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Transformers are increasingly dominating multi-modal reasoning tasks, such as visual question answering, achieving state-of-the-art results thanks to their ability to contextualize information using the self-attention and co-attention…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-03-30 Hila Chefer , Shir Gur , Lior Wolf

Fine-grained classification is a challenging task that involves identifying subtle differences between objects within the same category. This task is particularly challenging in scenarios where data is scarce. Visual transformers (ViT) have…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-05-18 Manuel Lagunas , Brayan Impata , Victor Martinez , Virginia Fernandez , Christos Georgakis , Sofia Braun , Felipe Bertrand

In this paper, we generate and control semantically interpretable filters that are directly learned from natural images in an unsupervised fashion. Each semantic filter learns a visually interpretable local structure in conjunction with…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-02-19 Mohit Prabhushankar , Gukyeong Kwon , Dogancan Temel , Ghassan AlRegib

Transformers have recently been utilized to perform object detection and tracking in the context of autonomous driving. One unique characteristic of these models is that attention weights are computed in each forward pass, giving insights…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-10-27 Felicia Ruppel , Florian Faion , Claudius Gläser , Klaus Dietmayer

Implicit neural representations (INRs) have emerged as a powerful paradigm for medical imaging via physics-informed unsupervised learning. Classical INRs optimize an entire network from scratch for each subject, leading to inefficient…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-07 Qing Wu , Xuanyu Tian , Chenhe Du , Haonan Zhang , Xiao Wang , Le Lu , Yuyao Zhang

We show how to "compile" human-readable programs into standard decoder-only transformer models. Our compiler, Tracr, generates models with known structure. This structure can be used to design experiments. For example, we use it to study…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-11-06 David Lindner , János Kramár , Sebastian Farquhar , Matthew Rahtz , Thomas McGrath , Vladimir Mikulik

Fine-grained visual classification aims to recognize objects belonging to many subordinate categories of a supercategory, where appearance alone often fails to distinguish highly similar classes. We propose a unified framework that…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-21 Sumit Mamtani , Yash Thesia

Transformers gain huge attention since they are first introduced and have a wide range of applications. Transformers start to take over all areas of deep learning and the Vision transformers paper also proved that they can be used for…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-10-18 Yiğit Gündüç

Image-text matching is an interesting and fascinating task in modern AI research. Despite the evolution of deep-learning-based image and text processing systems, multi-modal matching remains a challenging problem. In this work, we consider…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-01-27 Nicola Messina , Fabrizio Falchi , Andrea Esuli , Giuseppe Amato

Interpretability is often an essential requirement in medical imaging. Advanced deep learning methods are required to address this need for explainability and high performance. In this work, we investigate whether additional information…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-25 Luisa Gallee , Meinrad Beer , Michael Goetz

Many interpretable AI approaches have been proposed to provide plausible explanations for a model's decision-making. However, configuring an explainable model that effectively communicates among computational modules has received less…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-11-09 Jinyung Hong , Keun Hee Park , Theodore P. Pavlic

Models for image representation learning are typically designed for either recognition or generation. Various forms of contrastive learning help models learn to convert images to embeddings that are useful for classification, detection, and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Matthew Gwilliam , Xiao Wang , Xuefeng Hu , Zhenheng Yang

Inner interpretability is a promising field aiming to uncover the internal mechanisms of AI systems through scalable, automated methods. While significant research has been conducted on large language models, limited attention has been paid…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-09 Jinyung Hong , Yearim Kim , Keun Hee Park , Sangyu Han , Nojun Kwak , Theodore P. Pavlic

Vision Transformers (ViTs) have shown competitive accuracy in image classification tasks compared with CNNs. Yet, they generally require much more data for model pre-training. Most of recent works thus are dedicated to designing more…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-06-08 Daquan Zhou , Yujun Shi , Bingyi Kang , Weihao Yu , Zihang Jiang , Yuan Li , Xiaojie Jin , Qibin Hou , Jiashi Feng

The emergence of vision transformers (ViTs) in image classification has shifted the methodologies for visual representation learning. In particular, ViTs learn visual representation at full receptive field per layer across all the image…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-08-05 Li Zhang , Jiachen Lu , Sixiao Zheng , Xinxuan Zhao , Xiatian Zhu , Yanwei Fu , Tao Xiang , Jianfeng Feng , Philip H. S. Torr

Table structure recognition (TSR) aims to convert tabular images into a machine-readable format, where a visual encoder extracts image features and a textual decoder generates table-representing tokens. Existing approaches use classic…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-11-10 ShengYun Peng , Seongmin Lee , Xiaojing Wang , Rajarajeswari Balasubramaniyan , Duen Horng Chau

Image deblurring continues to achieve impressive performance with the development of generative models. Nonetheless, there still remains a displeasing problem if one wants to improve perceptual quality and quantitative scores of recovered…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-01-30 Pengwei Liang , Junjun Jiang , Xianming Liu , Jiayi Ma

As the computing power of modern hardware is increasing strongly, pre-trained deep learning models (e.g., BERT, GPT-3) learned on large-scale datasets have shown their effectiveness over conventional methods. The big progress is mainly…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-11-09 Hanting Chen , Yunhe Wang , Tianyu Guo , Chang Xu , Yiping Deng , Zhenhua Liu , Siwei Ma , Chunjing Xu , Chao Xu , Wen Gao

Transformer has been very successful in various computer vision tasks and understanding the working mechanism of transformer is important. As touchstones, weakly-supervised semantic segmentation (WSSS) and class activation map (CAM) are…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-26 Lianghui Zhu , Yingyue Li , Jiemin Fang , Yan Liu , Hao Xin , Wenyu Liu , Xinggang Wang

Transformers have become the dominant model in natural language processing, owing to their ability to pretrain on massive amounts of data, then transfer to smaller, more specific tasks via fine-tuning. The Vision Transformer was the first…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-12-21 Josh Beal , Eric Kim , Eric Tzeng , Dong Huk Park , Andrew Zhai , Dmitry Kislyuk