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Area Under the Receiver Operating Characteristic Curve (AUC-ROC) is a popular evaluation metric for binary classifiers. In this paper, we discuss techniques to segment the AUC-ROC along human-interpretable dimensions. AUC-ROC is not an…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-05-25 Arya Tafvizi , Besim Avci , Mukund Sundararajan

Distributionally robust optimization (DRO) studies decision problems under uncertainty where the probability distribution governing the uncertain problem parameters is itself uncertain. A key component of any DRO model is its ambiguity set,…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-05-28 Daniel Kuhn , Soroosh Shafiee , Wolfram Wiesemann

Distributionally robust optimization (DRO) can improve the robustness and fairness of learning methods. In this paper, we devise stochastic algorithms for a class of DRO problems including group DRO, subpopulation fairness, and empirical…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-03 Tasuku Soma , Khashayar Gatmiry , Sharut Gupta , Stefanie Jegelka

We consider the problem of distributionally robust multimodal machine learning. Existing approaches often rely on merging modalities on the feature level (early fusion) or heuristic uncertainty modeling, which downplays modality-aware…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-11 Peilin Yang , Yu Ma

In high-stakes risk prediction, quantifying uncertainty through interval-valued predictions is essential for reliable decision-making. However, standard evaluation tools like the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve and the area…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-05 Yuqi Li , Matthew M. Engelhard

The Area Under the ROC Curve (AUC) is an important model metric for evaluating binary classifiers, and many algorithms have been proposed to optimize AUC approximately. It raises the question of whether the generally insignificant gains…

Computational Geometry · Computer Science 2023-06-05 Baojian Zhou , Steven Skiena

Background: Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curves are widely used to evaluate the performance of Software Defect Prediction (SDP) models that estimate module fault-proneness, i.e., the probability that a module is faulty. A ROC…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-04-23 Luigi Lavazza , Gabriele Rotoloni , Sandro Morasca

The area under the ROC curve (AUC) is a measure of interest in various machine learning and data mining applications. It has been widely used to evaluate classification performance on heavily imbalanced data. The kernelized AUC maximization…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-04-30 Majdi Khalid , Indrakshi Ray , Hamidreza Chitsaz

Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve is an informative tool in binary classification and Area Under ROC Curve (AUC) is a popular metric for reporting performance of binary classifiers. In this paper, first we present a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-09-14 Khashayar Namdar , Masoom A. Haider , Farzad Khalvati

This paper studies Distributionally Robust Optimization (DRO), a fundamental framework for enhancing the robustness and generalization of statistical learning and optimization. An effective ambiguity set for DRO must involve distributions…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Jiaqi Wen , Jianyi Yang

The Area Under the ROC Curve (AUC) is a well-known metric for evaluating instance-level long-tail learning problems. In the past two decades, many AUC optimization methods have been proposed to improve model performance under long-tail…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-11 Boyu Han , Qianqian Xu , Zhiyong Yang , Shilong Bao , Peisong Wen , Yangbangyan Jiang , Qingming Huang

The predictive quality of machine learning models is typically measured in terms of their (approximate) expected prediction error or the so-called Area Under the Curve (AUC) for a particular data distribution. However, when the models are…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-02-08 Hiva Ghanbari , Katya Scheinberg

Areas under ROC (AUROC) and precision-recall curves (AUPRC) are common metrics for evaluating classification performance for imbalanced problems. Compared with AUROC, AUPRC is a more appropriate metric for highly imbalanced datasets. While…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-04-14 Qi Qi , Youzhi Luo , Zhao Xu , Shuiwang Ji , Tianbao Yang

It is well-known that deep learning models are vulnerable to adversarial examples. Existing studies of adversarial training have made great progress against this challenge. As a typical trait, they often assume that the class distribution…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-06-27 Wenzheng Hou , Qianqian Xu , Zhiyong Yang , Shilong Bao , Yuan He , Qingming Huang

Stochastic and (distributionally) robust optimization problems often become computationally challenging as the number of scenarios or data points increases. Scenario reduction is therefore a key technique for improving tractability. We…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2026-03-10 Kevin-Martin Aigner , Sebastian Denzler , Frauke Liers , Sebastian Pokutta , Kartikey Sharma

Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curves are plots of true positive rate versus false positive rate which are useful for evaluating binary classification models, but difficult to use for learning since the Area Under the Curve (AUC)…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2021-07-06 Jonathan Hillman , Toby Dylan Hocking

The distributionally robust optimization (DRO)-based graph neural network methods improve recommendation systems' out-of-distribution (OOD) generalization by optimizing the model's worst-case performance. However, these studies fail to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-28 Chu Zhao , Enneng Yang , Yuliang Liang , Jianzhe Zhao , Guibing Guo , Xingwei Wang

The Area Under the Curve (AUC) is an important performance metric for classification tasks, particularly in class-imbalanced scenarios. However, minimizing the AUC presents significant challenges due to the non-convex and discontinuous…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-27 JunRu Luo , Difei Cheng , Bo Zhang

Learning-based techniques have become popular in both model predictive control (MPC) and reinforcement learning (RL). Probabilistic ensemble (PE) models offer a promising approach for modelling system dynamics, showcasing the ability to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-07 Yuan Zhang , Jasper Hoffmann , Joschka Boedecker

To train machine learning models that are robust to distribution shifts in the data, distributionally robust optimization (DRO) has been proven very effective. However, the existing approaches to learning a distributionally robust model…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-03-21 Farzin Haddadpour , Mohammad Mahdi Kamani , Mehrdad Mahdavi , Amin Karbasi