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We study the problem of learning a latent tree graphical model where samples are available only from a subset of variables. We propose two consistent and computationally efficient algorithms for learning minimal latent trees, that is, trees…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2010-09-15 Myung Jin Choi , Vincent Y. F. Tan , Animashree Anandkumar , Alan S. Willsky

Knowing the causal structure of a system is of fundamental interest in many areas of science and can aid the design of prediction algorithms that work well under manipulations to the system. The causal structure becomes identifiable from…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2022-03-30 Martin Emil Jakobsen , Rajen D. Shah , Peter Bühlmann , Jonas Peters

We study the problem of recovering the structure underlying large Gaussian graphical models or, more generally, partial correlation graphs. In high-dimensional problems it is often too costly to store the entire sample covariance matrix. We…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2021-10-13 Gábor Lugosi , Jakub Truszkowski , Vasiliki Velona , Piotr Zwiernik

Causal structure learning, also known as causal discovery, aims to estimate causal relationships between variables as a form of a causal directed acyclic graph (DAG) from observational data. One of the major frameworks is the order-based…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-02-18 Kentaro Kanamori , Hirofumi Suzuki , Takuya Takagi

This work considers the problem of learning the structure of multivariate linear tree models, which include a variety of directed tree graphical models with continuous, discrete, and mixed latent variables such as linear-Gaussian models,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2011-11-09 Animashree Anandkumar , Kamalika Chaudhuri , Daniel Hsu , Sham M. Kakade , Le Song , Tong Zhang

We consider the problem of structure recovery in a graphical model of a tree where some variables are latent. Specifically, we focus on the Gaussian case, which can be reformulated as a well-studied problem: recovering a semi-labeled tree…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2025-08-12 Luc Devroye , Gabor Lugosi , Piotr Zwiernik

Tree structured graphical models are powerful at expressing long range or hierarchical dependency among many variables, and have been widely applied in different areas of computer science and statistics. However, existing methods for…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2014-01-17 Le Song , Han Liu , Ankur Parikh , Eric Xing

We study causal discovery from observational data in linear Gaussian systems affected by \emph{mixed latent confounding}, where some unobserved factors act broadly across many variables while others influence only small subsets. This…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-01 Amir Asiaee , Samhita Pal , James O'quinn , James P. Long

This paper studies the causal representation learning problem when the latent causal variables are observed indirectly through an unknown linear transformation. The objectives are: (i) recovering the unknown linear transformation (up to…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2023-05-02 Burak Varici , Emre Acarturk , Karthikeyan Shanmugam , Abhishek Kumar , Ali Tajer

We propose an adversarial training procedure for learning a causal implicit generative model for a given causal graph. We show that adversarial training can be used to learn a generative model with true observational and interventional…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-09-18 Murat Kocaoglu , Christopher Snyder , Alexandros G. Dimakis , Sriram Vishwanath

Acyclic model, often depicted as a directed acyclic graph (DAG), has been widely employed to represent directional causal relations among collected nodes. In this article, we propose an efficient method to learn linear non-Gaussian DAG in…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2021-11-02 Ruixuan Zhao , Xin He , Junhui Wang

We establish finite-sample guarantees for efficient proper learning of bounded-degree polytrees, a rich class of high-dimensional probability distributions and a subclass of Bayesian networks, a widely-studied type of graphical model.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-01-23 Davin Choo , Joy Qiping Yang , Arnab Bhattacharyya , Clément L. Canonne

This paper discusses algorithms for learning causal DAGs. The PC algorithm makes no assumptions other than the faithfulness to the causal model and can identify only up to the Markov equivalence class. LiNGAM assumes linearity and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-08 Ming Cai , Penggang Gao , Hisayuki Hara

We consider the problem of recovering the causal structure underlying observations from different experimental conditions when the targets of the interventions in each experiment are unknown. We assume a linear structural causal model with…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-03-13 Juan L. Gamella , Armeen Taeb , Christina Heinze-Deml , Peter Bühlmann

We study the problem of experiment design to learn causal structures from interventional data. We consider an active learning setting in which the experimenter decides to intervene on one of the variables in the system in each step and uses…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2020-09-09 Amir Amirinezhad , Saber Salehkaleybar , Matin Hashemi

This paper introduces Polynomial Graphical Lasso (PGL), a new approach to learning graph structures from nodal signals. Our key contribution lies in modeling the signals as Gaussian and stationary on the graph, enabling the development of a…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-04-04 Andrei Buciulea , Jiaxi Ying , Antonio G. Marques , Daniel P. Palomar

New biological assays like Perturb-seq link highly parallel CRISPR interventions to a high-dimensional transcriptomic readout, providing insight into gene regulatory networks. Causal gene regulatory networks can be represented by directed…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-02-22 Albert Xue , Jingyou Rao , Sriram Sankararaman , Harold Pimentel

Directed acyclic graphs (DAGs) constitute a central modeling tool to enable principled reasoning about cause-effect interactions in complex systems. However, since the causal structure underlying a group of variables is often unknown and…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-05-25 Gonzalo Mateos , Samuel Rey , Hamed Ajorlou , Mariano Tepper

There has been a growing interest in causal learning in recent years. Commonly used representations of causal structures, including Bayesian networks and structural equation models (SEM), take the form of directed acyclic graphs (DAGs). We…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-20 Pavel Rytir , Ales Wodecki , Jakub Marecek

Bayesian causal discovery aims to infer the posterior distribution over causal models from observed data, quantifying epistemic uncertainty and benefiting downstream tasks. However, computational challenges arise due to joint inference over…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-12-11 Yashas Annadani , Nick Pawlowski , Joel Jennings , Stefan Bauer , Cheng Zhang , Wenbo Gong