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Brain Foundation Models (BFMs) are transforming neuroscience by enabling scalable and transferable learning from neural signals, advancing both clinical diagnostics and cutting-edge neuroscience exploration. Their emergence is powered by…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-13 Fanqi Shen , Enhong Yang , Jiahe Li , Junru Hong , Xiaoran Pan , Zhizhang Yuan , Meng Li , Yang Yang

Multimodal neuroimaging grants a powerful in vivo window into the structure and function of the human brain. Recent methodological and conceptual advances have enabled investigations of the interplay between large-scale spatial trends, or…

Human brain activity collected in the form of Electroencephalography (EEG), even with low number of sensors, is an extremely rich signal. Traces collected from multiple channels and with high sampling rates capture many important aspects of…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2014-03-13 Arkadiusz Stopczynski , Dazza Greenwood , Lars Kai Hansen , Alex Pentland

NeuroNet is a deep convolutional neural network mimicking multiple popular and state-of-the-art brain segmentation tools including FSL, SPM, and MALPEM. The network is trained on 5,000 T1-weighted brain MRI scans from the UK Biobank Imaging…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-06-13 Martin Rajchl , Nick Pawlowski , Daniel Rueckert , Paul M. Matthews , Ben Glocker

Unsupervised image segmentation is a critical task in computer vision. It enables dense scene understanding without human annotations, which is especially valuable in domains where labelled data is scarce. However, existing methods often…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-16 Boujemaa Guermazi , Riadh Ksantini , Naimul Khan

We present Clinica (www.clinica.run), an open-source software platform designed to make clinical neuroscience studies easier and more reproducible. Clinica aims for researchers to i) spend less time on data management and processing, ii)…

Deep learning has revolutionized neuroimage analysis by delivering unprecedented speed and accuracy. However, the narrow scope of many training datasets constrains model robustness and generalizability. This challenge is particularly acute…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-12-08 Malte Hoffmann

Recent years have witnessed a surge of interest in integrating high-dimensional data captured by multisource sensors, driven by the impressive success of neural networks in the integration of multimodal data. However, the integration of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-11-21 Morteza Ghahremani , Christian Wachinger

Biomedical data harmonization is essential for enabling exploratory analyses and meta-studies, but the process of schema matching - identifying semantic correspondences between elements of disparate datasets (schemas) - remains a…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Eden Wu , Dishita G Turakhia , Guande Wu , Christos Koutras , Sarah Keegan , Wenke Liu , Beata Szeitz , David Fenyo , Cláudio T. Silva , Juliana Freire

Standard neuroimaging techniques provide non-invasive access not only to human brain anatomy but also to its physiology. The activity recorded with these techniques is generally called functional imaging, but what is observed per se is an…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2019-02-25 David Papo

We introduce a parameterization method called Neural Bayes which allows computing statistical quantities that are in general difficult to compute and opens avenues for formulating new objectives for unsupervised representation learning.…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2020-02-24 Devansh Arpit , Huan Wang , Caiming Xiong , Richard Socher , Yoshua Bengio

With fast advancements in technologies, the collection of multiple types of measurements on a common set of subjects is becoming routine in science. Some notable examples include multimodal neuroimaging studies for the simultaneous…

Methodology · Statistics 2019-08-30 Yi Zhao , Lexin Li , Brian S. Caffo

Brain decoding involves the determination of a subject's cognitive state or an associated stimulus from functional neuroimaging data measuring brain activity. In this setting the cognitive state is typically characterized by an element of a…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2015-04-14 Nicole Croteau , Farouk S. Nathoo , Jiguo Cao , Ryan Budney

The emergence of sixth-generation (6G) networks has spurred the development of novel testbeds, including sub-THz networks, cell-free systems, and 6G simulators. To maximize the benefits of these systems, it is crucial to make the generated…

Embedding is a common technique for analyzing multi-dimensional data. However, the embedding projection cannot always form significant and interpretable visual structures that foreshadow underlying data patterns. We propose an approach that…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2022-09-26 Jie Li , Chun-qi Zhou

Neuroimaging provides essential tools for characterizing brain activity by quantifying connectivity strength between remote regions, using different modalities that capture different aspects of connectivity. Yet, decoding meaningful neural…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-08 Ce Ju , Reinmar Kobler , Antoine Collas , Motoaki Kawanabe , Cuntai Guan , Bertrand Thirion

Existing cross-subject fMRI decoding methods typically train a model on multiple scanned subjects and then adapt it to a new subject using substantial paired fMRI-image data. However, in realistic scenarios, new-subject fMRI data are often…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-05 Jintao Guo , Lin Wang , Shumeng Li , Jian Zhang , Yulin Zhou , Luyang Cao , Hairong Zheng , Yinghuan Shi

Investigation of the underlying physics or biology from empirical data requires a quantifiable notion of similarity - when do two observed data sets indicate nearly identical generating processes, and when they do not. The discriminating…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2014-01-07 Ishanu Chattopadhyay , Hod Lipson

Neurological disorders pose major global health challenges, driving advances in brain signal analysis. Scalp electroencephalography (EEG) and intracranial EEG (iEEG) are widely used for diagnosis and monitoring. However, dataset…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2025-10-24 Jiahe Li , Xin Chen , Fanqi Shen , Junru Chen , Yuxin Liu , Daoze Zhang , Zhizhang Yuan , Fang Zhao , Meng Li , Yang Yang

Reconstructing perceived images from human brain activity forms a crucial link between human and machine learning through Brain-Computer Interfaces. Early methods primarily focused on training separate models for each individual to account…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-01-27 Zhibo Tian , Ruijie Quan , Fan Ma , Kun Zhan , Yi Yang