. K. Li , Y. Wu , Daya Guo

Pretrained language models have shown superior performance on many natural language processing tasks, yet they still struggle at multi-step formal reasoning tasks like grade school math problems. One key challenge of finetuning them to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-02-20 Ansong Ni , Jeevana Priya Inala , Chenglong Wang , Oleksandr Polozov , Christopher Meek , Dragomir Radev , Jianfeng Gao

Large language models (LLMs) have significantly advanced natural language understanding and demonstrated strong problem-solving abilities. Despite these successes, most LLMs still struggle with solving mathematical problems due to the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-27 Meng Fang , Xiangpeng Wan , Fei Lu , Fei Xing , Kai Zou

Mathematical reasoning remains one of the most challenging domains for large language models (LLMs), requiring not only linguistic understanding but also structured logical deduction and numerical precision. While recent LLMs demonstrate…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-27 Mahbub E Sobhani , Md. Faiyaz Abdullah Sayeedi , Tasnim Mohiuddin , Md Mofijul Islam , Swakkhar Shatabda

Reasoning is a fundamental cognitive process that enables logical inference, problem-solving, and decision-making. With the rapid advancement of large language models (LLMs), reasoning has emerged as a key capability that distinguishes…