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Identifiability is a desirable property of a statistical model: it implies that the true model parameters may be estimated to any desired precision, given sufficient computational resources and data. We study identifiability in the context…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2020-07-09 Geoffrey Roeder , Luke Metz , Diederik P. Kingma

Modern causal decision-making increasingly demands individualized treatment-effect estimation in networks where interventions are high-dimensional, combinatorial vectors. While network interference, effect heterogeneity, and…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-02-24 Yunping Lu , Haoang Chi , Qirui Hu , Zhiheng Zhang

Standard imitation learning can fail when the expert demonstrators have different sensory inputs than the imitating agent. This is because partial observability gives rise to hidden confounders in the causal graph. In previous work, to work…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-08-27 Risto Vuorio , Pim de Haan , Johann Brehmer , Hanno Ackermann , Daniel Dijkman , Taco Cohen

In causal inference, principal stratification is a framework for dealing with a posttreatment intermediate variable between a treatment and an outcome, in which the principal strata are defined by the joint potential values of the…

Methodology · Statistics 2021-04-20 Zhichao Jiang , Peng Ding

Standard meta-learning for representation learning aims to find a common representation to be shared across multiple tasks. The effectiveness of these methods is often limited when the nuances of the tasks' distribution cannot be captured…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-03-31 Giulia Denevi , Massimiliano Pontil , Carlo Ciliberto

Estimating individual-level treatment effect from observational data is a fundamental problem in causal inference and has attracted increasing attention in the fields of education, healthcare, and public policy.In this work, we concentrate…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-10 Hui Meng , Keping Yang , Xuyu Peng , Bo Zheng

Causal inference from observational data provides strong evidence for the best action in decision-making without performing expensive randomized trials. The effect of an action is usually not identifiable under unobserved confounding, even…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-02 Md Musfiqur Rahman , Ziwei Jiang , Hilaf Hasson , Murat Kocaoglu

This paper considers the problem of estimating the unknown intervention targets in a causal directed acyclic graph from observational and interventional data. The focus is on soft interventions in linear structural equation models (SEMs).…

Methodology · Statistics 2021-11-16 Burak Varici , Karthikeyan Shanmugam , Prasanna Sattigeri , Ali Tajer

In scientific domains -- from biology to the social sciences -- many questions boil down to \textit{What effect will we observe if we intervene on a particular variable?} If the causal relationships (e.g.~a causal graph) are known, it is…

Consider learning an imitation policy on the basis of demonstrated behavior from multiple environments, with an eye towards deployment in an unseen environment. Since the observable features from each setting may be different, directly…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2023-11-06 Ioana Bica , Daniel Jarrett , Mihaela van der Schaar

This paper considers a challenging problem of identifying a causal graphical model under the presence of latent variables. While various identifiability conditions have been proposed in the literature, they often require multiple pure…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-02-03 Seunghyun Lee , Yuqi Gu

Graphical causal models led to the development of complete non-parametric identification theory in arbitrary structured systems, and general approaches to efficient inference. Nevertheless, graphical approaches to causal inference have not…

Methodology · Statistics 2021-11-02 AmirEmad Ghassami , Ilya Shpitser

Behavioral cloning reduces policy learning to supervised learning by training a discriminative model to predict expert actions given observations. Such discriminative models are non-causal: the training procedure is unaware of the causal…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-11-05 Pim de Haan , Dinesh Jayaraman , Sergey Levine

Convenient access to observational data enables us to learn causal effects without randomized experiments. This research direction draws increasing attention in research areas such as economics, healthcare, and education. For example, we…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2019-12-03 Ruocheng Guo , Jundong Li , Huan Liu

Causal representation learning (CRL) has garnered increasing interest from the causal inference and artificial intelligence communities due to its potential to disentangle complex data-generating mechanism into causally interpretable latent…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-05-28 Hao Chen , Lin Liu , Yu Guang Wang

The gold standard for discovering causal relations is by means of experimentation. Over the last decades, alternative methods have been proposed that can infer causal relations between variables from certain statistical patterns in purely…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-08-21 Joris M. Mooij , Sara Magliacane , Tom Claassen

In causal estimation problems, the parameter of interest is often only partially identified, implying that the parameter cannot be recovered exactly, even with infinite data. Here, we study Bayesian inference for partially identified…

Methodology · Statistics 2022-04-26 Jiajing Zheng , Alexander D'Amour , Alexander Franks

Causal inference is a critical research topic across many domains, such as statistics, computer science, education, public policy and economics, for decades. Nowadays, estimating causal effect from observational data has become an appealing…

Methodology · Statistics 2020-02-10 Liuyi Yao , Zhixuan Chu , Sheng Li , Yaliang Li , Jing Gao , Aidong Zhang

Existing methods for differentiable structure learning in discrete data typically assume that the data are generated from specific structural equation models. However, these assumptions may not align with the true data-generating process,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-28 Chang Deng , Bryon Aragam

Causal disentanglement from soft interventions is identifiable under the assumptions of linear interventional faithfulness and availability of both observational and interventional data. Previous research has looked into this problem from…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-03 Jifan Zhang , Michelle M. Li , Elena Zheleva
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