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Emotion labels in emotion recognition corpora are highly noisy and ambiguous, due to the annotators' subjective perception of emotions. Such ambiguity may introduce errors in automatic classification and affect the overall performance. We…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2019-11-11 Takuya Fujioka , Dario Bertero , Takeshi Homma , Kenji Nagamatsu

Successful management of emotional stimuli is a pivotal issue concerning Affective Computing (AC) and the related research. As a subfield of Artificial Intelligence, AC is concerned not only with the design of computer systems and the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2009-03-05 Marko Horvat , Sinisa Popovic , Nikola Bogunovic , Kresimir Cosic

Pre-trained large language models have recently achieved ground-breaking performance in a wide variety of language understanding tasks. However, the same model can not be applied to multimodal behavior understanding tasks (e.g., video…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-03-30 Md Kamrul Hasan , Md Saiful Islam , Sangwu Lee , Wasifur Rahman , Iftekhar Naim , Mohammed Ibrahim Khan , Ehsan Hoque

Speech emotion recognition (SER), particularly for naturally expressed emotions, remains a challenging computational task. Key challenges include the inherent subjectivity in emotion annotation and the imbalanced distribution of emotion…

Sound · Computer Science 2025-06-03 Tiantian Feng , Thanathai Lertpetchpun , Dani Byrd , Shrikanth Narayanan

Current LLM agents typically lack instance-level context, which comprises concrete facts such as environment structure, system configurations, and local mechanics. Consequently, existing methods are forced to intertwine exploration with…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-14 Kuntai Cai , Juncheng Liu , Xianglin Yang , Zhaojie Niu , Xiaokui Xiao , Xing Chen

Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly strong contenders in machine translation. In this work, we focus on document-level translation, where some words cannot be translated without context from outside the sentence. Specifically, we…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-17 Wafaa Mohammed , Vlad Niculae

Audio Large Language Models (AudioLLMs) have achieved strong results in semantic tasks like speech recognition and translation, but remain limited in modeling paralinguistic cues such as emotion. Existing approaches often treat emotion…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Wenyu Zhang , Yingxu He , Geyu Lin , Zhuohan Liu , Shuo Sun , Bin Wang , Xunlong Zou , Jeremy H. M. Wong , Qiongqiong Wang , Hardik B. Sailor , Nancy F. Chen , Ai Ti Aw

In the time-series domain, an increasing number of works combine text with temporal data to leverage the reasoning capabilities of large language models (LLMs) for various downstream time-series understanding tasks. This enables a single…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-11 Zhirui Zhang , Changhua Pei , Tianyi Gao , Zhe Xie , Yibo Hao , Zhaoyang Yu , Longlong Xu , Tong Xiao , Jing Han , Dan Pei

Emotion recognition in conversations is essential for ensuring advanced human-machine interactions. However, creating robust and accurate emotion recognition systems in real life is challenging, mainly due to the scarcity of emotion…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-08-30 Théo Deschamps-Berger , Lori Lamel , Laurence Devillers

Research in emotion analysis is scattered across different label formats (e.g., polarity types, basic emotion categories, and affective dimensions), linguistic levels (word vs. sentence vs. discourse), and, of course, (few well-resourced…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-11-09 Sven Buechel , Luise Modersohn , Udo Hahn

In the rapidly evolving field of Explainable Natural Language Processing (NLP), textual explanations, i.e., human-like rationales, are pivotal for explaining model predictions and enriching datasets with interpretable labels. Traditional…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-12 Mahdi Dhaini , Juraj Vladika , Ege Erdogan , Zineb Attaoui , Gjergji Kasneci

Large language models encode impressively broad world knowledge in their parameters. However, the knowledge in static language models falls out of date, limiting the model's effective "shelf life." While online fine-tuning can reduce this…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-24 Nathan Hu , Eric Mitchell , Christopher D. Manning , Chelsea Finn

Emotion recognition is the task of classifying perceived emotions in people. Previous works have utilized various nonverbal cues to extract features from images and correlate them to emotions. Of these cues, situational context is…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-05-08 Willams de Lima Costa , Estefania Talavera Martinez , Lucas Silva Figueiredo , Veronica Teichrieb

Context-aware neural machine translation aims to use the document-level context to improve translation quality. However, not all words in the context are helpful. The irrelevant or trivial words may bring some noise and distract the model…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-04-20 Jian Yang , Yuwei Yin , Shuming Ma , Liqun Yang , Hongcheng Guo , Haoyang Huang , Dongdong Zhang , Yutao Zeng , Zhoujun Li , Furu Wei

Emotion classification is often formulated as the task to categorize texts into a predefined set of emotion classes. So far, this task has been the recognition of the emotion of writers and readers, as well as that of entities mentioned in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-04-12 Enrica Troiano , Laura Oberländer , Maximilian Wegge , Roman Klinger

When pre-trained on large unsupervised textual corpora, language models are able to store and retrieve factual knowledge to some extent, making it possible to use them directly for zero-shot cloze-style question answering. However, storing…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-05-12 Fabio Petroni , Patrick Lewis , Aleksandra Piktus , Tim Rocktäschel , Yuxiang Wu , Alexander H. Miller , Sebastian Riedel

Although speech emotion recognition (SER) has advanced significantly with deep learning, annotation remains a major hurdle. Human annotation is not only costly but also subject to inconsistencies annotators often have different preferences…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-06-02 Xin Jing , Jiadong Wang , Iosif Tsangko , Andreas Triantafyllopoulos , Björn W. Schuller

Emotion estimation in images is a challenging task, typically using computer vision methods to directly estimate people's emotions using face, body pose and contextual cues. In this paper, we explore whether Large Language Models (LLMs) can…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-09-26 Vera Yang , Archita Srivastava , Yasaman Etesam , Chuxuan Zhang , Angelica Lim

Advancements in emotion aware language processing increasingly shape vital NLP applications ranging from conversational AI and affective computing to computational psychology and creative content generation. Existing emotion datasets either…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-14 Vishal Gandhi , Sagar Gandhi

Nowadays, an abundance of short text is being generated that uses nonstandard writing styles influenced by regional languages. Such informal and code-switched content are under-resourced in terms of labeled datasets and language models even…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-04-07 Muhammad Haroon Shakeel , Asim Karim