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Processing 3D data efficiently has always been a challenge. Spatial operations on large-scale point clouds, stored as sparse data, require extra cost. Attracted by the success of transformers, researchers are using multi-head attention for…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-08-02 Mahdi Saleh , Yige Wang , Nassir Navab , Benjamin Busam , Federico Tombari

We describe an efficient hierarchical method to compute attention in the Transformer architecture. The proposed attention mechanism exploits a matrix structure similar to the Hierarchical Matrix (H-Matrix) developed by the numerical…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-07-27 Zhenhai Zhu , Radu Soricut

Transformers and their attention mechanism have been revolutionary in the field of Machine Learning. While originally proposed for the language data, they quickly found their way to the image, video, graph, etc. data modalities with various…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-22 Saeed Amizadeh , Sara Abdali , Yinheng Li , Kazuhito Koishida

The traditional Transformer model encounters challenges with variable-length input sequences, particularly in Hyperspectral Image Classification (HSIC), leading to efficiency and scalability concerns. To overcome this, we propose a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-09-20 Muhammad Ahmad , Muhammad Hassaan Farooq Butt , Manuel Mazzara , Salvatore Distifano

3D object detection is an essential vision technique for various robotic systems, such as augmented reality and domestic robots. Transformers as versatile network architectures have recently seen great success in 3D point cloud object…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-05-10 Manli Shu , Le Xue , Ning Yu , Roberto Martín-Martín , Caiming Xiong , Tom Goldstein , Juan Carlos Niebles , Ran Xu

Ever since their conception, Transformers have taken over traditional sequence models in many tasks, such as NLP, image classification, and video/audio processing, for their fast training and superior performance. Much of the merit is…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-02-17 Hongyu Hè , Marko Kabic

Transformers have become the architecture of choice for learning long-range dependencies, yet their adoption in hyperspectral imaging (HSI) is still emerging. We reviewed more than 300 papers published up to 2025 and present the first…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-11 Guyang Zhang , Waleed Abdulla

Given the rapid development of 3D scanners, point clouds are becoming popular in AI-driven machines. However, point cloud data is inherently sparse and irregular, causing significant difficulties for machine perception. In this work, we…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-10-04 Shi Qiu , Saeed Anwar , Nick Barnes

Until now, it has been difficult for volumetric super-resolution to utilize the recent advances in transformer-based models seen in 2D super-resolution. The memory required for self-attention in 3D volumes limits the receptive field.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-10 August Leander Høeg , Sophia W. Bardenfleth , Hans Martin Kjer , Tim B. Dyrby , Vedrana Andersen Dahl , Anders Dahl

While point-based neural architectures have demonstrated their efficacy, the time-consuming sampler currently prevents them from performing real-time reasoning on scene-level point clouds. Existing methods attempt to overcome this issue by…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-05-24 Junyuan Ouyang , Xiao Liu , Haoyao Chen

Recurrent Neural Networks were, until recently, one of the best ways to capture the timely dependencies in sequences. However, with the introduction of the Transformer, it has been proven that an architecture with only attention-mechanisms…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-08-19 Radostin Cholakov , Todor Kolev

The Transformer is a highly successful deep learning model that has revolutionised the world of artificial neural networks, first in natural language processing and later in computer vision. This model is based on the attention mechanism…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-05-09 Riccardo Ughi , Eugenio Lomurno , Matteo Matteucci

Time series analysis faces significant challenges in handling variable-length data and achieving robust generalization. While Transformer-based models have advanced time series tasks, they often struggle with feature redundancy and limited…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-23 Kai Zhang , Siming Sun , Zhengyu Fan , Qinmin Yang , Xuejun Jiang

Time series forecasting requires architectures that simultaneously achieve three competing objectives: (1) strict temporal causality for reliable predictions, (2) sub-quadratic complexity for practical scalability, and (3) multi-scale…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-25 Qianru Zhang , Honggang Wen , Ming Li , Dong Huang , Siu-Ming Yiu , Christian S. Jensen , Pietro Liò

Time series forecasting is essential for many practical applications, with the adoption of transformer-based models on the rise due to their impressive performance in NLP and CV. Transformers' key feature, the attention mechanism,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-09 PeiSong Niu , Tian Zhou , Xue Wang , Liang Sun , Rong Jin

A key scalability challenge in neural solvers for industrial-scale physics simulations is efficiently capturing both fine-grained local interactions and long-range global dependencies across millions of spatial elements. We introduce the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-10 Pedro M. P. Curvo , Jan-Willem van de Meent , Maksim Zhdanov

The past several years have witnessed the success of transformer-based models, and their scale and application scenarios continue to grow aggressively. The current landscape of transformer models is increasingly diverse: the model size…

Transformer is a deep neural network that employs a self-attention mechanism to comprehend the contextual relationships within sequential data. Unlike conventional neural networks or updated versions of Recurrent Neural Networks (RNNs) such…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-14 Saidul Islam , Hanae Elmekki , Ahmed Elsebai , Jamal Bentahar , Najat Drawel , Gaith Rjoub , Witold Pedrycz

Deep neural networks are widely used for understanding 3D point clouds. At each point convolution layer, features are computed from local neighborhoods of 3D points and combined for subsequent processing in order to extract semantic…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-05-13 Jiayun Wang , Rudrasis Chakraborty , Stella X. Yu

Hyperdimensional computing (HDC) is an increasingly popular computing paradigm with immense potential for future intelligent applications. Although the main ideas already took form in the 1990s, HDC recently gained significant attention,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-11-15 Pieter Dewulf , Bernard De Baets , Michiel Stock
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