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Certifying that quantum devices behave as intended is crucial for quantum information science. Here, methods are developed for certification of both state preparation devices and measurement devices based on prepare-and-measure experiments…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-10-07 Armin Tavakoli

Self-testing is a method to characterise an arbitrary quantum system based only on its classical input-output correlations, and plays an important role in device-independent quantum information processing as well as quantum complexity…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-05-18 Tony Metger , Thomas Vidick

Certification of quantum devices received from unknown providers is a primary requirement before utilizing the devices for any information processing task. Here, we establish a protocol for certification of a particular set of $d$-outcome…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-05-20 Debarshi Das , Ananda G. Maity , Debashis Saha , A. S. Majumdar

We consider the problem of characterizing the set of input-output correlations that can be generated by an arbitrarily given quantum measurement. Our main result is to provide a closed-form, full characterization of such a set for any qubit…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-06-26 Michele Dall'Arno , Sarah Brandsen , Francesco Buscemi , Vlatko Vedral

Certifying a quantum state in a device-independent (DI) manner, in which no trust is placed on the internal workings of any physical components, is a fundamental task bearing various applications in quantum information theory. The…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-12-15 Rutvij Bhavsar , Lewis Wooltorton , Joonwoo Bae

Bell nonlocality is a fundamental phenomenon of quantum physics as well as an essential resource for various tasks in quantum information processing. It is known that for the observation of nonlocality the measurements on a quantum system…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-07-16 Martin Plávala , Otfried Gühne , Marco Túlio Quintino

We examine the use of noiseless subsystems for quantum information processing between two parties who do not share a common reference frame. In particular we focus on Bell inequalities in curved spaces and outline a theoretical procedure to…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Jonathan L. Ball

Incompatible, i.e. non-jointly measurable quantum measurements are a necessary resource for many information processing tasks. It is known that increasing the number of distinct measurements usually enhances the incompatibility of a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-09-28 Lucas Tendick , Hermann Kampermann , Dagmar Bruß

Self-testing refers to the possibility of characterizing an unknown quantum device based only on the observed statistics. Here we develop methods for self-testing entangled quantum measurements, a key element for quantum networks. Our…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-05-24 Marc-Olivier Renou , Jędrzej Kaniewski , Nicolas Brunner

Bell nonlocality -- the existence of quantum correlations that cannot be explained by classical means -- is certainly one of the most striking features of quantum mechanics. Its range of applications in device-independent protocols is…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-12-06 Rafael Santos , Debashis Saha , Flavio Baccari , Remigiusz Augusiak

In quantum information, device-independent protocols offer a new approach to information processing tasks, making minimal assumptions about the devices used. Typically, since these protocols draw conclusions directly from the data collected…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-07-22 Gelo Noel M. Tabia , Alex Yueh-Ting Shih , Jin-Yuan Zheng , Yeong-Cherng Liang

Quantum nonlocality is a counterintuitive phenomenon that lies beyond the purview of causal influences. Recently, Bell inequalities have been generalized to the case of quantum inputs, leading to a powerful family of semi-quantum Bell…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-08-12 Charles Ci Wen Lim

Self-testing of quantum devices based on observed measurement statistics is a method to certify quantum systems using minimal resources. In Ref. [Phys. Rev. \textbf{A} 101, 032106 (2020)], a scheme based on observing measurement statistics…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-12-03 Chellasamy Jebarathinam , Gautam Sharma , Sk Sazim , Remigiusz Augusiak

Bell's test, initially devised to distinguish quantum theory from local hidden variable models through {violations of local bounds}, is also a common tool for detecting entanglement. For this purpose, one can assume the quantum description…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-21 Liang-Liang Sun , Yong-Shun Song , Sixia Yu

We propose two quantum key distribution (QKD) protocols based on Bell's inequality, which can be considered as modified time-reversed E91 protocol. Similar to the measurement-device-independent quantum key distribution (MDI-QKD) protocol,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2014-07-29 Hua-Lei Yin , Yao Fu , Yan-Lin Tang , Yuan Li , Teng-Yun Chen , Zeng-Bing Chen

Nonlocal quantum realizations, certified by the violation of a Bell inequality, are core resources for device-independent quantum information processing. Although proof-of-principle experiments demonstrating device-independent quantum…

In many quantum information applications, a minimum detection efficiency must be exceeded to ensure success. Protocols depending on the violation of a Bell inequality, for instance, may be subject to the so-called detection loophole:…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-06-29 Jochen Szangolies , Hermann Kampermann , Dagmar Bruß

The certification of quantum resources is a critical tool in the development of quantum information processing. In particular, quantum state verification is a fundamental building block for communication and computation applications,…

Bell's theorem sets a boundary between the classical and quantum realms, by providing a strict proof of the existence of entangled quantum states with no classical counterpart. An experimental violation of Bell's inequality demands…

Device-independent quantum key distribution is a secure quantum cryptographic paradigm that allows two honest users to establish a secret key, while putting minimal trust in their devices. Most of the existing protocols have the following…