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In the last decade, an impressive increase in software adaptions has led to a surge in log data production, making manual log analysis impractical and establishing the necessity for automated methods. Conversely, most automated analysis…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-11-19 Shayan Hashemi , Mika Mäntylä

Log parsing is an essential task in log analysis, and many tools have been designed to accomplish it. Existing log parsers can be categorized into statistic-based and semantic-based approaches. In comparison to semantic-based parsers,…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-08-14 Qiaolin Qin , Xingfang Wu , Heng Li , Ettore Merlo

In modern Machine Learning, model training is an iterative, experimental process that can consume enormous computation resources and developer time. To aid in that process, experienced model developers log and visualize program variables…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2020-12-03 Rolando Garcia , Eric Liu , Vikram Sreekanti , Bobby Yan , Anusha Dandamudi , Joseph E. Gonzalez , Joseph M. Hellerstein , Koushik Sen

Modern organizations increasingly rely on log data and monitoring signals to protect products against account takeovers and abuse, yet integrating security analytics into fast-moving Agile workflows remains challenging. While it is…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-05-04 Arpit Thool , Chris Brown

Logs are a critical data source for cloud systems, enabling advanced features like monitoring, alerting, and root cause analysis. However, the massive scale and diverse formats of unstructured logs pose challenges for adaptable, efficient,…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-04-15 Zeyan Li , Jie Song , Tieying Zhang , Tao Yang , Xiongjun Ou , Yingjie Ye , Pengfei Duan , Muchen Lin , Jianjun Chen

Logging code plays an important role in software systems by recording key events and behaviors, which are essential for debugging and monitoring. However, insecure logging practices can inadvertently expose sensitive information or enable…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-04-23 He Yang Yuan , Xin Wang , Kundi Yao , An Ran Chen , Zishuo Ding , Zhenhao Li

With the advent of modern embedded systems, logging as a process is becoming more and more prevalent for diagnostic and analytic services. Traditionally, storage and managing of the logged data are generally kept as a part of one entity…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-11-10 Fikret Basic , Christian Steger , Robert Kofler

Logs are ubiquitous digital footprints, playing an indispensable role in system diagnostics, security analysis, and performance optimization. The extraction of actionable insights from logs is critically dependent on the log parsing…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-08-27 Aoxiao Zhong , Dengyao Mo , Guiyang Liu , Jinbu Liu , Qingda Lu , Qi Zhou , Jiesheng Wu , Quanzheng Li , Qingsong Wen

Developers use logging statements to create logs that document system behavior and aid in software maintenance. As such, high-quality logging is essential for effective maintenance; however, manual logging often leads to errors and…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-09-05 Renyi Zhong , Yichen Li , Guangba Yu , Wenwei Gu , Jinxi Kuang , Yintong Huo , Michael R. Lyu

Log-based software reliability maintenance systems are crucial for sustaining stable customer experience. However, existing deep learning-based methods represent a black box for service providers, making it impossible for providers to…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Minghua He , Tong Jia , Chiming Duan , Pei Xiao , Lingzhe Zhang , Kangjin Wang , Yifan Wu , Ying Li , Gang Huang

This paper illustrates how a Prolog program, using chronological backtracking to find a solution in some search space, can be enhanced to perform intelligent backtracking. The enhancement crucially relies on the impurity of Prolog that…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2007-05-23 Maurice Bruynooghe

Due to the complexity and size of modern software systems, the amount of logs generated is tremendous. Hence, it is infeasible to manually investigate these data in a reasonable time, thereby requiring automating log analysis to derive…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-02-09 Stefan Petrescu , Floris den Hengst , Alexandru Uta , Jan S. Rellermeyer

Log data have facilitated various tasks of software development and maintenance, such as testing, debugging and diagnosing. Due to the unstructured nature of logs, log parsing is typically required to transform log messages into structured…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-03-26 Zhihan Jiang , Jinyang Liu , Junjie Huang , Yichen Li , Yintong Huo , Jiazhen Gu , Zhuangbin Chen , Jieming Zhu , Michael R. Lyu

Logs are a fundamental component of modern computer systems. They enable the analysis and monitoring teams to understand any abnormal or malicious behavior that may have occurred. The continuous increase in the volume of logs generated by…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2023-04-25 Arthur Vervaet , Raja Chiky , Mar Callau-Zori

Logging is essential in software development, helping developers monitor system behavior and aiding in debugging applications. Given the ability of large language models (LLMs) to generate natural language and code, researchers are…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-08-08 Mayra Sofia Ruiz Rodriguez , SayedHassan Khatoonabadi , Emad Shihab

Logs are essential for diagnosing failures and conducting retrospective studies, leading many software organizations to retain log messages for a long time. Nevertheless, the volume of generated log data grows rapidly as software systems…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-03-24 Shiwen Shan , Yintong Huo , Hongzhan Zhong , Zhining Wang , Yuxin Su , Zibin Zheng

\underline{Context:} Logging is a fundamental yet complex practice in software engineering, essential for monitoring, debugging, and auditing software systems. With the increasing integration of machine learning (ML) components into…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-01-12 Patrick Loic Foalem , Leuson Da Silva , Foutse Khomh , Ettore Merlo , Heng Li

Logical specifications play a key role in the formal analysis of behavioural models. Automating the derivation of such specifications is particularly valuable in complex systems, where manual construction is time-consuming and error-prone.…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-06-11 Radoslaw Klimek , Julia Witek

Log parsing has been a long-studied area in software engineering due to its importance in identifying dynamic variables and constructing log templates. Prior work has proposed many statistic-based log parsers (e.g., Drain), which are highly…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-12-09 Qiaolin Qin , Roozbeh Aghili , Heng Li , Ettore Merlo

System logs are a critical resource for monitoring and managing distributed systems, providing insights into failures and anomalous behavior. Traditional log analysis techniques, including template-based and sequence-driven approaches,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-12-16 Anfeng Peng , Ajesh Koyatan Chathoth , Stephen Lee