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The framework of Pearl's Causal Hierarchy (PCH) formalizes three types of reasoning: probabilistic (i.e. purely observational), interventional, and counterfactual, that reflect the progressive sophistication of human thought regarding…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-02-07 Julian Dörfler , Benito van der Zander , Markus Bläser , Maciej Liskiewicz

We study the problem of assessing the robustness of counterfactual explanations for deep learning models. We focus on $\textit{plausible model shifts}$ altering model parameters and propose a novel framework to reason about the robustness…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-11 Luca Marzari , Francesco Leofante , Ferdinando Cicalese , Alessandro Farinelli

This paper describes the functioning of a broad-coverage probabilistic top-down parser, and its application to the problem of language modeling for speech recognition. The paper first introduces key notions in language modeling and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2007-05-23 Brian Roark

We express the optimization of entanglement witnesses for arbitrary bipartite states in terms of a class of convex optimization problems known as Robust Semidefinite Programs (RSDP). We propose, using well known properties of RSDP, several…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Fernando. G. S. L. Brandao , Reinaldo O. Vianna

In a recent breakthrough paper [M. Braverman, A. Garg, D. Pankratov, and O. Weinstein, From information to exact communication, STOC'13] Braverman et al. developed a local characterization for the zero-error information complexity in the…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2018-07-26 Yuval Filmus , Hamed Hatami , Yaqiao Li , Suzin You

This paper studies the problems of identifiability and estimation in high-dimensional nonparametric latent structure models. We introduce an identifiability theorem that generalizes existing conditions, establishing a unified framework…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2025-08-06 Yichen Lyu , Pengkun Yang

A probabilistic approach to the stable matching problem has been identified as an important research area with several important open problems. When considering random matchings, ex-post stability is a fundamental stability concept. A…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2026-02-23 Haris Aziz , Gergely Csáji , Péter Biró

Complex networks theory has commonly been used for modelling and understanding the interactions taking place between the elements composing complex systems. More recently, the use of generative models has gained momentum, as they allow…

Physics and Society · Physics 2016-05-19 Massimiliano Zanin , Marco Correia , Pedro A. C. Sousa , Jorge Cruz

We present a spectrum of trace-based, testing, and bisimulation equivalences for nondeterministic and probabilistic processes whose activities are all observable. For every equivalence under study, we examine the discriminating power of…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2013-06-13 Marco Bernardo , Rocco De Nicola , Michele Loreti

Weighted knowledge bases for description logics with typicality under a "concept-wise" multi-preferential semantics provide a logical interpretation of MultiLayer Perceptrons. In this context, Answer Set Programming (ASP) has been shown to…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-03-28 Mario Alviano , Laura Giordano , Daniele Theseider Dupré

We study deliberative social choice, where voters engage in small-group discussions to output collective preferences that are then aggregated by a social choice rule. We introduce a simple deliberation-via-matching protocol. In this…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2026-04-27 Kamesh Munagala , Qilin Ye , Ian Zhang

Currently, criminals profile (CP) is obtained from investigators or forensic psychologists interpretation, linking crime scene characteristics and an offenders behavior to his or her characteristics and psychological profile. This paper…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2010-02-11 Ramesh Kumar Gopala Pillai , Dr. Ramakanth Kumar . P

While for deterministic systems, a counterexample to a property can simply be an error trace, counterexamples in probabilistic systems are necessarily more complex. For instance, a set of erroneous traces with a sufficient cumulative…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2015-02-11 Tomáš Brázdil , Krishnendu Chatterjee , Martin Chmelík , Andreas Fellner , Jan Křetínský

We present an asynchronous calculus for multiparty sessions with mixed choice, which extends the Simple MultiParty Session framework in order to support nondeterministic choices with both input and output prefixes. Global types -- equipped…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2026-04-09 Franco Barbanera , Mariangiola Dezani-Ciancaglini

Probabilistic bisimulation is a fundamental notion of process equivalence for probabilistic systems. Among others, it has important applications including formalizing the anonymity property of several communication protocols. There is a lot…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2020-11-05 Chih-Duo Hong , Anthony W. Lin , Rupak Majumdar , Philipp Rümmer

Bayesian persuasion, an extension of cheap-talk communication, involves an informed sender committing to a signaling scheme to influence a receiver's actions. Compared to cheap talk, this sender's commitment enables the receiver to verify…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2025-06-10 Yue Lin , Shuhui Zhu , William A Cunningham , Wenhao Li , Pascal Poupart , Hongyuan Zha , Baoxiang Wang

Parameter identification problems are formulated in a probabilistic language, where the randomness reflects the uncertainty about the knowledge of the true values. This setting allows conceptually easily to incorporate new information, e.g.…

Numerical Analysis · Computer Science 2013-03-19 Bojana V. Rosić , Anna Kučerová , Jan Sýkora , Oliver Pajonk , Alexander Litvinenko , Hermann G. Matthies

An extended formulation of a polyhedron $P$ is a linear description of a polyhedron $Q$ together with a linear map $\pi$ such that $\pi(Q)=P$. These objects are of fundamental importance in polyhedral combinatorics and optimization theory,…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2013-05-14 Yuri Faenza , Samuel Fiorini , Roland Grappe , Hans Raj Tiwary

Allowing agents to share information through communication is crucial for solving complex tasks in multi-agent reinforcement learning. In this work, we consider the question of whether a given communication protocol can express an arbitrary…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2023-01-16 Matthew Morris , Thomas D. Barrett , Arnu Pretorius

Deterministic protocols are well-known tools to obtain extended formulations, with many applications to polytopes arising in combinatorial optimization. Although constructive, those tools are not output-efficient, since the time needed to…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2019-04-09 Manuel Aprile , Yuri Faenza