Related papers: Hierarchical quandles
We inductively define layers of colorings of knot and knotted surface diagrams using ternary quasigroups. Homological invariants from such systems of colorings use shorter differentials and of higher degree than the standard homology…
We study the quandle counting invariant for a certain family of finite quandles with trivial orbit subquandles. We show how these invariants determine the linking number of classical two-component links up to sign.
For an oriented knot $K$, we construct a functor from the category of pointed quandles to the category of quandles in three different ways. We also extend the quandle cocycle invariants of knots by using these quandle-valued invariant of…
This article surveys many aspects of the theory of quandles which algebraically encode the Reidemeister moves. In addition to knot theory, quandles have found applications in other areas which are only mentioned in passing here. The main…
The paper establishes new relationship between cohomology, extensions and automorphisms of quandles. We derive a four term exact sequence relating quandle 1-cocycles, second quandle cohomology and certain group of automorphisms of an…
We define new invariants of knots by means of quandle colorings and longitudinal information. These invariants can be applied to a tangle embedding problem and recognizing non-classical virtual knots.
We introduce a generalization of the quandle polynomial. We prove that our polynomial is an invariant of stuquandles. Furthermore, we use the invariant of stuquandles to define a polynomial invariant of stuck links. As a byproduct, we…
In this paper, we introduce biquandle power brackets, an infinite family of invariants of oriented links containing the classical skein invariants and the quandle and biquandle 2-cocycle invariants as special cases. Biquandle power brackets…
Homomorphisms on quandle cohomology groups that raise the dimensions by one are studied in relation to the cocycle state-sum invariants of knots and knotted surfaces. Skein relations are also studied.
We introduce a notion of ternary distributive algebraic structure, give examples, and relate it to the notion of a quandle. Classification is given for low order structures of this type. Constructions of such structures from ternary…
We introduce two new families of polynomial invariants of oriented classical and virtual knots and links defined as decategorfications of the quandle coloring quiver. We provide examples to illustrate the computation of the invariants, show…
We construct elements of the third quandle homology groups of knot quandles, which are called the shadow fundamental classes. They play the same roles for the shadow quandle cocycle invariants of knots as the fundamental classes of knot…
While knotoids on the sphere are well-understood by a variety of invariants, knotoids on the plane have proven more subtle to classify due to their multitude over knotoids on the sphere and a lack of invariants that detect a diagram's…
Quandle colorings and cocycle invariants are studied for composite knots, and applied to chirality and abelian extensions. The square and granny knots, for example, can be distinguished by quandle colorings, so that a trefoil and its mirror…
We show that quandle rings and their idempotents lead to proper enhancements of the well-known quandle coloring invariant of links in the 3-space. We give explicit examples to show that the new invariants are also stronger than the $\Hom$…
We show that the cohomology groups usually associated with racks and quandles agree with the Quillen cohomology groups for the algebraic theories of racks and quandles, respectively. We also explain how this makes available the entire range…
In this paper, we extend the notion of directed clique complex to quivers and introduce an associated homology theory. By applying this construction to biquandle coloring quivers, we obtain new invariants of links. We then introduce a…
Biracks are algebraic structures related to knots and links. We define a new enhancement of the birack counting invariant for oriented classical and virtual knots and links via algebraic structures called birack dynamical cocycles. The new…
Three new knot invariants are defined using cocycles of the generalized quandle homology theory that was proposed by Andruskiewitsch and Gra\~na. We specialize that theory to the case when there is a group action on the coefficients. First,…
We enhance the psyquandle counting invariant for singular knots and pseudoknots using quivers analogously to quandle coloring quivers. This enables us to extend the in-degree polynomial invariants from quandle coloring quiver theory to the…