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Recently, symbolic structures were proposed as finite representations of potentially infinite first-order structures, where Linear Integer Arithmetic terms and formulas define the domain and interpretations of a structure. We generalize…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2026-05-14 Neta Elad , Sharon Shoham

We study the first-order (FO) model checking problem of dense graphs, namely those which have FO interpretations in (or are FO transductions of) some sparse graph classes. We give a structural characterization of the graph classes which are…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2018-05-07 Jakub Gajarský , Petr Hliněný , Daniel Lokshtanov , Jan Obdržálek , M. S. Ramanujan

In a constructive setting, no concrete formulation of ordinal numbers can simultaneously have all the properties one might be interested in; for example, being able to calculate limits of sequences is constructively incompatible with…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2023-05-18 Nicolai Kraus , Fredrik Nordvall Forsberg , Chuangjie Xu

This paper is about certain string-to-string functions, called the polyregular functions. These are like the regular string-to-string functions, except that they can have polynomial (and not just linear) growth. The class has four…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2018-10-23 Mikołaj Bojańczyk

Two results are presented concerning the entailment problem in Separation Logic with inductively defined predicate symbols and theory reasoning. First, we show that the entailment problem is undecidable for rules with bounded tree-width, if…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2022-06-22 Mnacho Echenim , Nicolas Peltier

Separation Logic is a widely used formalism for describing dynamically allocated linked data structures, such as lists, trees, etc. The decidability status of various fragments of the logic constitutes a long standing open problem. Current…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2013-04-02 Radu Iosif , Adam Rogalewicz , Jiri Simacek

We prove that, on bounded expansion classes, every first-order formula with modulo counting is equivalent, in a linear-time computable monadic expansion, to an existential first-order formula. As a consequence, we derive, on bounded…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2023-03-24 J. Nesetril , P. Ossona de Mendez , S. Siebertz

Within the model-theoretic framework for supervised learning introduced by Grohe and Tur\'an (TOCS 2004), we study the parameterized complexity of learning concepts definable in monadic second-order logic (MSO). We show that the problem of…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2025-01-20 Steffen van Bergerem , Martin Grohe , Nina Runde

We introduce a novel interpretable tree based algorithm for prediction in a regression setting. Our motivation is to estimate the unknown regression function from a functional decomposition perspective in which the functional components…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2023-08-04 Munir Hiabu , Enno Mammen , Joseph T. Meyer

Decision trees have been a very popular class of predictive models for decades due to their interpretability and good performance on categorical features. However, they are not always robust and tend to overfit the data. Additionally, if…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-08-14 Oktay Gunluk , Jayant Kalagnanam , Minhan Li , Matt Menickelly , Katya Scheinberg

For any first order theory T we construct a Boolean valued model M, in which precisely the T--provable formulas hold, and in which every (Boolean valued) subset which is invariant under all automorphisms of M is definable by a first order…

Logic · Mathematics 2016-09-07 Carsten Butz , Ieke Moerdijk

We define two classes of functions, called regular (respectively, first-order) list functions, which manipulate objects such as lists, lists of lists, pairs of lists, lists of pairs of lists, etc. The definition is in the style of regular…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2018-03-19 Mikolaj Bojanczyk , Laure Daviaud , Krishna Shankara Narayanan

For some geometric graph classes, tractability of testing first-order formulas is precisely characterised by the graph parameter twin-width. This was first proved for interval graphs among others in [BCKKLT, IPEC '22], where the equivalence…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2025-12-29 Colin Geniet , Gunwoo Kim , Lucas Meijer

Binary rooted trees, both in the ordered and in the un-ordered case, are well studied structures in the field of combinatorics. The aim of this work is to study particular patterns in these classes of trees. We consider completely…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2013-03-12 Filippo Disanto

In this paper, we consider situations in which a given logical function is realized by a multithreshold threshold function. In such situations, constant functions can be easily obtained from multithreshold threshold functions, and…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2013-01-03 Yukihiro Kamada , Kiyonori Miyasaki

The class of abelian $p$-groups are an example of some very interesting phenomena in computable structure theory. We will give an elementary first-order theory $T_p$ whose models are each bi-interpretable with the disjoint union of an…

Logic · Mathematics 2017-02-23 Matthew Harrison-Trainor

The output of a machine learning algorithm can usually be represented by one or more multivariate functions of its input variables. Knowing the global properties of such functions can help in understanding the system that produced the data…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-03-21 Jerome H. Friedman

We propose a new arithmetic for non-empty rooted unordered trees simply called trees. After discussing tree representation and enumeration, we define the operations of tree addition, multiplication and stretch, prove their properties, and…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2016-02-02 Fabrizio Luccio

Monadic second order logic (MSO2) plays an important role in parameterized complexity due to the Courcelle's theorem. This theorem states that the problem of checking if a given graph has a property specified by a given MSO2 formula can be…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-13 Petr Kučera , Petr Martinek

Order-invariant first-order logic is an extension of first-order logic FO where formulae can make use of a linear order on the structures, under the proviso that they are order-invariant, i.e. that their truth value is the same for all…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2025-04-09 Bartosz Bednarczyk , Julien Grange