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Accessing knowledge via multilingual natural-language interfaces is one of the emerging challenges in the field of information retrieval and related ones. Structured knowledge stored in knowledge graphs can be queried via a specific query…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-24 Aleksandr Perevalov , Andreas Both

Question Answering over Knowledge Graph (KGQA) aims to seek answer entities for the natural language question from a large-scale Knowledge Graph~(KG). To better perform reasoning on KG, recent work typically adopts a pre-trained language…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-01-02 Jinhao Jiang , Kun Zhou , Wayne Xin Zhao , Yaliang Li , Ji-Rong Wen

The growing trend of Large Language Models (LLM) development has attracted significant attention, with models for various applications emerging consistently. However, the combined application of Large Language Models with semantic…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-09 Milena Trajanoska , Riste Stojanov , Dimitar Trajanov

Competency question (CQ) formulation is central to several ontology development and evaluation methodologies. Traditionally, the task of crafting these competency questions heavily relies on the effort of domain experts and knowledge…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-02-13 Xueli Pan , Jacco van Ossenbruggen , Victor de Boer , Zhisheng Huang

Large language models excel in question-answering (QA) yet still struggle with multi-hop reasoning and temporal questions. Query-based knowledge graph QA (KGQA) offers a modular alternative by generating executable queries instead of direct…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-17 Artem Alekseev , Mikhail Chaichuk , Miron Butko , Alexander Panchenko , Elena Tutubalina , Oleg Somov

The inherent difficulty of knowledge specification and the lack of trained specialists are some of the key obstacles on the way to making intelligent systems based on the knowledge representation and reasoning (KRR) paradigm commonplace.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-02-19 Tiantian Gao , Paul Fodor , Michael Kifer

The integration of knowledge graphs (KGs) with large language models (LLMs) offers significant potential to improve the retrieval phase of retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) systems. In this study, we propose KG-CQR, a novel framework for…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-09 Chi Minh Bui , Ngoc Mai Thieu , Van Vinh Nguyen , Jason J. Jung , Khac-Hoai Nam Bui

Knowledge Graph Question Answering (KGQA) systems are based on machine learning algorithms, requiring thousands of question-answer pairs as training examples or natural language processing pipelines that need module fine-tuning. In this…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-02-03 Daniel Vollmers , Rricha Jalota , Diego Moussallem , Hardik Topiwala , Axel-Cyrille Ngonga Ngomo , Ricardo Usbeck

Knowledge Graphs (KG) act as a great tool for holding distilled information from large natural language text corpora. The problem of natural language querying over knowledge graphs is essential for the human consumption of this information.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-12-22 Aayushee Gupta , K. M. Annervaz , Ambedkar Dukkipati , Shubhashis Sengupta

Semantic text embedding is essential to many tasks in Natural Language Processing (NLP). While black-box models are capable of generating high-quality embeddings, their lack of interpretability limits their use in tasks that demand…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-07 Yiqun Sun , Qiang Huang , Yixuan Tang , Anthony K. H. Tung , Jun Yu

Knowledge Base Question Answering (KBQA) aims to answer natural language questions using structured knowledge from KBs. While LLM-only approaches offer generalization, they suffer from outdated knowledge, hallucinations, and lack of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-18 Yihua Zhu , Qianying Liu , Akiko Aizawa , Hidetoshi Shimodaira

Uncertainty Quantification (UQ) for Natural Language Generation (NLG) is crucial for assessing the performance of Large Language Models (LLMs), as it reveals confidence in predictions, identifies failure modes, and gauges output…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-09 Sean Wang , Yicheng Jiang , Yuxin Tang , Lu Cheng , Hanjie Chen

We analyze knowledge-based visual question answering, for which given a question, the models need to ground it into the visual modality and retrieve the relevant knowledge from a given large knowledge base (KB) to be able to answer. Our…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-04-17 Elham J. Barezi , Parisa Kordjamshidi

The recent advances in large language models (LLM) and foundation models with emergent capabilities have been shown to improve the performance of many NLP tasks. LLMs and Knowledge Graphs (KG) can complement each other such that LLMs can be…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-08-07 Nandana Mihindukulasooriya , Sanju Tiwari , Carlos F. Enguix , Kusum Lata

Complex logical query answering (CLQA) is a challenging task that involves finding answer entities for complex logical queries over incomplete knowledge graphs (KGs). Previous research has explored the use of pre-trained knowledge graph…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-10-10 Changyi Xiao , Yixin Cao

Knowledge graphs (KGs) are large datasets with specific structures representing large knowledge bases (KB) where each node represents a key entity and relations amongst them are typed edges. Natural language queries formed to extract…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-05-01 Abir Chakraborty

The generalization problem on KBQA has drawn considerable attention. Existing research suffers from the generalization issue brought by the entanglement in the coarse-grained modeling of the logical expression, or inexecutability issues due…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-06-27 Lingxi Zhang , Jing Zhang , Yanling Wang , Shulin Cao , Xinmei Huang , Cuiping Li , Hong Chen , Juanzi Li

Natural Question Answering (QA) datasets play a crucial role in evaluating the capabilities of large language models (LLMs), ensuring their effectiveness in real-world applications. Despite the numerous QA datasets that have been developed…

Natural language question answering (QA) over structured data sources such as tables and knowledge graphs have been widely investigated, especially with Large Language Models (LLMs) in recent years. The main solutions include question to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-16 Wen Zhang , Long Jin , Yushan Zhu , Jiaoyan Chen , Zhiwei Huang , Junjie Wang , Yin Hua , Lei Liang , Huajun Chen

Question Answering (QA) is the task of automatically answering questions posed by humans in natural languages. There are different settings to answer a question, such as abstractive, extractive, boolean, and multiple-choice QA. As a popular…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-04-07 Zhichao Duan , Xiuxing Li , Zhengyan Zhang , Zhenyu Li , Ning Liu , Jianyong Wang
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